]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - src/resource.c
Variable LZX window sizes
[wimlib] / src / resource.c
index 7df50e727ab7eeb1c240d0afbafe0a880a5ea4bd..466de1a5ef8e02c76ba7a509a7e551730ab3253e 100644 (file)
  * wimlib; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
  */
 
-#include "wimlib_internal.h"
-#include "dentry.h"
-#include "lookup_table.h"
-#include "buffer_io.h"
-#include "lzx.h"
-#include "xpress.h"
-#include "sha1.h"
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#  include "config.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "wimlib.h"
+#include "wimlib/dentry.h"
+#include "wimlib/endianness.h"
+#include "wimlib/error.h"
+#include "wimlib/file_io.h"
+#include "wimlib/lookup_table.h"
+#include "wimlib/resource.h"
+#include "wimlib/sha1.h"
 
 #ifdef __WIN32__
-#  include "win32.h"
+/* for read_win32_file_prefix(), read_win32_encrypted_file_prefix() */
+#  include "wimlib/win32.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
+/* for read_ntfs_file_prefix() */
+#  include "wimlib/ntfs_3g.h"
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#  include <alloca.h>
+#endif
 #include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
-#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
-#  include <time.h>
-#  include <ntfs-3g/attrib.h>
-#  include <ntfs-3g/inode.h>
-#  include <ntfs-3g/dir.h>
-#endif
+/*
+ *                            Compressed resources
+ *
+ * A compressed resource in a WIM consists of a number of consecutive LZX or
+ * XPRESS-compressed chunks, each of which decompresses to 32768 bytes of data,
+ * except possibly the last, which always decompresses to any remaining bytes.
+ * In addition, immediately before the chunks, a table (the "chunk table")
+ * provides the offset, in bytes relative to the end of the chunk table, of the
+ * start of each compressed chunk, except for the first chunk which is omitted
+ * as it always has an offset of 0.  Therefore, a compressed resource with N
+ * chunks will have a chunk table with N - 1 entries.
+ *
+ * Additional information:
+ *
+ * - Entries in the chunk table are 4 bytes each, except if the uncompressed
+ *   size of the resource is greater than 4 GiB, in which case the entries in
+ *   the chunk table are 8 bytes each.  In either case, the entries are unsigned
+ *   little-endian integers.
+ *
+ * - The chunk table is included in the compressed size of the resource provided
+ *   in the corresponding entry in the WIM's stream lookup table.
+ *
+ * - The compressed size of a chunk is never greater than the uncompressed size.
+ *   From the compressor's point of view, chunks that would have compressed to a
+ *   size greater than or equal to their original size are in fact stored
+ *   uncompressed.  From the decompresser's point of view, chunks with
+ *   compressed size equal to their uncompressed size are in fact uncompressed.
+ *
+ * Furthermore, wimlib supports its own "pipable" WIM format, and for this the
+ * structure of compressed resources was modified to allow piped reading and
+ * writing.  To make sequential writing possible, the chunk table is placed
+ * after the chunks rather than before the chunks, and to make sequential
+ * reading possible, each chunk is prefixed with a 4-byte header giving its
+ * compressed size as a 32-bit, unsigned, little-endian integer (less than or
+ * equal to 32768).  Otherwise the details are the same.
+ */
 
-#if defined(__WIN32__) && !defined(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-#  define INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ((HANDLE)(-1))
-#endif
+static int decompress(const void *cchunk, unsigned clen,
+                     void *uchunk, unsigned ulen,
+                     int ctype, u32 wim_chunk_size)
+{
+       switch (ctype) {
+       case WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_XPRESS:
+               return wimlib_xpress_decompress(cchunk,
+                                               clen,
+                                               uchunk,
+                                               ulen);
+       case WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX:
+               return wimlib_lzx_decompress2(cchunk,
+                                             clen,
+                                             uchunk,
+                                             ulen,
+                                             wim_chunk_size);
+       default:
+               wimlib_assert(0);
+               return -1;
+       }
+}
 
 /*
- * Reads all or part of a compressed resource into an in-memory buffer.
+ * read_compressed_resource()-
  *
- * @fp:                The FILE* for the WIM file.
- * @resource_compressed_size:           The compressed size of the resource.
- * @resource_uncompressed_size:  The uncompressed size of the resource.
- * @resource_offset:            The offset of the start of the resource from
- *                                     the start of the stream @fp.
- * @resource_ctype:    The compression type of the resource.
- * @len:               The number of bytes of uncompressed data to read from
- *                             the resource.
- * @offset:            The offset of the bytes to read within the uncompressed
- *                             resource.
- * @contents_len:      An array into which the uncompressed data is written.
- *                             It must be at least @len bytes long.
+ * Read data from a compressed resource being read from a seekable WIM file.
+ * The resource may be either pipable or non-pipable.
  *
- * Returns zero on success, nonzero on failure.
+ * @flags may be:
+ *
+ * 0:
+ *     Just do a normal read, decompressing the data if necessary.
+ *
+ * WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS:
+ *     Read the raw contents of the compressed chunks of the compressed
+ *     resource.  For pipable resources, this does *not* include the chunk
+ *     headers.  If a callback function is being used, it will be called once
+ *     for each compressed chunk.  For non-pipable resources, this mode
+ *     excludes the chunk table.  For pipable resources, this mode excludes the
+ *     stream and chunk headers.
  */
 static int
-read_compressed_resource(FILE *fp, u64 resource_compressed_size,
-                        u64 resource_uncompressed_size,
-                        u64 resource_offset, int resource_ctype,
-                        u64 len, u64 offset, void *contents_ret)
+read_compressed_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry * const lte,
+                        u64 size, const consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                        const u32 in_chunk_size, void * const ctx_or_buf,
+                        const int flags, const u64 offset)
 {
+       int ret;
 
-       DEBUG2("comp size = %"PRIu64", uncomp size = %"PRIu64", "
-              "res offset = %"PRIu64"",
-              resource_compressed_size,
-              resource_uncompressed_size,
-              resource_offset);
-       DEBUG2("resource_ctype = %"TS", len = %"PRIu64", offset = %"PRIu64"",
-              wimlib_get_compression_type_string(resource_ctype), len, offset);
-       /* Trivial case */
-       if (len == 0)
-               return 0;
+       const u32 orig_chunk_size = wim_resource_chunk_size(lte);
+       const u32 orig_chunk_order = bsr32(orig_chunk_size);
+
+       wimlib_assert(is_power_of_2(orig_chunk_size));
+       wimlib_assert(cb == NULL || is_power_of_2(in_chunk_size));
+
+       /* Currently, reading raw compressed chunks is only guaranteed to work
+        * correctly when the full resource is requested.  Furthermore, in such
+        * cases the requested size is specified as the compressed size, but
+        * here we change it to an uncompressed size to avoid confusing the rest
+        * of this function.  */
+       if (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS) {
+               wimlib_assert(offset == 0);
+               wimlib_assert(size == lte->resource_entry.size);
+               wimlib_assert(wim_resource_chunk_size(lte) == in_chunk_size);
+               size = wim_resource_size(lte);
+       }
 
-       int (*decompress)(const void *, unsigned, void *, unsigned);
-       /* Set the appropriate decompress function. */
-       if (resource_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX)
-               decompress = lzx_decompress;
-       else
-               decompress = xpress_decompress;
-
-       /* The structure of a compressed resource consists of a table of chunk
-        * offsets followed by the chunks themselves.  Each chunk consists of
-        * compressed data, and there is one chunk for each WIM_CHUNK_SIZE =
-        * 32768 bytes of the uncompressed file, with the last chunk having any
-        * remaining bytes.
-        *
-        * The chunk offsets are measured relative to the end of the chunk
-        * table.  The first chunk is omitted from the table in the WIM file
-        * because its offset is implicitly given by the fact that it directly
-        * follows the chunk table and therefore must have an offset of 0.
-        */
+       wimlib_assert(offset + size <= wim_resource_size(lte));
 
-       /* Calculate how many chunks the resource conists of in its entirety. */
-       u64 num_chunks = (resource_uncompressed_size + WIM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) /
-                                                               WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-       /* As mentioned, the first chunk has no entry in the chunk table. */
-       u64 num_chunk_entries = num_chunks - 1;
-
-
-       /* The index of the chunk that the read starts at. */
-       u64 start_chunk = offset / WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-       /* The byte offset at which the read starts, within the start chunk. */
-       u64 start_chunk_offset = offset % WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-
-       /* The index of the chunk that contains the last byte of the read. */
-       u64 end_chunk   = (offset + len - 1) / WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-       /* The byte offset of the last byte of the read, within the end chunk */
-       u64 end_chunk_offset = (offset + len - 1) % WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
-
-       /* Number of chunks that are actually needed to read the requested part
-        * of the file. */
-       u64 num_needed_chunks = end_chunk - start_chunk + 1;
-
-       /* If the end chunk is not the last chunk, an extra chunk entry is
-        * needed because we need to know the offset of the chunk after the last
-        * chunk read to figure out the size of the last read chunk. */
-       if (end_chunk != num_chunks - 1)
-               num_needed_chunks++;
-
-       /* Declare the chunk table.  It will only contain offsets for the chunks
-        * that are actually needed for this read. */
-       u64 chunk_offsets[num_needed_chunks];
-
-       /* Set the implicit offset of the first chunk if it is included in the
-        * needed chunks.
-        *
-        * Note: M$'s documentation includes a picture that shows the first
-        * chunk starting right after the chunk entry table, labeled as offset
-        * 0x10.  However, in the actual file format, the offset is measured
-        * from the end of the chunk entry table, so the first chunk has an
-        * offset of 0. */
-       if (start_chunk == 0)
-               chunk_offsets[0] = 0;
+       /* Handle the trivial case.  */
+       if (size == 0)
+               return 0;
 
-       /* According to M$'s documentation, if the uncompressed size of
-        * the file is greater than 4 GB, the chunk entries are 8-byte
-        * integers.  Otherwise, they are 4-byte integers. */
-       u64 chunk_entry_size = (resource_uncompressed_size >= (u64)1 << 32) ?
-                                                                       8 : 4;
-
-       /* Size of the full chunk table in the WIM file. */
-       u64 chunk_table_size = chunk_entry_size * num_chunk_entries;
-
-       /* Read the needed chunk offsets from the table in the WIM file. */
-
-       /* Index, in the WIM file, of the first needed entry in the
-        * chunk table. */
-       u64 start_table_idx = (start_chunk == 0) ? 0 : start_chunk - 1;
-
-       /* Number of entries we need to actually read from the chunk
-        * table (excludes the implicit first chunk). */
-       u64 num_needed_chunk_entries = (start_chunk == 0) ?
-                               num_needed_chunks - 1 : num_needed_chunks;
-
-       /* Skip over unneeded chunk table entries. */
-       u64 file_offset_of_needed_chunk_entries = resource_offset +
-                               start_table_idx * chunk_entry_size;
-       if (fseeko(fp, file_offset_of_needed_chunk_entries, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
-               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to byte %"PRIu64" to read "
-                                "chunk table of compressed resource",
-                                file_offset_of_needed_chunk_entries);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
-       }
+       u64 *chunk_offsets = NULL;
+       u8 *out_buf = NULL;
+       u8 *tmp_buf = NULL;
+       void *compressed_buf = NULL;
+       bool chunk_offsets_malloced = false;
+       bool out_buf_malloced = false;
+       bool tmp_buf_malloced = false;
+       bool compressed_buf_malloced = false;
+       const size_t stack_max = 32768;
 
-       /* Number of bytes we need to read from the chunk table. */
-       size_t size = num_needed_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size;
+       /* Get the file descriptor for the WIM.  */
+       struct filedes * const in_fd = &lte->wim->in_fd;
 
-       u8 chunk_tab_buf[size];
+       /* Calculate the number of chunks the resource is divided into.  */
+       const u64 num_chunks = wim_resource_chunks(lte);
 
-       if (fread(chunk_tab_buf, 1, size, fp) != size)
-               goto err;
+       /* Calculate the number of entries in the chunk table; it's one less
+        * than the number of chunks, since the first chunk has no entry.  */
+       const u64 num_chunk_entries = num_chunks - 1;
 
-       /* Now fill in chunk_offsets from the entries we have read in
-        * chunk_tab_buf. */
+       /* Calculate the 0-based index of the chunk at which the read starts.
+        */
+       const u64 start_chunk = offset >> orig_chunk_order;
+
+       /* Calculate the offset, within the start chunk, of the first byte of
+        * the read.  */
+       const u32 start_offset_in_chunk = offset & (orig_chunk_size - 1);
+
+       /* Calculate the index of the chunk that contains the last byte of the
+        * read.  */
+       const u64 end_chunk = (offset + size - 1) >> orig_chunk_order;
+
+       /* Calculate the offset, within the end chunk, of the last byte of the
+        * read.  */
+       const u32 end_offset_in_chunk = (offset + size - 1) & (orig_chunk_size - 1);
+
+       /* Calculate the number of chunk entries are actually needed to read the
+        * requested part of the resource.  Include an entry for the first chunk
+        * even though that doesn't exist in the on-disk table, but take into
+        * account that if the last chunk required for the read is not the last
+        * chunk of the resource, an extra chunk entry is needed so that the
+        * compressed size of the last chunk of the read can be determined.  */
+       const u64 num_alloc_chunk_entries = end_chunk - start_chunk +
+                                           1 + (end_chunk != num_chunks - 1);
+
+       /* Set the size of each chunk table entry based on the resource's
+        * uncompressed size.  */
+       const u64 chunk_entry_size = (wim_resource_size(lte) > ((u64)1 << 32)) ? 8 : 4;
+
+       /* Calculate the size, in bytes, of the full chunk table.  */
+       const u64 chunk_table_size = num_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size;
+
+       /* Allocate a buffer to hold a subset of the chunk table.  It will only
+        * contain offsets for the chunks that are actually needed for this
+        * read.  For speed, allocate the buffer on the stack unless it's too
+        * large.  */
+       if (num_alloc_chunk_entries <= stack_max) {
+               chunk_offsets = alloca(num_alloc_chunk_entries * sizeof(u64));
+               chunk_offsets_malloced = false;
+       } else {
+               chunk_offsets = MALLOC(num_alloc_chunk_entries * sizeof(u64));
+               if (!chunk_offsets) {
+                       ERROR("Failed to allocate chunk table "
+                             "with %"PRIu64" entries", num_alloc_chunk_entries);
+                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+               }
+               chunk_offsets_malloced = true;
+       }
 
-       u64 *chunk_tab_p = chunk_offsets;
+       /* Set the implicit offset of the first chunk if it's included in the
+        * needed chunks.  */
        if (start_chunk == 0)
-               chunk_tab_p++;
+               chunk_offsets[0] = 0;
 
-       if (chunk_entry_size == 4) {
-               u32 *entries = (u32*)chunk_tab_buf;
-               while (num_needed_chunk_entries--)
-                       *chunk_tab_p++ = le32_to_cpu(*entries++);
-       } else {
-               u64 *entries = (u64*)chunk_tab_buf;
-               while (num_needed_chunk_entries--)
-                       *chunk_tab_p++ = le64_to_cpu(*entries++);
+       /* Calculate the index of the first needed entry in the chunk table.  */
+       const u64 start_table_idx = (start_chunk == 0) ? 0 : start_chunk - 1;
+
+       /* Calculate the number of entries that need to be read from the chunk
+        * table.  */
+       const u64 num_needed_chunk_entries = (start_chunk == 0) ?
+                               num_alloc_chunk_entries - 1 : num_alloc_chunk_entries;
+
+       /* Calculate the number of bytes of data that need to be read from the
+        * chunk table.  */
+       const size_t chunk_table_needed_size =
+                               num_needed_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size;
+       if ((u64)chunk_table_needed_size !=
+           num_needed_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size)
+       {
+               ERROR("Compressed read request too large to fit into memory!");
+               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+               goto out_free_memory;
        }
 
-       /* Done with the chunk table now.  We must now seek to the first chunk
-        * that is needed for the read. */
+       /* Calculate the byte offset, in the WIM file, of the first chunk table
+        * entry to read.  Take into account that if the WIM file is in the
+        * special "pipable" format, then the chunk table is at the end of the
+        * resource, not the beginning.  */
+       const u64 file_offset_of_needed_chunk_entries =
+               lte->resource_entry.offset
+               + (start_table_idx * chunk_entry_size)
+               + (lte->is_pipable ? (lte->resource_entry.size - chunk_table_size) : 0);
+
+       /* Read the needed chunk table entries into the end of the chunk_offsets
+        * buffer.  */
+       void * const chunk_tab_data = (u8*)&chunk_offsets[num_alloc_chunk_entries] -
+                                     chunk_table_needed_size;
+       ret = full_pread(in_fd, chunk_tab_data, chunk_table_needed_size,
+                        file_offset_of_needed_chunk_entries);
+       if (ret)
+               goto read_error;
 
-       u64 file_offset_of_first_needed_chunk = resource_offset +
-                               chunk_table_size + chunk_offsets[0];
-       if (fseeko(fp, file_offset_of_first_needed_chunk, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
-               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to byte %"PRIu64" to read "
-                                "first chunk of compressed resource",
-                                file_offset_of_first_needed_chunk);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
+       /* Now fill in chunk_offsets from the entries we have read in
+        * chunk_tab_data.  Careful: chunk_offsets aliases chunk_tab_data, which
+        * breaks C's aliasing rules when we read 32-bit integers and store
+        * 64-bit integers.  But since the operations are safe as long as the
+        * compiler doesn't mess with their order, we use the gcc may_alias
+        * extension to tell the compiler that loads from the 32-bit integers
+        * may alias stores to the 64-bit integers.  */
+       {
+               typedef le64 __attribute__((may_alias)) aliased_le64_t;
+               typedef le32 __attribute__((may_alias)) aliased_le32_t;
+               u64 * const chunk_offsets_p = chunk_offsets + (start_chunk == 0);
+               u64 i;
+
+               if (chunk_entry_size == 4) {
+                       aliased_le32_t *raw_entries = (aliased_le32_t*)chunk_tab_data;
+                       for (i = 0; i < num_needed_chunk_entries; i++)
+                               chunk_offsets_p[i] = le32_to_cpu(raw_entries[i]);
+               } else {
+                       aliased_le64_t *raw_entries = (aliased_le64_t*)chunk_tab_data;
+                       for (i = 0; i < num_needed_chunk_entries; i++)
+                               chunk_offsets_p[i] = le64_to_cpu(raw_entries[i]);
+               }
        }
 
-       /* Pointer to current position in the output buffer for uncompressed
-        * data. */
-       u8 *out_p = contents_ret;
+       /* Calculate file offset of the first chunk that needs to be read.
+        * Note: if the resource is pipable, the entries in the chunk table do
+        * *not* include the chunk headers.  */
+       u64 cur_read_offset = lte->resource_entry.offset + chunk_offsets[0];
+       if (!lte->is_pipable)
+               cur_read_offset += chunk_table_size;
+       else
+               cur_read_offset += start_chunk * sizeof(struct pwm_chunk_hdr);
+
+       /* If using a callback function, allocate a temporary buffer that will
+        * be used to pass data to it.  If writing directly to a buffer instead,
+        * arrange to write data directly into it.  */
+       size_t out_buf_size;
+       u8 *out_buf_end, *out_p;
+       if (cb) {
+               out_buf_size = max(in_chunk_size, orig_chunk_size);
+               if (out_buf_size <= stack_max) {
+                       out_buf = alloca(out_buf_size);
+               } else {
+                       out_buf = MALLOC(out_buf_size);
+                       if (out_buf == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               goto out_free_memory;
+                       }
+                       out_buf_malloced = true;
+               }
+       } else {
+               out_buf_size = size;
+               out_buf = ctx_or_buf;
+       }
+       out_buf_end = out_buf + out_buf_size;
+       out_p = out_buf;
 
-       /* Buffer for compressed data.  While most compressed chunks will have a
-        * size much less than WIM_CHUNK_SIZE, WIM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1 is the maximum
-        * size in the worst-case.  This assumption is valid only if chunks that
-        * happen to compress to more than the uncompressed size (i.e. a
-        * sequence of random bytes) are always stored uncompressed. But this seems
-        * to be the case in M$'s WIM files, even though it is undocumented. */
-       u8 compressed_buf[WIM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1];
+       /* Unless the raw compressed data was requested, allocate a temporary
+        * buffer for reading compressed chunks, each of which can be at most
+        * orig_chunk_size - 1 bytes.  This excludes compressed chunks that are
+        * a full orig_chunk_size bytes, which are actually stored uncompressed.
+        */
+       if (!(flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS)) {
+               if (orig_chunk_size - 1 <= stack_max) {
+                       compressed_buf = alloca(orig_chunk_size - 1);
+               } else {
+                       compressed_buf = MALLOC(orig_chunk_size - 1);
+                       if (compressed_buf == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               goto out_free_memory;
+                       }
+                       compressed_buf_malloced = true;
+               }
+       }
 
+       /* Allocate yet another temporary buffer, this one for reading partial
+        * chunks.  */
+       if (start_offset_in_chunk != 0 ||
+           (end_offset_in_chunk != orig_chunk_size - 1 &&
+            offset + size != wim_resource_size(lte)))
+       {
+               if (orig_chunk_size <= stack_max) {
+                       tmp_buf = alloca(orig_chunk_size);
+               } else {
+                       tmp_buf = MALLOC(orig_chunk_size);
+                       if (tmp_buf == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               goto out_free_memory;
+                       }
+                       tmp_buf_malloced = true;
+               }
+       }
 
-       /* Decompress all the chunks. */
+       /* Read, and possibly decompress, each needed chunk, either writing the
+        * data directly into the @ctx_or_buf buffer or passing it to the @cb
+        * callback function.  */
        for (u64 i = start_chunk; i <= end_chunk; i++) {
 
-               DEBUG2("Chunk %"PRIu64" (start %"PRIu64", end %"PRIu64").",
-                      i, start_chunk, end_chunk);
+               /* If the resource is pipable, skip the chunk header.  */
+               if (lte->is_pipable)
+                       cur_read_offset += sizeof(struct pwm_chunk_hdr);
 
                /* Calculate the sizes of the compressed chunk and of the
-                * uncompressed chunk. */
-               unsigned compressed_chunk_size;
-               unsigned uncompressed_chunk_size;
+                * uncompressed chunk.  */
+               u32 compressed_chunk_size;
+               u32 uncompressed_chunk_size;
                if (i != num_chunks - 1) {
-                       /* All the chunks except the last one in the resource
-                        * expand to WIM_CHUNK_SIZE uncompressed, and the amount
-                        * of compressed data for the chunk is given by the
-                        * difference of offsets in the chunk offset table. */
+                       /* Not the last chunk.  Compressed size is given by
+                        * difference of chunk table entries; uncompressed size
+                        * is always the WIM chunk size.  */
                        compressed_chunk_size = chunk_offsets[i + 1 - start_chunk] -
                                                chunk_offsets[i - start_chunk];
-                       uncompressed_chunk_size = WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
+                       uncompressed_chunk_size = orig_chunk_size;
                } else {
-                       /* The last compressed chunk consists of the remaining
-                        * bytes in the file resource, and the last uncompressed
-                        * chunk has size equal to however many bytes are left-
-                        * that is, the remainder of the uncompressed size when
-                        * divided by WIM_CHUNK_SIZE.
-                        *
-                        * Note that the resource_compressed_size includes the
-                        * chunk table, so the size of it must be subtracted. */
-                       compressed_chunk_size = resource_compressed_size -
+                       /* Last chunk.  Compressed size is the remaining size in
+                        * the compressed resource; uncompressed size is the
+                        * remaining size in the uncompressed resource.  */
+                       compressed_chunk_size = lte->resource_entry.size -
                                                chunk_table_size -
                                                chunk_offsets[i - start_chunk];
+                       if (lte->is_pipable)
+                               compressed_chunk_size -= num_chunks *
+                                                        sizeof(struct pwm_chunk_hdr);
 
-                       uncompressed_chunk_size = resource_uncompressed_size %
-                                                               WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
+                       if ((wim_resource_size(lte) & (orig_chunk_size - 1)) == 0)
+                               uncompressed_chunk_size = orig_chunk_size;
+                       else
+                               uncompressed_chunk_size = wim_resource_size(lte) &
+                                                         (orig_chunk_size - 1);
+               }
+
+               /* Calculate how much of this chunk needs to be read.  */
+
+               u32 partial_chunk_size;
+               u32 start_offset = 0;
+               u32 end_offset = orig_chunk_size - 1;
 
-                       /* If the remainder is 0, the last chunk actually
-                        * uncompresses to a full WIM_CHUNK_SIZE bytes. */
-                       if (uncompressed_chunk_size == 0)
-                               uncompressed_chunk_size = WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
+               if (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS) {
+                       partial_chunk_size = compressed_chunk_size;
+               } else {
+                       if (i == start_chunk)
+                               start_offset = start_offset_in_chunk;
+
+                       if (i == end_chunk)
+                               end_offset = end_offset_in_chunk;
+
+                       partial_chunk_size = end_offset + 1 - start_offset;
                }
 
-               DEBUG2("compressed_chunk_size = %u, "
-                      "uncompressed_chunk_size = %u",
-                      compressed_chunk_size, uncompressed_chunk_size);
-
-
-               /* Figure out how much of this chunk we actually need to read */
-               u64 start_offset;
-               if (i == start_chunk)
-                       start_offset = start_chunk_offset;
-               else
-                       start_offset = 0;
-               u64 end_offset;
-               if (i == end_chunk)
-                       end_offset = end_chunk_offset;
-               else
-                       end_offset = WIM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1;
-
-               u64 partial_chunk_size = end_offset + 1 - start_offset;
-               bool is_partial_chunk = (partial_chunk_size !=
-                                               uncompressed_chunk_size);
-
-               DEBUG2("start_offset = %"PRIu64", end_offset = %"PRIu64"",
-                      start_offset, end_offset);
-               DEBUG2("partial_chunk_size = %"PRIu64"", partial_chunk_size);
-
-               /* This is undocumented, but chunks can be uncompressed.  This
-                * appears to always be the case when the compressed chunk size
-                * is equal to the uncompressed chunk size. */
-               if (compressed_chunk_size == uncompressed_chunk_size) {
-                       /* Probably an uncompressed chunk */
-
-                       if (start_offset != 0) {
-                               if (fseeko(fp, start_offset, SEEK_CUR) != 0) {
-                                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Uncompressed partial "
-                                                        "chunk fseek() error");
-                                       return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       if (fread(out_p, 1, partial_chunk_size, fp) !=
-                                       partial_chunk_size)
-                               goto err;
+               if (compressed_chunk_size == uncompressed_chunk_size ||
+                   (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS))
+               {
+                       /* Chunk stored uncompressed, or reading raw chunk data.  */
+                       ret = full_pread(in_fd,
+                                        out_p,
+                                        partial_chunk_size,
+                                        cur_read_offset + start_offset);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto read_error;
                } else {
-                       /* Compressed chunk */
-                       int ret;
+                       /* Compressed chunk and not doing raw read.  */
+                       u8 *target;
 
-                       /* Read the compressed data into compressed_buf. */
-                       if (fread(compressed_buf, 1, compressed_chunk_size,
-                                               fp) != compressed_chunk_size)
-                               goto err;
+                       /* Read the compressed data into compressed_buf.  */
+                       ret = full_pread(in_fd,
+                                        compressed_buf,
+                                        compressed_chunk_size,
+                                        cur_read_offset);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto read_error;
 
                        /* For partial chunks we must buffer the uncompressed
-                        * data because we don't need all of it. */
-                       if (is_partial_chunk) {
-                               u8 uncompressed_buf[uncompressed_chunk_size];
-
-                               ret = decompress(compressed_buf,
-                                               compressed_chunk_size,
-                                               uncompressed_buf,
-                                               uncompressed_chunk_size);
-                               if (ret != 0)
-                                       return WIMLIB_ERR_DECOMPRESSION;
-                               memcpy(out_p, uncompressed_buf + start_offset,
-                                               partial_chunk_size);
-                       } else {
-                               ret = decompress(compressed_buf,
-                                               compressed_chunk_size,
-                                               out_p,
-                                               uncompressed_chunk_size);
-                               if (ret != 0)
-                                       return WIMLIB_ERR_DECOMPRESSION;
+                        * data because we don't need all of it.  */
+                       if (partial_chunk_size == uncompressed_chunk_size)
+                               target = out_p;
+                       else
+                               target = tmp_buf;
+
+                       /* Decompress the chunk.  */
+                       ret = decompress(compressed_buf,
+                                        compressed_chunk_size,
+                                        target,
+                                        uncompressed_chunk_size,
+                                        wim_resource_compression_type(lte),
+                                        orig_chunk_size);
+                       if (ret) {
+                               ERROR("Failed to decompress data.");
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_DECOMPRESSION;
+                               errno = EINVAL;
+                               goto out_free_memory;
                        }
+                       if (partial_chunk_size != uncompressed_chunk_size)
+                               memcpy(out_p, tmp_buf + start_offset,
+                                      partial_chunk_size);
                }
 
-               /* Advance the pointer into the uncompressed output data by the
-                * number of uncompressed bytes that were written.  */
                out_p += partial_chunk_size;
+
+               if (cb) {
+                       /* Feed the data to the callback function.  */
+                       wimlib_assert(offset == 0);
+
+                       if (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS) {
+                               ret = cb(out_buf, out_p - out_buf, ctx_or_buf);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto out_free_memory;
+                               out_p = out_buf;
+
+                       } else if (i == end_chunk || out_p == out_buf_end) {
+                               size_t bytes_sent;
+                               const u8 *p;
+
+                               for (p = out_buf; p != out_p; p += bytes_sent) {
+                                       bytes_sent = min(in_chunk_size, out_p - p);
+                                       ret = cb(p, bytes_sent, ctx_or_buf);
+                                       if (ret)
+                                               goto out_free_memory;
+                               }
+                               out_p = out_buf;
+                       }
+               }
+               cur_read_offset += compressed_chunk_size;
        }
 
-       return 0;
+       ret = 0;
+out_free_memory:
+       if (chunk_offsets_malloced)
+               FREE(chunk_offsets);
+       if (out_buf_malloced)
+               FREE(out_buf);
+       if (compressed_buf_malloced)
+               FREE(compressed_buf);
+       if (tmp_buf_malloced)
+               FREE(tmp_buf);
+       return ret;
 
-err:
-       if (feof(fp))
-               ERROR("Unexpected EOF in compressed file resource");
-       else
-               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading compressed file resource");
-       return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
+read_error:
+       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading compressed file resource");
+       goto out_free_memory;
 }
 
-/*
- * Reads uncompressed data from an open file stream.
- */
-int
-read_uncompressed_resource(FILE *fp, u64 offset, u64 len, void *contents_ret)
+/* Skip over the chunk table at the end of pipable, compressed resource being
+ * read from a pipe.  */
+static int
+skip_chunk_table(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                struct filedes *in_fd)
 {
-       if (fseeko(fp, offset, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
-               ERROR("Failed to seek to byte %"PRIu64" of input file "
-                     "to read uncompressed resource (len = %"PRIu64")",
-                     offset, len);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
+       u64 num_chunk_entries = wim_resource_chunks(lte) - 1;
+       u64 chunk_entry_size = (wim_resource_size(lte) > ((u64)1 << 32)) ? 8 : 4;
+       u64 chunk_table_size = num_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (num_chunk_entries != 0) {
+               u8 dummy;
+               ret = full_pread(in_fd, &dummy, 1,
+                                in_fd->offset + chunk_table_size - 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
        }
-       if (fread(contents_ret, 1, len, fp) != len) {
-               if (feof(fp)) {
-                       ERROR("Unexpected EOF in uncompressed file resource");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Read and decompress data from a compressed, pipable resource being read from
+ * a pipe.  */
+static int
+read_pipable_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                     u64 size, consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                     u32 in_chunk_size, void *ctx_or_buf,
+                     int flags, u64 offset)
+{
+       struct filedes *in_fd;
+       int ret;
+       const u32 orig_chunk_size = wim_resource_chunk_size(lte);
+       u8 cchunk[orig_chunk_size - 1];
+
+       size_t out_buf_size;
+       u8 *out_buf, *out_buf_end, *out_p;
+       if (cb) {
+               out_buf_size = max(in_chunk_size, orig_chunk_size);
+               out_buf = alloca(out_buf_size);
+       } else {
+               out_buf_size = size;
+               out_buf = ctx_or_buf;
+       }
+       out_buf_end = out_buf + out_buf_size;
+       out_p = out_buf;
+
+       /* Get pointers to appropriate decompression function and the input file
+        * descriptor.  */
+       in_fd = &lte->wim->in_fd;
+
+       /* This function currently assumes the entire resource is being read at
+        * once and that the raw compressed data isn't being requested.  This is
+        * based on the fact that this function currently only gets called
+        * during the operation of wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe().  */
+       wimlib_assert(!(flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW));
+       wimlib_assert(offset == 0);
+       wimlib_assert(size == wim_resource_size(lte));
+       wimlib_assert(in_fd->offset == lte->resource_entry.offset);
+
+       u32 chunk_usize;
+       for (offset = 0; offset < size; offset += chunk_usize) {
+               struct pwm_chunk_hdr chunk_hdr;
+               u32 chunk_csize;
+
+               /* Calculate uncompressed size of next chunk.  */
+               chunk_usize = min(orig_chunk_size, size - offset);
+
+               /* Read the compressed size of the next chunk from the chunk
+                * header.  */
+               ret = full_read(in_fd, &chunk_hdr, sizeof(chunk_hdr));
+               if (ret)
+                       goto read_error;
+
+               chunk_csize = le32_to_cpu(chunk_hdr.compressed_size);
+
+               if (chunk_csize > orig_chunk_size) {
+                       errno = EINVAL;
+                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PIPABLE_WIM;
+                       goto invalid;
+               }
+
+               /* Read chunk data.  */
+               ret = full_read(in_fd, cchunk, chunk_csize);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto read_error;
+
+               if (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEEK_ONLY)
+                       continue;
+
+               /* Decompress chunk if needed.  Uncompressed size same
+                * as compressed size means the chunk is uncompressed.
+                */
+               if (chunk_csize == chunk_usize) {
+                       memcpy(out_p, cchunk, chunk_usize);
                } else {
-                       ERROR("Failed to read %"PRIu64" bytes from "
-                             "uncompressed resource at offset %"PRIu64,
-                             len, offset);
+                       ret = (*decompress)(cchunk, chunk_csize,
+                                           out_p, chunk_usize,
+                                           wim_resource_compression_type(lte),
+                                           orig_chunk_size);
+                       if (ret) {
+                               errno = EINVAL;
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_DECOMPRESSION;
+                               goto invalid;
+                       }
+               }
+               out_p += chunk_usize;
+
+               /* Feed the uncompressed data into the callback function or copy
+                * it into the provided buffer.  */
+               if (cb && (out_p == out_buf_end ||
+                          offset + chunk_usize == size))
+               {
+                       size_t bytes_sent;
+                       const u8 *p;
+
+                       for (p = out_buf; p != out_p; p += bytes_sent) {
+                               bytes_sent = min(in_chunk_size, out_p - p);
+                               ret = cb(p, bytes_sent, ctx_or_buf);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       return ret;
+                       }
+                       out_p = out_buf;
                }
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
        }
+
+       ret = skip_chunk_table(lte, in_fd);
+       if (ret)
+               goto read_error;
        return 0;
+
+read_error:
+       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading compressed file resource");
+       return ret;
+
+invalid:
+       ERROR("Compressed file resource is invalid");
+       return ret;
 }
 
-/* Reads the contents of a struct resource_entry, as represented in the on-disk
- * format, from the memory pointed to by @p, and fills in the fields of @entry.
- * A pointer to the byte after the memory read at @p is returned. */
-const u8 *
-get_resource_entry(const u8 *p, struct resource_entry *entry)
+/*
+ * read_partial_wim_resource()-
+ *
+ * Read a range of data from a uncompressed or compressed resource in a WIM
+ * file.  Data is written into a buffer or fed into a callback function, as
+ * documented in read_resource_prefix().
+ *
+ * @flags can be:
+ *
+ * 0:
+ *     Just do a normal read, decompressing the data if necessary.  @size and
+ *     @offset are interpreted relative to the uncompressed contents of the
+ *     stream.
+ *
+ * WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_FULL:
+ *     Only valid when the resource is compressed:  Read the raw contents of
+ *     the compressed resource.  If the resource is non-pipable, this includes
+ *     the chunk table as well as the compressed chunks.  If the resource is
+ *     pipable, this includes the compressed chunks--- including the chunk
+ *     headers--- and the chunk table.  The stream header is still *not*
+ *     included.
+ *
+ *     In this mode, @offset is relative to the beginning of the raw contents
+ *     of the compressed resource--- that is, the chunk table if the resource
+ *     is non-pipable, or the header for the first compressed chunk if the
+ *     resource is pipable.  @size is the number of raw bytes to read, which
+ *     must not overrun the end of the resource.  For example, if @offset is 0,
+ *     then @size can be at most the raw size of the compressed resource
+ *     (@lte->resource_entry.size).
+ *
+ * WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_CHUNKS:
+ *     Only valid when the resource is compressed and is not being read from a
+ *     pipe:  Read the raw contents of the compressed chunks of the compressed
+ *     resource.  For pipable resources, this does *not* include the chunk
+ *     headers.  If a callback function is being used, it will be called once
+ *     for each compressed chunk.  The chunk table is excluded.  Also, for
+ *     pipable resources, the stream and chunk headers are excluded.  In this
+ *     mode, @size must be exactly the raw size of the compressed resource
+ *     (@lte->resource_entry.size) and @offset must be 0.
+ *
+ * WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEEK_ONLY:
+ *     Only valid when the resource is being read from a pipe:  Skip over the
+ *     requested data rather than feed it to the callback function or write it
+ *     into the buffer.  No decompression is done.
+ *     WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_* may not be combined with this flag.
+ *     @offset must be 0 and @size must be the uncompressed size of the
+ *     resource.
+ *
+ * Return values:
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_SUCCESS (0)
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_READ                   (errno set)
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_UNEXPECTED_END_OF_FILE (errno set to 0)
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM                  (errno set to ENOMEM)
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_DECOMPRESSION          (errno set to EINVAL)
+ *     WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PIPABLE_WIM    (errno set to EINVAL)
+ *
+ *     or other error code returned by the @cb function.
+ */
+int
+read_partial_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                         u64 size, consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                         u32 in_chunk_size,
+                         void *ctx_or_buf, int flags, u64 offset)
 {
-       u64 size;
-       u8 flags;
-
-       p = get_u56(p, &size);
-       p = get_u8(p, &flags);
-       entry->size = size;
-       entry->flags = flags;
+       struct filedes *in_fd;
+       int ret;
 
-       /* offset and original_size are truncated to 62 bits to avoid possible
-        * overflows, when converting to a signed 64-bit integer (off_t) or when
-        * adding size or original_size.  This is okay since no one would ever
-        * actually have a WIM bigger than 4611686018427387903 bytes... */
-       p = get_u64(p, &entry->offset);
-       if (entry->offset & 0xc000000000000000ULL) {
-               WARNING("Truncating offset in resource entry");
-               entry->offset &= 0x3fffffffffffffffULL;
-       }
-       p = get_u64(p, &entry->original_size);
-       if (entry->original_size & 0xc000000000000000ULL) {
-               WARNING("Truncating original_size in resource entry");
-               entry->original_size &= 0x3fffffffffffffffULL;
+       /* Make sure the resource is actually located in a WIM file and is not
+        * somewhere else.  */
+       wimlib_assert(lte->resource_location == RESOURCE_IN_WIM);
+
+       /* If a callback was specified, in_chunk_size must be a power of 2 (and
+        * not 0).  */
+       wimlib_assert(cb == NULL || is_power_of_2(in_chunk_size));
+
+       /* If a callback was specified, offset must be zero.  */
+       wimlib_assert(cb == NULL || offset == 0);
+
+       /* Retrieve input file descriptor for the WIM file.  */
+       in_fd = &lte->wim->in_fd;
+
+       /* Don't allow raw reads (either full or chunks) of uncompressed
+        * resources.  */
+       wimlib_assert(!(flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW) ||
+                     resource_is_compressed(&lte->resource_entry));
+
+       /* Don't allow seek-only reads unless reading from a pipe; also don't
+        * allow combining SEEK_ONLY with either RAW flag.  */
+       wimlib_assert(!(flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEEK_ONLY) ||
+                     (!filedes_is_seekable(in_fd) &&
+                      !(flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW)));
+
+       DEBUG("Reading WIM resource: %"PRIu64" @ +%"PRIu64" "
+             "from %"PRIu64" @ +%"PRIu64" (readflags 0x%08x, resflags 0x%02x%s)",
+             size, offset,
+             lte->resource_entry.original_size, lte->resource_entry.offset,
+             flags, lte->resource_entry.flags,
+             (lte->is_pipable ? ", pipable" : ""));
+
+       if ((flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW_FULL) ||
+           !resource_is_compressed(&lte->resource_entry))
+       {
+               /* Reading raw resource contents or reading uncompressed
+                * resource.  */
+               wimlib_assert(offset + size <= lte->resource_entry.size);
+               offset += lte->resource_entry.offset;
+               if (flags & WIMLIB_READ_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEEK_ONLY) {
+                       if (lte->resource_entry.size != 0) {
+                               u8 dummy;
+                               ret = full_pread(in_fd, &dummy, 1,
+                                                offset + lte->resource_entry.size - 1);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto read_error;
+                       }
+               } else if (cb) {
+                       /* Send data to callback function */
+                       u8 buf[min(in_chunk_size, size)];
+                       while (size) {
+                               size_t bytes_to_read = min(in_chunk_size, size);
+                               ret = full_pread(in_fd, buf, bytes_to_read,
+                                                offset);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto read_error;
+                               ret = cb(buf, bytes_to_read, ctx_or_buf);
+                               if (ret)
+                                       goto out;
+                               size -= bytes_to_read;
+                               offset += bytes_to_read;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* Send data directly to a buffer */
+                       ret = full_pread(in_fd, ctx_or_buf, size, offset);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto read_error;
+               }
+               ret = 0;
+       } else if (lte->is_pipable && !filedes_is_seekable(in_fd)) {
+               /* Reading compressed, pipable resource from pipe.  */
+               ret = read_pipable_resource(lte, size, cb,
+                                           in_chunk_size,
+                                           ctx_or_buf, flags, offset);
+       } else {
+               /* Reading compressed, possibly pipable resource from seekable
+                * file.  */
+               ret = read_compressed_resource(lte, size, cb,
+                                              in_chunk_size,
+                                              ctx_or_buf, flags, offset);
        }
-       return p;
+       goto out;
+
+read_error:
+       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading data from WIM");
+out:
+       return ret;
 }
 
-/* Copies the struct resource_entry @entry to the memory pointed to by @p in the
- * on-disk format.  A pointer to the byte after the memory written at @p is
- * returned. */
-u8 *
-put_resource_entry(u8 *p, const struct resource_entry *entry)
+
+int
+read_partial_wim_resource_into_buf(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                                  size_t size, u64 offset, void *buf)
 {
-       p = put_u56(p, entry->size);
-       p = put_u8(p, entry->flags);
-       p = put_u64(p, entry->offset);
-       p = put_u64(p, entry->original_size);
-       return p;
+       return read_partial_wim_resource(lte, size, NULL, 0, buf, 0, offset);
 }
 
-#ifdef WITH_FUSE
-static FILE *
-wim_get_fp(WIMStruct *w)
+static int
+read_wim_resource_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                        u64 size,
+                        consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                        u32 in_chunk_size,
+                        void *ctx_or_buf,
+                        int flags)
 {
-       pthread_mutex_lock(&w->fp_tab_mutex);
-       FILE *fp;
+       return read_partial_wim_resource(lte, size, cb, in_chunk_size,
+                                        ctx_or_buf, flags, 0);
+}
 
-       wimlib_assert(w->filename != NULL);
 
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < w->num_allocated_fps; i++) {
-               if (w->fp_tab[i]) {
-                       fp = w->fp_tab[i];
-                       w->fp_tab[i] = NULL;
-                       goto out;
+#ifndef __WIN32__
+static int
+read_file_on_disk_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                        u64 size,
+                        consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                        u32 in_chunk_size,
+                        void *ctx_or_buf,
+                        int _ignored_flags)
+{
+       const tchar *filename = lte->file_on_disk;
+       int ret;
+       struct filedes fd;
+       int raw_fd;
+       u8 *out_buf;
+       bool out_buf_malloced;
+       const size_t stack_max = 32768;
+
+       DEBUG("Reading %"PRIu64" bytes from \"%"TS"\"",
+             size, lte->file_on_disk);
+
+       raw_fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+       if (raw_fd < 0) {
+               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Can't open \"%"TS"\"", filename);
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
+       }
+       filedes_init(&fd, raw_fd);
+       out_buf_malloced = false;
+       if (cb) {
+               /* Send data to callback function */
+               if (in_chunk_size <= stack_max) {
+                       out_buf = alloca(in_chunk_size);
+               } else {
+                       out_buf = MALLOC(in_chunk_size);
+                       if (out_buf == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               goto out_close;
+                       }
+                       out_buf_malloced = true;
                }
+
+               size_t bytes_to_read;
+               while (size) {
+                       bytes_to_read = min(in_chunk_size, size);
+                       ret = full_read(&fd, out_buf, bytes_to_read);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto read_error;
+                       ret = cb(out_buf, bytes_to_read, ctx_or_buf);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_close;
+                       size -= bytes_to_read;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* Send data directly to a buffer */
+               ret = full_read(&fd, ctx_or_buf, size);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto read_error;
        }
-       DEBUG("Opening extra file descriptor to `%"TS"'", w->filename);
-       fp = tfopen(w->filename, T("rb"));
-       if (!fp)
-               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to open `%"TS"'", w->filename);
-out:
-       pthread_mutex_unlock(&w->fp_tab_mutex);
-       return fp;
+       ret = 0;
+       goto out_close;
+
+read_error:
+       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading \"%"TS"\"", filename);
+out_close:
+       filedes_close(&fd);
+       if (out_buf_malloced)
+               FREE(out_buf);
+       return ret;
 }
+#endif /* !__WIN32__ */
 
 static int
-wim_release_fp(WIMStruct *w, FILE *fp)
+read_buffer_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                  u64 size, consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                  u32 in_chunk_size,
+                  void *ctx_or_buf, int _ignored_flags)
 {
-       int ret = 0;
-       FILE **fp_tab;
 
-       pthread_mutex_lock(&w->fp_tab_mutex);
+       if (cb) {
+               int ret;
+               u32 chunk_size;
 
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < w->num_allocated_fps; i++) {
-               if (w->fp_tab[i] == NULL) {
-                       w->fp_tab[i] = fp;
-                       goto out;
+               for (u64 offset = 0; offset < size; offset += chunk_size) {
+                       chunk_size = min(in_chunk_size, size - offset);
+                       ret = cb((const u8*)lte->attached_buffer + offset,
+                                chunk_size, ctx_or_buf);
+                       if (ret)
+                               return ret;
                }
+       } else {
+               memcpy(ctx_or_buf, lte->attached_buffer, size);
        }
-
-       fp_tab = REALLOC(w->fp_tab, sizeof(FILE*) * (w->num_allocated_fps + 4));
-       if (!fp_tab) {
-               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-               goto out;
-       }
-       w->fp_tab = fp_tab;
-       memset(&w->fp_tab[w->num_allocated_fps], 0, 4 * sizeof(FILE*));
-       w->fp_tab[w->num_allocated_fps] = fp;
-       w->num_allocated_fps += 4;
-out:
-       pthread_mutex_unlock(&w->fp_tab_mutex);
-       return ret;
+       return 0;
 }
-#endif /* !WITH_FUSE */
+
+typedef int (*read_resource_prefix_handler_t)(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                                             u64 size,
+                                             consume_data_callback_t cb,
+                                             u32 in_chunk_size,
+                                             void *ctx_or_buf,
+                                             int flags);
 
 /*
- * Reads some data from the resource corresponding to a WIM lookup table entry.
+ * read_resource_prefix()-
+ *
+ * Read the first @size bytes from a generic "resource", which may be located in
+ * the WIM (compressed or uncompressed), in an external file, or directly in an
+ * in-memory buffer.
  *
- * @lte:       The WIM lookup table entry for the resource.
- * @buf:       Buffer into which to write the data.
- * @size:      Number of bytes to read.
- * @offset:    Offset at which to start reading the resource.
+ * Feed the data either to a callback function (cb != NULL, passing it
+ * ctx_or_buf), or write it directly into a buffer (cb == NULL, ctx_or_buf
+ * specifies the buffer, which must have room for @size bytes).
  *
- * Returns zero on success, nonzero on failure.
+ * When using a callback function, it is called with chunks up to 32768 bytes in
+ * size until the resource is exhausted.
+ *
+ * If the resource is located in a WIM file, @flags can be set as documented in
+ * read_partial_wim_resource().  Otherwise @flags are ignored.
  */
 int
-read_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *buf,
-                 size_t size, u64 offset, int flags)
+read_resource_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                    u64 size, consume_data_callback_t cb, u32 in_chunk_size,
+                    void *ctx_or_buf, int flags)
 {
-       int ctype;
-       int ret = 0;
-       FILE *fp;
-
-       /* We shouldn't be allowing read over-runs in any part of the library.
-        * */
-       if (flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW)
-               wimlib_assert(offset + size <= lte->resource_entry.size);
-       else
-               wimlib_assert(offset + size <= lte->resource_entry.original_size);
-
-       switch (lte->resource_location) {
-       case RESOURCE_IN_WIM:
-               /* The resource is in a WIM file, and its WIMStruct is given by
-                * the lte->wim member.  The resource may be either compressed
-                * or uncompressed. */
-               wimlib_assert(lte->wim != NULL);
-
-               #ifdef WITH_FUSE
-               if (flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_MULTITHREADED) {
-                       fp = wim_get_fp(lte->wim);
-                       if (!fp)
-                               return WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
-               } else
-               #endif
-               {
-                       wimlib_assert(!(flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_MULTITHREADED));
-                       wimlib_assert(lte->wim->fp != NULL);
-                       fp = lte->wim->fp;
-               }
-
-               ctype = wim_resource_compression_type(lte);
-
-               wimlib_assert(ctype != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE ||
-                             (lte->resource_entry.original_size ==
-                              lte->resource_entry.size));
-
-               if ((flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW)
-                   || ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE)
-                       ret = read_uncompressed_resource(fp,
-                                                        lte->resource_entry.offset + offset,
-                                                        size, buf);
-               else
-                       ret = read_compressed_resource(fp,
-                                                      lte->resource_entry.size,
-                                                      lte->resource_entry.original_size,
-                                                      lte->resource_entry.offset,
-                                                      ctype, size, offset, buf);
+       static const read_resource_prefix_handler_t handlers[] = {
+               [RESOURCE_IN_WIM]             = read_wim_resource_prefix,
+       #ifdef __WIN32__
+               [RESOURCE_IN_FILE_ON_DISK]    = read_win32_file_prefix,
+       #else
+               [RESOURCE_IN_FILE_ON_DISK]    = read_file_on_disk_prefix,
+       #endif
+               [RESOURCE_IN_ATTACHED_BUFFER] = read_buffer_prefix,
        #ifdef WITH_FUSE
-               if (flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_MULTITHREADED) {
-                       int ret2 = wim_release_fp(lte->wim, fp);
-                       if (ret == 0)
-                               ret = ret2;
-               }
+               [RESOURCE_IN_STAGING_FILE]    = read_file_on_disk_prefix,
        #endif
-               break;
-       case RESOURCE_IN_STAGING_FILE:
-       case RESOURCE_IN_FILE_ON_DISK:
-               /* The resource is in some file on the external filesystem and
-                * needs to be read uncompressed */
-               wimlib_assert(lte->file_on_disk != NULL);
-               BUILD_BUG_ON(&lte->file_on_disk != &lte->staging_file_name);
-               /* Use existing file pointer if available; otherwise open one
-                * temporarily */
-               if (lte->file_on_disk_fp) {
-                       fp = lte->file_on_disk_fp;
-               } else {
-                       fp = tfopen(lte->file_on_disk, T("rb"));
-                       if (!fp) {
-                               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to open the file "
-                                                "`%"TS"'", lte->file_on_disk);
-                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
-                               break;
-                       }
-               }
-               ret = read_uncompressed_resource(fp, offset, size, buf);
-               if (fp != lte->file_on_disk_fp)
-                       fclose(fp);
-               break;
-#ifdef __WIN32__
-       case RESOURCE_WIN32:
-               wimlib_assert(lte->win32_file_on_disk_fp != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
-               ret = win32_read_file(lte->file_on_disk,
-                                     lte->win32_file_on_disk_fp, offset,
-                                     size, buf);
-               break;
-#endif
-       case RESOURCE_IN_ATTACHED_BUFFER:
-               /* The resource is directly attached uncompressed in an
-                * in-memory buffer. */
-               wimlib_assert(lte->attached_buffer != NULL);
-               memcpy(buf, lte->attached_buffer + offset, size);
-               break;
-#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
-       case RESOURCE_IN_NTFS_VOLUME:
-               wimlib_assert(lte->ntfs_loc != NULL);
-               wimlib_assert(lte->attr != NULL);
-               if (lte->ntfs_loc->is_reparse_point)
-                       offset += 8;
-               if (ntfs_attr_pread(lte->attr, offset, size, buf) != size) {
-                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading NTFS attribute "
-                                        "at `%"TS"'",
-                                        lte->ntfs_loc->path);
-                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NTFS_3G;
-               }
-               break;
-#endif
-       default:
-               wimlib_assert(0);
-               ret = -1;
-               break;
+       #ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
+               [RESOURCE_IN_NTFS_VOLUME]     = read_ntfs_file_prefix,
+       #endif
+       #ifdef __WIN32__
+               [RESOURCE_WIN32_ENCRYPTED]    = read_win32_encrypted_file_prefix,
+       #endif
+       };
+       wimlib_assert(lte->resource_location < ARRAY_LEN(handlers)
+                     && handlers[lte->resource_location] != NULL);
+       wimlib_assert(cb == NULL || in_chunk_size > 0);
+       return handlers[lte->resource_location](lte, size, cb, in_chunk_size, ctx_or_buf, flags);
+}
+
+int
+read_full_resource_into_buf(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                           void *buf)
+{
+       return read_resource_prefix(lte, wim_resource_size(lte), NULL, 0, buf, 0);
+}
+
+int
+read_full_resource_into_alloc_buf(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                                 void **buf_ret)
+{
+       int ret;
+       void *buf;
+
+       if ((size_t)lte->resource_entry.original_size !=
+           lte->resource_entry.original_size)
+       {
+               ERROR("Can't read %"PRIu64" byte resource into "
+                     "memory", lte->resource_entry.original_size);
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
        }
-       return ret;
+
+       buf = MALLOC(lte->resource_entry.original_size);
+       if (!buf)
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+
+       ret = read_full_resource_into_buf(lte, buf);
+       if (ret) {
+               FREE(buf);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       *buf_ret = buf;
+       return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * Reads all the data from the resource corresponding to a WIM lookup table
- * entry.
- *
- * @lte:       The WIM lookup table entry for the resource.
- * @buf:       Buffer into which to write the data.  It must be at least
- *             wim_resource_size(lte) bytes long.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
- */
 int
-read_full_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
-                      void *buf, int flags)
+res_entry_to_data(const struct resource_entry *res_entry,
+                 WIMStruct *wim, void **buf_ret)
 {
-       return read_wim_resource(lte, buf, wim_resource_size(lte), 0, flags);
+       int ret;
+       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
+
+       lte = new_lookup_table_entry();
+       if (!lte)
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+
+       copy_resource_entry(&lte->resource_entry, res_entry);
+       lte->unhashed = 1;
+       lte->part_number = wim->hdr.part_number;
+       lte_init_wim(lte, wim);
+
+       ret = read_full_resource_into_alloc_buf(lte, buf_ret);
+       free_lookup_table_entry(lte);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+struct extract_ctx {
+       SHA_CTX sha_ctx;
+       consume_data_callback_t extract_chunk;
+       void *extract_chunk_arg;
+};
+
+static int
+extract_chunk_sha1_wrapper(const void *chunk, size_t chunk_size,
+                          void *_ctx)
+{
+       struct extract_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       sha1_update(&ctx->sha_ctx, chunk, chunk_size);
+       return ctx->extract_chunk(chunk, chunk_size, ctx->extract_chunk_arg);
 }
 
 /* Extracts the first @size bytes of a WIM resource to somewhere.  In the
@@ -634,108 +1062,139 @@ read_full_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
 int
 extract_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                     u64 size,
-                    extract_chunk_func_t extract_chunk,
+                    consume_data_callback_t extract_chunk,
                     void *extract_chunk_arg)
 {
-       u64 bytes_remaining = size;
-       u8 buf[min(WIM_CHUNK_SIZE, bytes_remaining)];
-       u64 offset = 0;
-       int ret = 0;
-       u8 hash[SHA1_HASH_SIZE];
-       bool check_hash = (size == wim_resource_size(lte));
-       SHA_CTX ctx;
-
-       if (check_hash)
-               sha1_init(&ctx);
-
-       while (bytes_remaining) {
-               u64 to_read = min(bytes_remaining, sizeof(buf));
-               ret = read_wim_resource(lte, buf, to_read, offset, 0);
-               if (ret != 0)
-                       return ret;
-               if (check_hash)
-                       sha1_update(&ctx, buf, to_read);
-               ret = extract_chunk(buf, to_read, offset, extract_chunk_arg);
-               if (ret != 0) {
-                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error extracting WIM resource");
-                       return ret;
-               }
-               bytes_remaining -= to_read;
-               offset += to_read;
-       }
-       if (check_hash) {
-               sha1_final(hash, &ctx);
-               if (!hashes_equal(hash, lte->hash)) {
-               #ifdef ENABLE_ERROR_MESSAGES
-                       ERROR("Invalid checksum on the following WIM resource:");
-                       print_lookup_table_entry(lte, stderr);
-               #endif
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_RESOURCE_HASH;
+       int ret;
+       if (size == wim_resource_size(lte)) {
+               /* Do SHA1 */
+               struct extract_ctx ctx;
+               ctx.extract_chunk = extract_chunk;
+               ctx.extract_chunk_arg = extract_chunk_arg;
+               sha1_init(&ctx.sha_ctx);
+               ret = read_resource_prefix(lte, size,
+                                          extract_chunk_sha1_wrapper,
+                                          wim_resource_chunk_size(lte),
+                                          &ctx, 0);
+               if (ret == 0) {
+                       u8 hash[SHA1_HASH_SIZE];
+                       sha1_final(hash, &ctx.sha_ctx);
+                       if (!hashes_equal(hash, lte->hash)) {
+                               if (wimlib_print_errors) {
+                                       ERROR("Invalid SHA1 message digest "
+                                             "on the following WIM resource:");
+                                       print_lookup_table_entry(lte, stderr);
+                                       if (lte->resource_location == RESOURCE_IN_WIM)
+                                               ERROR("The WIM file appears to be corrupt!");
+                               }
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_RESOURCE_HASH;
+                       }
                }
+       } else {
+               /* Don't do SHA1 */
+               ret = read_resource_prefix(lte, size, extract_chunk,
+                                          wim_resource_chunk_size(lte),
+                                          extract_chunk_arg, 0);
        }
-       return 0;
+       return ret;
 }
 
-/* Write @n bytes from @buf to the file descriptor @fd, retrying on internupt
- * and on short writes.
- *
- * Returns short count and set errno on failure. */
-static ssize_t
-full_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t n)
+static int
+extract_wim_chunk_to_fd(const void *buf, size_t len, void *_fd_p)
 {
-       const void *p = buf;
-       ssize_t ret;
-       ssize_t total = 0;
-
-       while (total != n) {
-               ret = write(fd, p, n);
-               if (ret < 0) {
-                       if (errno == EINTR)
-                               continue;
-                       else
-                               break;
-               }
-               total += ret;
-               p += ret;
-       }
-       return total;
+       struct filedes *fd = _fd_p;
+       int ret = full_write(fd, buf, len);
+       if (ret)
+               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing to file descriptor");
+       return ret;
 }
 
 int
-extract_wim_chunk_to_fd(const void *buf, size_t len, u64 offset, void *arg)
+extract_wim_resource_to_fd(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                          struct filedes *fd, u64 size)
 {
-       int fd = *(int*)arg;
-       ssize_t ret = full_write(fd, buf, len);
-       if (ret < len) {
-               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing to file descriptor");
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
-       } else {
-               return 0;
-       }
+       return extract_wim_resource(lte, size, extract_wim_chunk_to_fd, fd);
 }
 
-/*
- * Copies the file resource specified by the lookup table entry @lte from the
- * input WIM to the output WIM that has its FILE * given by
- * ((WIMStruct*)wim)->out_fp.
- *
- * The output_resource_entry, out_refcnt, and part_number fields of @lte are
- * updated.
- *
- * (This function is confusing and should be refactored somehow.)
- */
+
+static int
+sha1_chunk(const void *buf, size_t len, void *ctx)
+{
+       sha1_update(ctx, buf, len);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Calculate the SHA1 message digest of a stream. */
 int
-copy_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *wim)
+sha1_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte)
 {
-       WIMStruct *w = wim;
        int ret;
+       SHA_CTX sha_ctx;
+
+       sha1_init(&sha_ctx);
+       ret = read_resource_prefix(lte, wim_resource_size(lte),
+                                  sha1_chunk, wim_resource_chunk_size(lte),
+                                  &sha_ctx, 0);
+       if (ret == 0)
+               sha1_final(lte->hash, &sha_ctx);
+       return ret;
+}
 
-       ret = write_wim_resource(lte, w->out_fp,
-                                wim_resource_compression_type(lte),
-                                &lte->output_resource_entry, 0);
-       if (ret == 0) {
-               lte->out_refcnt = lte->refcnt;
-               lte->part_number = w->hdr.part_number;
+/* Translates a WIM resource entry from the on-disk format to an in-memory
+ * format. */
+void
+get_resource_entry(const struct resource_entry_disk *disk_entry,
+                  struct resource_entry *entry)
+{
+       /* Note: disk_entry may not be 8 byte aligned--- in that case, the
+        * offset and original_size members will be unaligned.  (This should be
+        * okay since `struct resource_entry_disk' is declared as packed.) */
+
+       /* Read the size and flags into a bitfield portably... */
+       entry->size = (((u64)disk_entry->size[0] <<  0) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[1] <<  8) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[2] << 16) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[3] << 24) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[4] << 32) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[5] << 40) |
+                      ((u64)disk_entry->size[6] << 48));
+       entry->flags = disk_entry->flags;
+       entry->offset = le64_to_cpu(disk_entry->offset);
+       entry->original_size = le64_to_cpu(disk_entry->original_size);
+
+       /* offset and original_size are truncated to 62 bits to avoid possible
+        * overflows, when converting to a signed 64-bit integer (off_t) or when
+        * adding size or original_size.  This is okay since no one would ever
+        * actually have a WIM bigger than 4611686018427387903 bytes... */
+       if (entry->offset & 0xc000000000000000ULL) {
+               WARNING("Truncating offset in resource entry");
+               entry->offset &= 0x3fffffffffffffffULL;
        }
-       return ret;
+       if (entry->original_size & 0xc000000000000000ULL) {
+               WARNING("Truncating original_size in resource entry");
+               entry->original_size &= 0x3fffffffffffffffULL;
+       }
+}
+
+/* Translates a WIM resource entry from an in-memory format into the on-disk
+ * format. */
+void
+put_resource_entry(const struct resource_entry *entry,
+                  struct resource_entry_disk *disk_entry)
+{
+       /* Note: disk_entry may not be 8 byte aligned--- in that case, the
+        * offset and original_size members will be unaligned.  (This should be
+        * okay since `struct resource_entry_disk' is declared as packed.) */
+       u64 size = entry->size;
+
+       disk_entry->size[0] = size >>  0;
+       disk_entry->size[1] = size >>  8;
+       disk_entry->size[2] = size >> 16;
+       disk_entry->size[3] = size >> 24;
+       disk_entry->size[4] = size >> 32;
+       disk_entry->size[5] = size >> 40;
+       disk_entry->size[6] = size >> 48;
+       disk_entry->flags = entry->flags;
+       disk_entry->offset = cpu_to_le64(entry->offset);
+       disk_entry->original_size = cpu_to_le64(entry->original_size);
 }