]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - src/lzx-compress.c
lzx-compress.c: Use pointers in lzx_optimize_block()
[wimlib] / src / lzx-compress.c
index c7c18b6090d7ab6e890cfc9df4c03e42a917ac82..26a0c0cbbfb5c38c7f29d3828b4434276418af7b 100644 (file)
@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
  * and certain other details are quite similar, such as the method for storing
  * Huffman codes.  However, some of the main differences are:
  *
- * - LZX preprocesses the data before attempting to compress it.
+ * - LZX preprocesses the data to attempt to make x86 machine code slightly more
+ *   compressible before attempting to compress it further.
  * - LZX uses a "main" alphabet which combines literals and matches, with the
  *   match symbols containing a "length header" (giving all or part of the match
  *   length) and a "position slot" (giving, roughly speaking, the order of
@@ -51,7 +52,8 @@
  *   dynamic Huffman blocks ("aligned offset" and "verbatim").
  * - LZX has a minimum match length of 2 rather than 3.
  * - In LZX, match offsets 0 through 2 actually represent entries in an LRU
- *   queue of match offsets.
+ *   queue of match offsets.  This is very useful for certain types of files,
+ *   such as binary files that have repeating records.
  *
  * Algorithms
  * ==========
  *
  * The "slow" algorithm to generate LZX-compressed data is roughly as follows:
  *
- * 1. Preprocess the input data to translate the targets of x86 call instructions
- *    to absolute offsets.
+ * 1. Preprocess the input data to translate the targets of x86 call
+ *    instructions to absolute offsets.
  *
- * 2. Build the suffix array and inverse suffix array for the input data.
+ * 2. Build the suffix array and inverse suffix array for the input data.  The
+ *    suffix array contains the indices of all suffixes of the input data,
+ *    sorted lexcographically by the corresponding suffixes.  The "position" of
+ *    a suffix is the index of that suffix in the original string, whereas the
+ *    "rank" of a suffix is the index at which that suffix's position is found
+ *    in the suffix array.
  *
  * 3. Build the longest common prefix array corresponding to the suffix array.
  *
- * 4. For each suffix rank, find the highest lower suffix rank that has a
- *    lower position, the lowest higher suffix rank that has a lower position,
- *    and the length of the common prefix shared between each.  (Position =
- *    index of suffix in original string, rank = index of suffix in suffix
- *    array.)  This information is later used to link suffix ranks into a
- *    doubly-linked list for searching the suffix array.
+ * 4. For each suffix, find the highest lower ranked suffix that has a lower
+ *    position, the lowest higher ranked suffix that has a lower position, and
+ *    the length of the common prefix shared between each.   This information is
+ *    later used to link suffix ranks into a doubly-linked list for searching
+ *    the suffix array.
  *
  * 5. Set a default cost model for matches/literals.
  *
- * 6. Determine the lowest cost sequence of LZ77 matches ((offset, length) pairs)
- *    and literal bytes to divide the input into.  Raw match-finding is done by
- *    searching the suffix array using a linked list to avoid considering any
- *    suffixes that start after the current position.  Each run of the
- *    match-finder returns the lowest-cost longest match as well as any shorter
- *    matches that have even lower costs.  Each such run also adds the suffix
- *    rank of the current position into the linked list being used to search the
- *    suffix array.  Parsing, or match-choosing, is solved as a minimum-cost
- *    path problem using a forward "optimal parsing" algorithm based on the
- *    Deflate encoder from 7-Zip.  This algorithm moves forward calculating the
- *    minimum cost to reach each byte until either a very long match is found or
- *    until a position is found at which no matches start or overlap.
+ * 6. Determine the lowest cost sequence of LZ77 matches ((offset, length)
+ *    pairs) and literal bytes to divide the input into.  Raw match-finding is
+ *    done by searching the suffix array using a linked list to avoid
+ *    considering any suffixes that start after the current position.  Each run
+ *    of the match-finder returns the approximate lowest-cost longest match as
+ *    well as any shorter matches that have even lower approximate costs.  Each
+ *    such run also adds the suffix rank of the current position into the linked
+ *    list being used to search the suffix array.  Parsing, or match-choosing,
+ *    is solved as a minimum-cost path problem using a forward "optimal parsing"
+ *    algorithm based on the Deflate encoder from 7-Zip.  This algorithm moves
+ *    forward calculating the minimum cost to reach each byte until either a
+ *    very long match is found or until a position is found at which no matches
+ *    start or overlap.
  *
  * 7. Build the Huffman codes needed to output the matches/literals.
  *
  * 9. Output the resulting block using the match/literal sequences and the
  *    Huffman codes that were computed for the block.
  *
+ * Note: the algorithm does not yet attempt to split the input into multiple LZX
+ * blocks; it instead uses a series of blocks of LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE bytes.
+ *
  * Fast algorithm
  * --------------
  *
  * The fast algorithm (and the only one available in wimlib v1.5.1 and earlier)
  * spends much less time on the main bottlenecks of the compression process ---
- * that is the match finding, match choosing, and block splitting.  Matches are
- * found and chosen with hash chains using a greedy parse with one position of
- * look-ahead.  No block splitting is done; only compressing the full input into
- * an aligned offset block is considered.
- *
- * API
- * ===
- *
- * The old API (retained for backward compatibility) consists of just one function:
- *
- *     wimlib_lzx_compress()
- *
- * The new compressor has more potential parameters and needs more memory, so
- * the new API ties up memory allocations and compression parameters into a
- * context:
- *
- *     wimlib_lzx_alloc_context()
- *     wimlib_lzx_compress2()
- *     wimlib_lzx_free_context()
- *
- * Both wimlib_lzx_compress() and wimlib_lzx_compress2() are designed to
- * compress an in-memory buffer of up to 32768 bytes.  There is no sliding
- * window.  This is suitable for the WIM format, which uses fixed-size chunks
- * that are seemingly always 32768 bytes.  If needed, the compressor potentially
- * could be extended to support a larger and/or sliding window.
- *
- * Both wimlib_lzx_compress() and wimlib_lzx_compress2() return 0 if the data
- * could not be compressed to less than the size of the uncompressed data.
- * Again, this is suitable for the WIM format, which stores such data chunks
- * uncompressed.
- *
- * The functions in this API are exported from the library, although this is
- * only in case other programs happen to have uses for it other than WIM
- * reading/writing as already handled through the rest of the library.
+ * that is, the match finding and match choosing.  Matches are found and chosen
+ * with hash chains using a greedy parse with one position of look-ahead.  No
+ * block splitting is done; only compressing the full input into an aligned
+ * offset block is considered.
  *
  * Acknowledgments
  * ===============
  * Acknowledgments to several open-source projects and research papers that made
  * it possible to implement this code:
  *
- * - divsufsort (author: Yuta Mori), for the suffix array construction code.
+ * - divsufsort (author: Yuta Mori), for the suffix array construction code,
+ *   located in a separate file (divsufsort.c).
  *
  * - "Linear-Time Longest-Common-Prefix Computation in Suffix Arrays and Its
  *   Applications" (Kasai et al. 2001), for the LCP array computation.
  *   (match-choosing).
  *
  * - zlib (author: Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler), for the hash table
- *   match-finding algorithm.
+ *   match-finding algorithm (used in lz77.c).
  *
  * - lzx-compress (author: Matthew T. Russotto), on which some parts of this
  *   code were originally based.
 #endif
 
 #include "wimlib.h"
-#include "wimlib/compress.h"
+#include "wimlib/compressor_ops.h"
+#include "wimlib/compress_common.h"
+#include "wimlib/endianness.h"
 #include "wimlib/error.h"
+#include "wimlib/lz_hash.h"
+#include "wimlib/lz_sarray.h"
 #include "wimlib/lzx.h"
 #include "wimlib/util.h"
-#include <pthread.h>
-#include <math.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG
-#  include <wimlib/decompress.h>
+#  include "wimlib/decompress_common.h"
 #endif
 
-#include "divsufsort/divsufsort.h"
-
-typedef freq_t input_idx_t;
-typedef u32 sym_cost_t;
 typedef u32 block_cost_t;
-#define INFINITE_SYM_COST      ((sym_cost_t)~0U)
-#define INFINITE_BLOCK_COST    ((block_cost_t)~0U)
+#define INFINITE_BLOCK_COST    (~(block_cost_t)0)
 
 #define LZX_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE   4096
 
-/* Currently, this constant can't simply be changed because the code currently
- * uses a static number of position slots (and may make other assumptions as
- * well).  */
-#define LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE    32768
-
-/* This may be WIM-specific  */
-#define LZX_DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE  32768
+#define LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE     32768
 
 #define LZX_MAX_CACHE_PER_POS  10
 
 /* Codewords for the LZX main, length, and aligned offset Huffman codes  */
 struct lzx_codewords {
-       u16 main[LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       u16 len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       u16 aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u32 main[LZX_MAINCODE_MAX_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u32 len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u32 aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
 };
 
 /* Codeword lengths (in bits) for the LZX main, length, and aligned offset
@@ -218,7 +190,7 @@ struct lzx_codewords {
  * A 0 length means the codeword has zero frequency.
  */
 struct lzx_lens {
-       u8 main[LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u8 main[LZX_MAINCODE_MAX_NUM_SYMBOLS];
        u8 len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
        u8 aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
 };
@@ -229,9 +201,9 @@ struct lzx_lens {
  * --- generally a high cost, since even if it gets used in the next iteration,
  * it probably will not be used very times.  */
 struct lzx_costs {
-       sym_cost_t main[LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       sym_cost_t len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       sym_cost_t aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u8 main[LZX_MAINCODE_MAX_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u8 len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u8 aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
 };
 
 /* The LZX main, length, and aligned offset Huffman codes  */
@@ -242,9 +214,9 @@ struct lzx_codes {
 
 /* Tables for tallying symbol frequencies in the three LZX alphabets  */
 struct lzx_freqs {
-       freq_t main[LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       freq_t len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       freq_t aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       input_idx_t main[LZX_MAINCODE_MAX_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       input_idx_t len[LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       input_idx_t aligned[LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
 };
 
 /* LZX intermediate match/literal format  */
@@ -258,25 +230,13 @@ struct lzx_match {
         *
         * 8-24    position footer.  This is the offset of the real formatted
         *         offset from the position base.  This can be at most 17 bits
-        *         (since lzx_extra_bits[LZX_NUM_POSITION_SLOTS - 1] is 17).
+        *         (since lzx_extra_bits[LZX_MAX_POSITION_SLOTS - 1] is 17).
         *
         * 0-7     length of match, minus 2.  This can be at most
         *         (LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN - 2) == 255, so it will fit in 8 bits.  */
        u32 data;
 };
 
-/* Raw LZ match/literal format: just a length and offset.
- *
- * The length is the number of bytes of the match, and the offset is the number
- * of bytes back in the input the match is from the current position.
- *
- * If @len < LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN, then it's really just a literal byte and @offset is
- * meaningless.  */
-struct raw_match {
-       u16 len;
-       input_idx_t offset;
-};
-
 /* Specification for an LZX block.  */
 struct lzx_block_spec {
 
@@ -302,103 +262,44 @@ struct lzx_block_spec {
        struct lzx_codes codes;
 };
 
-/*
- * An array of these structures is used during the match-choosing algorithm.
- * They correspond to consecutive positions in the window and are used to keep
- * track of the cost to reach each position, and the match/literal choices that
- * need to be chosen to reach that position.
- */
-struct lzx_optimal {
-       /* The approximate minimum cost, in bits, to reach this position in the
-        * window which has been found so far.  */
-       block_cost_t cost;
-
-       /* The union here is just for clarity, since the fields are used in two
-        * slightly different ways.  Initially, the @prev structure is filled in
-        * first, and links go from later in the window to earlier in the
-        * window.  Later, @next structure is filled in and links go from
-        * earlier in the window to later in the window.  */
-       union {
-               struct {
-                       /* Position of the start of the match or literal that
-                        * was taken to get to this position in the approximate
-                        * minimum-cost parse.  */
-                       input_idx_t link;
-
-                       /* Offset (as in an LZ (length, offset) pair) of the
-                        * match or literal that was taken to get to this
-                        * position in the approximate minimum-cost parse.  */
-                       input_idx_t match_offset;
-               } prev;
-               struct {
-                       /* Position at which the match or literal starting at
-                        * this position ends in the minimum-cost parse.  */
-                       input_idx_t link;
-
-                       /* Offset (as in an LZ (length, offset) pair) of the
-                        * match or literal starting at this position in the
-                        * approximate minimum-cost parse.  */
-                       input_idx_t match_offset;
-               } next;
-       };
-
-       /* The match offset LRU queue that will exist when the approximate
-        * minimum-cost path to reach this position is taken.  */
-       struct lzx_lru_queue queue;
-};
-
-/* Suffix array link  */
-struct salink {
-       /* Rank of highest ranked suffix that has rank lower than the suffix
-        * corresponding to this structure and either has a lower position
-        * (initially) or has a position lower than the highest position at
-        * which matches have been searched for so far, or -1 if there is no
-        * such suffix.  */
-       input_idx_t prev;
-
-       /* Rank of lowest ranked suffix that has rank greater than the suffix
-        * corresponding to this structure and either has a lower position
-        * (intially) or has a position lower than the highest position at which
-        * matches have been searched for so far, or -1 if there is no such
-        * suffix.  */
-       input_idx_t next;
-
-       /* Length of longest common prefix between the suffix corresponding to
-        * this structure and the suffix with rank @prev, or 0 if @prev is -1.
-        */
-       input_idx_t lcpprev;
-
-       /* Length of longest common prefix between the suffix corresponding to
-        * this structure and the suffix with rank @next, or 0 if @next is -1.
-        */
-       input_idx_t lcpnext;
-};
+/* Include template for the match-choosing algorithm.  */
+#define LZ_COMPRESSOR          struct lzx_compressor
+#define LZ_ADAPTIVE_STATE      struct lzx_lru_queue
+struct lzx_compressor;
+#include "wimlib/lz_optimal.h"
 
 /* State of the LZX compressor.  */
 struct lzx_compressor {
 
        /* The parameters that were used to create the compressor.  */
-       struct wimlib_lzx_params params;
+       struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params params;
 
        /* The buffer of data to be compressed.
         *
         * 0xe8 byte preprocessing is done directly on the data here before
         * further compression.
         *
-        * Note that this compressor does *not* use a sliding window!!!!  It's
-        * not needed in the WIM format, since every chunk is compressed
+        * Note that this compressor does *not* use a real sliding window!!!!
+        * It's not needed in the WIM format, since every chunk is compressed
         * independently.  This is by design, to allow random access to the
         * chunks.
         *
         * We reserve a few extra bytes to potentially allow reading off the end
-        * of the array in the match-finding code for optimization purposes.
-        */
-       u8 window[LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE + 12];
+        * of the array in the match-finding code for optimization purposes
+        * (currently only needed for the hash chain match-finder).  */
+       u8 *window;
 
        /* Number of bytes of data to be compressed, which is the number of
         * bytes of data in @window that are actually valid.  */
        input_idx_t window_size;
 
+       /* Allocated size of the @window.  */
+       input_idx_t max_window_size;
+
+       /* Number of symbols in the main alphabet (depends on the
+        * @max_window_size since it determines the maximum allowed offset).  */
+       unsigned num_main_syms;
+
        /* The current match offset LRU queue.  */
        struct lzx_lru_queue queue;
 
@@ -406,10 +307,6 @@ struct lzx_compressor {
         * block.  */
        struct lzx_match *chosen_matches;
 
-       struct raw_match *cached_matches;
-       unsigned cached_matches_pos;
-       bool matches_cached;
-
        /* Information about the LZX blocks the preprocessed input was divided
         * into.  */
        struct lzx_block_spec *block_specs;
@@ -424,110 +321,39 @@ struct lzx_compressor {
         * codewords.  */
        struct lzx_codes zero_codes;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: The current cost model.  */
+       /* The current cost model.  */
        struct lzx_costs costs;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Suffix array for window.
-        * This is a mapping from suffix rank to suffix position.
-        *
-        * Suffix rank means the index of the suffix in the sorted list of
-        * suffixes, whereas suffix position means the index in the string at
-        * which the suffix starts.
-        */
-       input_idx_t *SA;
+       /* Fast algorithm only:  Array of hash table links.  */
+       input_idx_t *prev_tab;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Inverse suffix array for window.
-        * This is a mapping from suffix position to suffix rank.
-        * In other words, if 0 <= r < window_size, then ISA[SA[r]] == r.  */
-       input_idx_t *ISA;
+       /* Slow algorithm only: Suffix array match-finder.  */
+       struct lz_sarray lz_sarray;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Longest Common Prefix array.  LCP[i] is the
-        * number of initial bytes that the suffixes at positions SA[i - 1] and
-        * SA[i] share.  LCP[0] is undefined.  */
-       input_idx_t *LCP;
-
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Suffix array links.
-        *
-        * During a linear scan of the input string to find matches, this array
-        * used to keep track of which rank suffixes in the suffix array appear
-        * before the current position.  Instead of searching in the original
-        * suffix array, scans for matches at a given position traverse a linked
-        * list containing only suffixes that appear before that position.  */
-       struct salink *salink;
-
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Position in window of next match to return.
-        * This cannot simply be modified, as the match-finder must still be
-        * synchronized on the same position.  To seek forwards or backwards,
-        * use lzx_lz_skip_bytes() or lzx_lz_rewind_matchfinder(), respectively.
-        */
+       /* Position in window of next match to return.  */
        input_idx_t match_window_pos;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: The match-finder shall ensure the length of
-        * matches does not exceed this position in the input.  */
+       /* The match-finder shall ensure the length of matches does not exceed
+        * this position in the input.  */
        input_idx_t match_window_end;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Temporary space used for match-choosing
-        * algorithm.
-        *
-        * The size of this array must be at least LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN but
-        * otherwise is arbitrary.  More space simply allows the match-choosing
-        * algorithm to potentially find better matches (depending on the input,
-        * as always).  */
-       struct lzx_optimal *optimum;
+       /* Matches found by the match-finder are cached in the following array
+        * to achieve a slight speedup when the same matches are needed on
+        * subsequent passes.  This is suboptimal because different matches may
+        * be preferred with different cost models, but seems to be a worthwhile
+        * speedup.  */
+       struct raw_match *cached_matches;
+       unsigned cached_matches_pos;
+       bool matches_cached;
 
-       /* Slow algorithm only: Variables used by the match-choosing algorithm.
-        *
-        * When matches have been chosen, optimum_cur_idx is set to the position
-        * in the window of the next match/literal to return and optimum_end_idx
-        * is set to the position in the window at the end of the last
-        * match/literal to return.  */
-       u32 optimum_cur_idx;
-       u32 optimum_end_idx;
+       /* Match chooser.  */
+       struct lz_match_chooser mc;
 };
 
-/* Returns the LZX position slot that corresponds to a given formatted offset.
- *
- * Logically, this returns the smallest i such that
- * formatted_offset >= lzx_position_base[i].
- *
- * The actual implementation below takes advantage of the regularity of the
- * numbers in the lzx_position_base array to calculate the slot directly from
- * the formatted offset without actually looking at the array.
- */
-static _always_inline_attribute unsigned
-lzx_get_position_slot_raw(unsigned formatted_offset)
-{
-#if 0
-       /*
-        * Slots 36-49 (formatted_offset >= 262144) can be found by
-        * (formatted_offset/131072) + 34 == (formatted_offset >> 17) + 34;
-        * however, this check for formatted_offset >= 262144 is commented out
-        * because WIM chunks cannot be that large.
-        */
-       if (formatted_offset >= 262144) {
-               return (formatted_offset >> 17) + 34;
-       } else
-#endif
-       {
-               /* Note: this part here only works if:
-                *
-                *    2 <= formatted_offset < 655360
-                *
-                * It is < 655360 because the frequency of the position bases
-                * increases starting at the 655360 entry, and it is >= 2
-                * because the below calculation fails if the most significant
-                * bit is lower than the 2's place. */
-               LZX_ASSERT(2 <= formatted_offset && formatted_offset < 655360);
-               unsigned mssb_idx = bsr32(formatted_offset);
-               return (mssb_idx << 1) |
-                       ((formatted_offset >> (mssb_idx - 1)) & 1);
-       }
-}
-
-
 /* Returns the LZX position slot that corresponds to a given match offset,
- * taking into account the recent offset queue (and optionally updating it).  */
-static _always_inline_attribute unsigned
+ * taking into account the recent offset queue and updating it if the offset is
+ * found in it.  */
+static unsigned
 lzx_get_position_slot(unsigned offset, struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
 {
        unsigned position_slot;
@@ -542,9 +368,9 @@ lzx_get_position_slot(unsigned offset, struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
                         * LRU queue because repeat matches are simply
                         * swapped to the front.  */
                        swap(queue->R[0], queue->R[i]);
-                       /* For recent offsets, the position slot is simply the
-                        * index of the entry in the queue.  */
 
+                       /* The resulting position slot is simply the first index
+                        * at which the offset was found in the queue.  */
                        return i;
                }
        }
@@ -566,9 +392,10 @@ lzx_get_position_slot(unsigned offset, struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
  * a set of tables that map symbols to codewords and codeword lengths.  */
 static void
 lzx_make_huffman_codes(const struct lzx_freqs *freqs,
-                      struct lzx_codes *codes)
+                      struct lzx_codes *codes,
+                      unsigned num_main_syms)
 {
-       make_canonical_huffman_code(LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS,
+       make_canonical_huffman_code(num_main_syms,
                                    LZX_MAX_MAIN_CODEWORD_LEN,
                                    freqs->main,
                                    codes->lens.main,
@@ -588,13 +415,18 @@ lzx_make_huffman_codes(const struct lzx_freqs *freqs,
 }
 
 /*
- * Output an LZX match.
- *
- * @out:         The bitstream to write the match to.
- * @block_type:  The type of the LZX block (LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM)
- * @match:      The match.
- * @codes:      Pointer to a structure that contains the codewords for the
- *              main, length, and aligned offset Huffman codes.
+ * Output a precomputed LZX match.
+ *
+ * @out:
+ *     The bitstream to which to write the match.
+ * @block_type:
+ *     The type of the LZX block (LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or
+ *     LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM)
+ * @match:
+ *     The match, as a (length, offset) pair.
+ * @codes:
+ *     Pointer to a structure that contains the codewords for the main, length,
+ *     and aligned offset Huffman codes for the current LZX compressed block.
  */
 static void
 lzx_write_match(struct output_bitstream *out, int block_type,
@@ -624,16 +456,13 @@ lzx_write_match(struct output_bitstream *out, int block_type,
         * MIN_MATCH_LEN. */
        if (match_len_minus_2 < LZX_NUM_PRIMARY_LENS) {
                len_header = match_len_minus_2;
-               /* No length footer-- mark it with a special
-                * value. */
-               len_footer = (unsigned)(-1);
        } else {
                len_header = LZX_NUM_PRIMARY_LENS;
                len_footer = match_len_minus_2 - LZX_NUM_PRIMARY_LENS;
        }
 
        /* Combine the position slot with the length header into a single symbol
-        * that will be encoded with the main tree.
+        * that will be encoded with the main code.
         *
         * The actual main symbol is offset by LZX_NUM_CHARS because values
         * under LZX_NUM_CHARS are used to indicate a literal byte rather than a
@@ -646,16 +475,15 @@ lzx_write_match(struct output_bitstream *out, int block_type,
 
        /* If there is a length footer, output it using the
         * length Huffman code. */
-       if (len_footer != (unsigned)(-1)) {
+       if (len_header == LZX_NUM_PRIMARY_LENS)
                bitstream_put_bits(out, codes->codewords.len[len_footer],
                                   codes->lens.len[len_footer]);
-       }
 
        num_extra_bits = lzx_get_num_extra_bits(position_slot);
 
        /* For aligned offset blocks with at least 3 extra bits, output the
         * verbatim bits literally, then the aligned bits encoded using the
-        * aligned offset tree.  Otherwise, only the verbatim bits need to be
+        * aligned offset code.  Otherwise, only the verbatim bits need to be
         * output. */
        if ((block_type == LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED) && (num_extra_bits >= 3)) {
 
@@ -674,14 +502,24 @@ lzx_write_match(struct output_bitstream *out, int block_type,
        }
 }
 
+/* Output an LZX literal (encoded with the main Huffman code).  */
+static void
+lzx_write_literal(struct output_bitstream *out, u8 literal,
+                 const struct lzx_codes *codes)
+{
+       bitstream_put_bits(out,
+                          codes->codewords.main[literal],
+                          codes->lens.main[literal]);
+}
+
 static unsigned
 lzx_build_precode(const u8 lens[restrict],
                  const u8 prev_lens[restrict],
                  const unsigned num_syms,
-                 freq_t precode_freqs[restrict LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS],
+                 input_idx_t precode_freqs[restrict LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS],
                  u8 output_syms[restrict num_syms],
                  u8 precode_lens[restrict LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS],
-                 u16 precode_codewords[restrict LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS],
+                 u32 precode_codewords[restrict LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS],
                  unsigned *num_additional_bits_ret)
 {
        memset(precode_freqs, 0,
@@ -694,7 +532,7 @@ lzx_build_precode(const u8 lens[restrict],
         * literally.
         *
         * output_syms[] will be filled in with the length symbols that will be
-        * output, including RLE codes, not yet encoded using the pre-tree.
+        * output, including RLE codes, not yet encoded using the precode.
         *
         * cur_run_len keeps track of how many code word lengths are in the
         * current run of identical lengths.  */
@@ -760,7 +598,7 @@ lzx_build_precode(const u8 lens[restrict],
                         *
                         * The extra length symbol is encoded as a difference
                         * from the length of the codeword for the first symbol
-                        * in the run in the previous tree.
+                        * in the run in the previous code.
                         * */
                        while (cur_run_len >= 4) {
                                unsigned additional_bits;
@@ -783,7 +621,7 @@ lzx_build_precode(const u8 lens[restrict],
 
                /* Any remaining lengths in the run are outputted without RLE,
                 * as a difference from the length of that codeword in the
-                * previous tree. */
+                * previous code. */
                while (cur_run_len > 0) {
                        signed char delta;
 
@@ -813,23 +651,33 @@ lzx_build_precode(const u8 lens[restrict],
 }
 
 /*
- * Writes a compressed Huffman code to the output, preceded by the precode for
- * it.
- *
- * The Huffman code is represented in the output as a series of path lengths
- * from which the canonical Huffman code can be reconstructed.  The path lengths
- * themselves are compressed using a separate Huffman code, the precode, which
- * consists of LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS (= 20) symbols that cover all possible
- * code lengths, plus extra codes for repeated lengths.  The path lengths of the
- * precode precede the path lengths of the larger code and are uncompressed,
- * consisting of 20 entries of 4 bits each.
- *
- * @out:               Bitstream to write the code to.
- * @lens:              The code lengths for the Huffman code, indexed by symbol.
- * @prev_lens:         Code lengths for this Huffman code, indexed by symbol,
- *                     in the *previous block*, or all zeroes if this is the
- *                     first block.
- * @num_syms:          The number of symbols in the code.
+ * Output a Huffman code in the compressed form used in LZX.
+ *
+ * The Huffman code is represented in the output as a logical series of codeword
+ * lengths from which the Huffman code, which must be in canonical form, can be
+ * reconstructed.
+ *
+ * The codeword lengths are themselves compressed using a separate Huffman code,
+ * the "precode", which contains a symbol for each possible codeword length in
+ * the larger code as well as several special symbols to represent repeated
+ * codeword lengths (a form of run-length encoding).  The precode is itself
+ * constructed in canonical form, and its codeword lengths are represented
+ * literally in 20 4-bit fields that immediately precede the compressed codeword
+ * lengths of the larger code.
+ *
+ * Furthermore, the codeword lengths of the larger code are actually represented
+ * as deltas from the codeword lengths of the corresponding code in the previous
+ * block.
+ *
+ * @out:
+ *     Bitstream to which to write the compressed Huffman code.
+ * @lens:
+ *     The codeword lengths, indexed by symbol, in the Huffman code.
+ * @prev_lens:
+ *     The codeword lengths, indexed by symbol, in the corresponding Huffman
+ *     code in the previous block, or all zeroes if this is the first block.
+ * @num_syms:
+ *     The number of symbols in the Huffman code.
  */
 static void
 lzx_write_compressed_code(struct output_bitstream *out,
@@ -837,10 +685,10 @@ lzx_write_compressed_code(struct output_bitstream *out,
                          const u8 prev_lens[restrict],
                          unsigned num_syms)
 {
-       freq_t precode_freqs[LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       input_idx_t precode_freqs[LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
        u8 output_syms[num_syms];
        u8 precode_lens[LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
-       u16 precode_codewords[LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
+       u32 precode_codewords[LZX_PRECODE_NUM_SYMBOLS];
        unsigned i;
        unsigned num_output_syms;
        u8 precode_sym;
@@ -888,20 +736,22 @@ lzx_write_compressed_code(struct output_bitstream *out,
 }
 
 /*
- * Writes all compressed matches and literal bytes in an LZX block to the the
- * output bitstream.
+ * Write all matches and literal bytes (which were precomputed) in an LZX
+ * compressed block to the output bitstream in the final compressed
+ * representation.
  *
  * @ostream
  *     The output bitstream.
  * @block_type
- *     The type of the block (LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM).
+ *     The chosen type of the LZX compressed block (LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or
+ *     LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM).
  * @match_tab
- *     The array of matches/literals that will be output (length @match_count).
+ *     The array of matches/literals to output.
  * @match_count
- *     Number of matches/literals to be output.
+ *     Number of matches/literals to output (length of @match_tab).
  * @codes
- *     Pointer to a structure that contains the codewords for the main, length,
- *     and aligned offset Huffman codes.
+ *     The main, length, and aligned offset Huffman codes for the current
+ *     LZX compressed block.
  */
 static void
 lzx_write_matches_and_literals(struct output_bitstream *ostream,
@@ -913,28 +763,23 @@ lzx_write_matches_and_literals(struct output_bitstream *ostream,
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < match_count; i++) {
                struct lzx_match match = match_tab[i];
 
-               /* High bit of the match indicates whether the match is an
-                * actual match (1) or a literal uncompressed byte (0)  */
-               if (match.data & 0x80000000) {
-                       /* match */
-                       lzx_write_match(ostream, block_type,
-                                       match, codes);
-               } else {
-                       /* literal byte */
-                       bitstream_put_bits(ostream,
-                                          codes->codewords.main[match.data],
-                                          codes->lens.main[match.data]);
-               }
+               /* The high bit of the 32-bit intermediate representation
+                * indicates whether the item is an actual LZ-style match (1) or
+                * a literal byte (0).  */
+               if (match.data & 0x80000000)
+                       lzx_write_match(ostream, block_type, match, codes);
+               else
+                       lzx_write_literal(ostream, match.data, codes);
        }
 }
 
 static void
-lzx_assert_codes_valid(const struct lzx_codes * codes)
+lzx_assert_codes_valid(const struct lzx_codes * codes, unsigned num_main_syms)
 {
 #ifdef ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG
        unsigned i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
+       for (i = 0; i < num_main_syms; i++)
                LZX_ASSERT(codes->lens.main[i] <= LZX_MAX_MAIN_CODEWORD_LEN);
 
        for (i = 0; i < LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
@@ -945,10 +790,10 @@ lzx_assert_codes_valid(const struct lzx_codes * codes)
 
        const unsigned tablebits = 10;
        u16 decode_table[(1 << tablebits) +
-                        (2 * max(LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS, LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS))]
+                        (2 * max(num_main_syms, LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS))]
                         _aligned_attribute(DECODE_TABLE_ALIGNMENT);
        LZX_ASSERT(0 == make_huffman_decode_table(decode_table,
-                                                 LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS,
+                                                 num_main_syms,
                                                  min(tablebits, LZX_MAINCODE_TABLEBITS),
                                                  codes->lens.main,
                                                  LZX_MAX_MAIN_CODEWORD_LEN));
@@ -969,6 +814,8 @@ lzx_assert_codes_valid(const struct lzx_codes * codes)
 static void
 lzx_write_compressed_block(int block_type,
                           unsigned block_size,
+                          unsigned max_window_size,
+                          unsigned num_main_syms,
                           struct lzx_match * chosen_matches,
                           unsigned num_chosen_matches,
                           const struct lzx_codes * codes,
@@ -979,27 +826,41 @@ lzx_write_compressed_block(int block_type,
 
        LZX_ASSERT(block_type == LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED ||
                   block_type == LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM);
-       LZX_ASSERT(block_size <= LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE);
-       LZX_ASSERT(num_chosen_matches <= LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE);
-       lzx_assert_codes_valid(codes);
+       lzx_assert_codes_valid(codes, num_main_syms);
 
        /* The first three bits indicate the type of block and are one of the
         * LZX_BLOCKTYPE_* constants.  */
-       bitstream_put_bits(ostream, block_type, LZX_BLOCKTYPE_NBITS);
+       bitstream_put_bits(ostream, block_type, 3);
 
-       /* The next bit indicates whether the block size is the default (32768),
-        * indicated by a 1 bit, or whether the block size is given by the next
-        * 16 bits, indicated by a 0 bit.  */
+       /* Output the block size.
+        *
+        * The original LZX format seemed to always encode the block size in 3
+        * bytes.  However, the implementation in WIMGAPI, as used in WIM files,
+        * uses the first bit to indicate whether the block is the default size
+        * (32768) or a different size given explicitly by the next 16 bits.
+        *
+        * By default, this compressor uses a window size of 32768 and therefore
+        * follows the WIMGAPI behavior.  However, this compressor also supports
+        * window sizes greater than 32768 bytes, which do not appear to be
+        * supported by WIMGAPI.  In such cases, we retain the default size bit
+        * to mean a size of 32768 bytes but output non-default block size in 24
+        * bits rather than 16.  The compatibility of this behavior is unknown
+        * because WIMs created with chunk size greater than 32768 can seemingly
+        * only be opened by wimlib anyway.  */
        if (block_size == LZX_DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE) {
                bitstream_put_bits(ostream, 1, 1);
        } else {
                bitstream_put_bits(ostream, 0, 1);
-               bitstream_put_bits(ostream, block_size, LZX_BLOCKSIZE_NBITS);
+
+               if (max_window_size >= 65536)
+                       bitstream_put_bits(ostream, block_size >> 16, 8);
+
+               bitstream_put_bits(ostream, block_size, 16);
        }
 
        /* Write out lengths of the main code. Note that the LZX specification
         * incorrectly states that the aligned offset code comes after the
-        * length code, but in fact it is the very first tree to be written
+        * length code, but in fact it is the very first code to be written
         * (before the main code).  */
        if (block_type == LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED)
                for (i = 0; i < LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
@@ -1008,23 +869,23 @@ lzx_write_compressed_block(int block_type,
 
        LZX_DEBUG("Writing main code...");
 
-       /* Write the pre-tree and lengths for the first LZX_NUM_CHARS symbols in
+       /* Write the precode and lengths for the first LZX_NUM_CHARS symbols in
         * the main code, which are the codewords for literal bytes.  */
        lzx_write_compressed_code(ostream,
                                  codes->lens.main,
                                  prev_codes->lens.main,
                                  LZX_NUM_CHARS);
 
-       /* Write the pre-tree and lengths for the rest of the main code, which
+       /* Write the precode and lengths for the rest of the main code, which
         * are the codewords for match headers.  */
        lzx_write_compressed_code(ostream,
                                  codes->lens.main + LZX_NUM_CHARS,
                                  prev_codes->lens.main + LZX_NUM_CHARS,
-                                 LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS - LZX_NUM_CHARS);
+                                 num_main_syms - LZX_NUM_CHARS);
 
        LZX_DEBUG("Writing length code...");
 
-       /* Write the pre-tree and lengths for the length code.  */
+       /* Write the precode and lengths for the length code.  */
        lzx_write_compressed_code(ostream,
                                  codes->lens.len,
                                  prev_codes->lens.len,
@@ -1044,6 +905,7 @@ lzx_write_compressed_block(int block_type,
 static void
 lzx_write_all_blocks(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, struct output_bitstream *ostream)
 {
+
        const struct lzx_codes *prev_codes = &ctx->zero_codes;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < ctx->num_blocks; i++) {
                const struct lzx_block_spec *spec = &ctx->block_specs[i];
@@ -1055,11 +917,14 @@ lzx_write_all_blocks(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, struct output_bitstream *ostrea
 
                lzx_write_compressed_block(spec->block_type,
                                           spec->block_size,
+                                          ctx->max_window_size,
+                                          ctx->num_main_syms,
                                           &ctx->chosen_matches[spec->chosen_matches_start_pos],
                                           spec->num_chosen_matches,
                                           &spec->codes,
                                           prev_codes,
                                           ostream);
+
                prev_codes = &spec->codes;
        }
 }
@@ -1067,13 +932,10 @@ lzx_write_all_blocks(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, struct output_bitstream *ostrea
 /* Constructs an LZX match from a literal byte and updates the main code symbol
  * frequencies.  */
 static u32
-lzx_record_literal(u8 literal, void *_freqs)
+lzx_tally_literal(u8 lit, struct lzx_freqs *freqs)
 {
-       struct lzx_freqs *freqs = _freqs;
-
-       freqs->main[literal]++;
-
-       return (u32)literal;
+       freqs->main[lit]++;
+       return (u32)lit;
 }
 
 /* Constructs an LZX match from an offset and a length, and updates the LRU
@@ -1081,11 +943,9 @@ lzx_record_literal(u8 literal, void *_freqs)
  * alphabets.  The return value is a 32-bit number that provides the match in an
  * intermediate representation documented below.  */
 static u32
-lzx_record_match(unsigned match_offset, unsigned match_len,
-                void *_freqs, void *_queue)
+lzx_tally_match(unsigned match_len, unsigned match_offset,
+               struct lzx_freqs *freqs, struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
 {
-       struct lzx_freqs *freqs = _freqs;
-       struct lzx_lru_queue *queue = _queue;
        unsigned position_slot;
        unsigned position_footer;
        u32 len_header;
@@ -1134,34 +994,46 @@ lzx_record_match(unsigned match_offset, unsigned match_len,
                freqs->aligned[position_footer & 7]++;
 
        /* Pack the position slot, position footer, and match length into an
-        * intermediate representation.
-        *
-        * bits    description
-        * ----    -----------------------------------------------------------
-        *
-        * 31      1 if a match, 0 if a literal.
-        *
-        * 30-25   position slot.  This can be at most 50, so it will fit in 6
-        *         bits.
-        *
-        * 8-24    position footer.  This is the offset of the real formatted
-        *         offset from the position base.  This can be at most 17 bits
-        *         (since lzx_extra_bits[LZX_NUM_POSITION_SLOTS - 1] is 17).
-        *
-        * 0-7     length of match, offset by 2.  This can be at most
-        *         (LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN - 2) == 255, so it will fit in 8 bits.  */
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_NUM_POSITION_SLOTS > 64);
-       LZX_ASSERT(lzx_get_num_extra_bits(LZX_NUM_POSITION_SLOTS - 1) <= 17);
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN - LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN + 1 > 256);
+        * intermediate representation.  See `struct lzx_match' for details.
+        */
+       LZX_ASSERT(LZX_MAX_POSITION_SLOTS <= 64);
+       LZX_ASSERT(lzx_get_num_extra_bits(LZX_MAX_POSITION_SLOTS - 1) <= 17);
+       LZX_ASSERT(LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN - LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN + 1 <= 256);
+
+       LZX_ASSERT(position_slot      <= (1U << (31 - 25)) - 1);
+       LZX_ASSERT(position_footer    <= (1U << (25 -  8)) - 1);
+       LZX_ASSERT(adjusted_match_len <= (1U << (8  -  0)) - 1);
        return 0x80000000 |
                (position_slot << 25) |
                (position_footer << 8) |
                (adjusted_match_len);
 }
 
+struct lzx_record_ctx {
+       struct lzx_freqs freqs;
+       struct lzx_lru_queue queue;
+       struct lzx_match *matches;
+};
+
+static void
+lzx_record_match(unsigned len, unsigned offset, void *_ctx)
+{
+       struct lzx_record_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       (ctx->matches++)->data = lzx_tally_match(len, offset, &ctx->freqs, &ctx->queue);
+}
+
+static void
+lzx_record_literal(u8 lit, void *_ctx)
+{
+       struct lzx_record_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       (ctx->matches++)->data = lzx_tally_literal(lit, &ctx->freqs);
+}
+
 /* Returns the cost, in bits, to output a literal byte using the specified cost
  * model.  */
-static sym_cost_t
+static unsigned
 lzx_literal_cost(u8 c, const struct lzx_costs * costs)
 {
        return costs->main[c];
@@ -1172,18 +1044,18 @@ lzx_literal_cost(u8 c, const struct lzx_costs * costs)
  * codes, return the approximate number of bits it will take to represent this
  * match in the compressed output.  Take into account the match offset LRU
  * queue and optionally update it.  */
-static sym_cost_t
+static unsigned
 lzx_match_cost(unsigned length, unsigned offset, const struct lzx_costs *costs,
               struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
 {
        unsigned position_slot;
        unsigned len_header, main_symbol;
-       sym_cost_t cost = 0;
+       unsigned cost = 0;
 
        position_slot = lzx_get_position_slot(offset, queue);
 
        len_header = min(length - LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN, LZX_NUM_PRIMARY_LENS);
-       main_symbol = (position_slot << 3) | len_header | LZX_NUM_CHARS;
+       main_symbol = ((position_slot << 3) | len_header) + LZX_NUM_CHARS;
 
        /* Account for main symbol.  */
        cost += costs->main[main_symbol];
@@ -1205,16 +1077,20 @@ lzx_match_cost(unsigned length, unsigned offset, const struct lzx_costs *costs,
 
 }
 
-/* Very fast heuristic cost evaluation to use in the inner loop of the
- * match-finder.  */
-static sym_cost_t
-lzx_match_cost_fast(unsigned offset, const struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
+/* Fast heuristic cost evaluation to use in the inner loop of the match-finder.
+ * Unlike lzx_match_cost() which does a true cost evaluation, this simply
+ * prioritize matches based on their offset.  */
+static input_idx_t
+lzx_match_cost_fast(input_idx_t length, input_idx_t offset, const void *_queue)
 {
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < LZX_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS; i++)
+       const struct lzx_lru_queue *queue = _queue;
+
+       /* It seems well worth it to take the time to give priority to recently
+        * used offsets.  */
+       for (input_idx_t i = 0; i < LZX_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS; i++)
                if (offset == queue->R[i])
                        return i;
 
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE >= (sym_cost_t)~0U);
        return offset;
 }
 
@@ -1231,9 +1107,10 @@ static void
 lzx_set_costs(struct lzx_compressor * ctx, const struct lzx_lens * lens)
 {
        unsigned i;
+       unsigned num_main_syms = ctx->num_main_syms;
 
        /* Main code  */
-       for (i = 0; i < LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < num_main_syms; i++) {
                ctx->costs.main[i] = lens->main[i];
                if (ctx->costs.main[i] == 0)
                        ctx->costs.main[i] = ctx->params.alg_params.slow.main_nostat_cost;
@@ -1254,244 +1131,10 @@ lzx_set_costs(struct lzx_compressor * ctx, const struct lzx_lens * lens)
        }
 }
 
-/* Advance the suffix array match-finder to the next position.  */
-static void
-lzx_lz_update_salink(input_idx_t i,
-                    const input_idx_t SA[restrict],
-                    const input_idx_t ISA[restrict],
-                    struct salink link[restrict])
-{
-       /* r = Rank of the suffix at the current position.  */
-       const input_idx_t r = ISA[i];
-
-       /* next = rank of LOWEST ranked suffix that is ranked HIGHER than the
-        * current suffix AND has a LOWER position, or -1 if none exists.  */
-       const input_idx_t next = link[r].next;
-
-       /* prev = rank of HIGHEST ranked suffix that is ranked LOWER than the
-        * current suffix AND has a LOWER position, or -1 if none exists.  */
-       const input_idx_t prev = link[r].prev;
-
-       /* Link the suffix at the current position into the linked list that
-        * contains all suffixes in the suffix array that are appear at or
-        * before the current position, sorted by rank.
-        *
-        * Save the values of all fields we overwrite so that rollback is
-        * possible.  */
-       if (next != (input_idx_t)~0U) {
-
-               link[next].prev = r;
-               link[next].lcpprev = link[r].lcpnext;
-       }
-
-       if (prev != (input_idx_t)~0U) {
-
-               link[prev].next = r;
-               link[prev].lcpnext = link[r].lcpprev;
-       }
-}
-
-/* Rewind the suffix array match-finder to the specified position.
- *
- * This undoes a series of updates by lzx_lz_update_salink().  */
-static void
-lzx_lz_rewind_matchfinder(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
-                         const unsigned orig_pos)
-{
-       LZX_DEBUG("Rewind match-finder %u => %u", ctx->match_window_pos, orig_pos);
-
-       if (ctx->match_window_pos == orig_pos)
-               return;
-
-       LZX_ASSERT(ctx->match_window_pos > orig_pos);
-       LZX_ASSERT(orig_pos == 0);
-       ctx->matches_cached = true;
-       ctx->cached_matches_pos = 0;
-       ctx->match_window_pos = orig_pos;
-}
-
-/*
- * Use the suffix array match-finder to retrieve a list of LZ matches at the
- * current position.
- *
- * [in]    @i          Current position in the window.
- * [in]    @SA         Suffix array for the window.
- * [in]    @ISA                Inverse suffix array for the window.
- * [inout] @link       Suffix array links used internally by the match-finder.
- * [out]   @matches    The (length, offset) pairs of the resulting matches will
- *                             be written here, sorted in decreasing order by
- *                             length.  All returned lengths will be unique.
- * [in]    @queue      Recently used match offsets, used when evaluating the
- *                             cost of matches.
- * [in]           @min_match_len       Minimum match length to return.
- * [in]           @max_matches_to_consider     Maximum number of matches to consider at
- *                                     the position.
- * [in]           @max_matches_to_return       Maximum number of matches to return.
- *
- * The return value is the number of matches found and written to @matches.
- */
-static unsigned
-lzx_lz_get_matches(const input_idx_t i,
-                  const input_idx_t SA[const restrict],
-                  const input_idx_t ISA[const restrict],
-                  struct salink link[const restrict],
-                  struct raw_match matches[const restrict],
-                  const struct lzx_lru_queue * const restrict queue,
-                  const unsigned min_match_len,
-                  const uint32_t max_matches_to_consider,
-                  const uint32_t max_matches_to_return)
-{
-       /* r = Rank of the suffix at the current position.  */
-       const input_idx_t r = ISA[i];
-
-       /* Prepare for searching the current position.  */
-       lzx_lz_update_salink(i, SA, ISA, link);
-
-       /* L = rank of next suffix to the left;
-        * R = rank of next suffix to the right;
-        * lenL = length of match between current position and the suffix with rank L;
-        * lenR = length of match between current position and the suffix with rank R.
-        *
-        * This is left and right relative to the rank of the current suffix.
-        * Since the suffixes in the suffix array are sorted, the longest
-        * matches are immediately to the left and right (using the linked list
-        * to ignore all suffixes that occur later in the window).  The match
-        * length decreases the farther left and right we go.  We shall keep the
-        * length on both sides in sync in order to choose the lowest-cost match
-        * of each length.
-        */
-       input_idx_t L = link[r].prev;
-       input_idx_t R = link[r].next;
-       input_idx_t lenL = link[r].lcpprev;
-       input_idx_t lenR = link[r].lcpnext;
-
-       /* nmatches = number of matches found so far.  */
-       unsigned nmatches = 0;
-
-       /* best_cost = cost of lowest-cost match found so far.
-        *
-        * We keep track of this so that we can ignore shorter matches that do
-        * not have lower costs than a longer matches already found.
-        */
-       sym_cost_t best_cost = INFINITE_SYM_COST;
-
-       /* count_remaining = maximum number of possible matches remaining to be
-        * considered.  */
-       uint32_t count_remaining = max_matches_to_consider;
-
-       /* pending = match currently being considered for a specific length.  */
-       struct raw_match pending;
-
-       while (lenL >= min_match_len || lenR >= min_match_len)
-       {
-               pending.len = lenL;
-               pending.offset = (input_idx_t)~0U;
-               sym_cost_t pending_cost = INFINITE_SYM_COST;
-               sym_cost_t cost;
-
-               /* Extend left.  */
-               if (lenL >= min_match_len && lenL >= lenR) {
-                       for (;;) {
-
-                               if (--count_remaining == 0)
-                                       goto out_save_pending;
-
-                               input_idx_t offset = i - SA[L];
-
-                               /* Save match if it has smaller cost.  */
-                               cost = lzx_match_cost_fast(offset, queue);
-                               if (cost < pending_cost) {
-                                       pending.offset = offset;
-                                       pending_cost = cost;
-                               }
-
-                               if (link[L].lcpprev < lenL) {
-                                       /* Match length decreased.  */
-
-                                       lenL = link[L].lcpprev;
-
-                                       /* Save the pending match unless the
-                                        * right side still may have matches of
-                                        * this length to be scanned, or if a
-                                        * previous (longer) match had lower
-                                        * cost.  */
-                                       if (pending.len > lenR) {
-                                               if (pending_cost < best_cost) {
-                                                       best_cost = pending_cost;
-                                                       matches[nmatches++] = pending;
-                                                       if (nmatches == max_matches_to_return)
-                                                               return nmatches;
-                                               }
-                                               pending.len = lenL;
-                                               pending.offset = (input_idx_t)~0U;
-                                               pending_cost = INFINITE_SYM_COST;
-                                       }
-                                       if (lenL < min_match_len || lenL < lenR)
-                                               break;
-                               }
-                               L = link[L].prev;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               pending.len = lenR;
-
-               /* Extend right.  */
-               if (lenR >= min_match_len && lenR > lenL) {
-                       for (;;) {
-
-                               if (--count_remaining == 0)
-                                       goto out_save_pending;
-
-                               input_idx_t offset = i - SA[R];
-
-                               /* Save match if it has smaller cost.  */
-                               cost = lzx_match_cost_fast(offset, queue);
-                               if (cost < pending_cost) {
-                                       pending.offset = offset;
-                                       pending_cost = cost;
-                               }
-
-                               if (link[R].lcpnext < lenR) {
-                                       /* Match length decreased.  */
-
-                                       lenR = link[R].lcpnext;
-
-                                       /* Save the pending match unless a
-                                        * previous (longer) match had lower
-                                        * cost.  */
-                                       if (pending_cost < best_cost) {
-                                               matches[nmatches++] = pending;
-                                               best_cost = pending_cost;
-                                               if (nmatches == max_matches_to_return)
-                                                       return nmatches;
-                                       }
-
-                                       if (lenR < min_match_len || lenR <= lenL)
-                                               break;
-
-                                       pending.len = lenR;
-                                       pending.offset = (input_idx_t)~0U;
-                                       pending_cost = INFINITE_SYM_COST;
-                               }
-                               R = link[R].next;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-       goto out;
-
-out_save_pending:
-       if (pending.offset != (input_idx_t)~0U)
-               matches[nmatches++] = pending;
-
-out:
-       return nmatches;
-}
-
-
 /* Tell the match-finder to skip the specified number of bytes (@n) in the
  * input.  */
 static void
-lzx_lz_skip_bytes(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, unsigned n)
+lzx_lz_skip_bytes(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, input_idx_t n)
 {
        LZX_ASSERT(n <= ctx->match_window_end - ctx->match_window_pos);
        if (ctx->matches_cached) {
@@ -1503,22 +1146,23 @@ lzx_lz_skip_bytes(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, unsigned n)
        } else {
                while (n--) {
                        ctx->cached_matches[ctx->cached_matches_pos++].len = 0;
-                       lzx_lz_update_salink(ctx->match_window_pos++, ctx->SA,
-                                            ctx->ISA, ctx->salink);
+                       lz_sarray_skip_position(&ctx->lz_sarray);
+                       ctx->match_window_pos++;
                }
+               LZX_ASSERT(lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) == ctx->match_window_pos);
        }
 }
 
 /* Retrieve a list of matches available at the next position in the input.
  *
- * The matches are written to ctx->matches in decreasing order of length, and
- * the return value is the number of matches found.  */
-static unsigned
+ * A pointer to the matches array is written into @matches_ret, and the return
+ * value is the number of matches found.  */
+static u32
 lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
                           const struct lzx_lru_queue *queue,
                           struct raw_match **matches_ret)
 {
-       unsigned num_matches;
+       u32 num_matches;
        struct raw_match *matches;
 
        LZX_ASSERT(ctx->match_window_pos <= ctx->match_window_end);
@@ -1528,24 +1172,11 @@ lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
        if (ctx->matches_cached) {
                num_matches = matches[-1].len;
        } else {
-               unsigned min_match_len = LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN;
-               if (min_match_len <= 2 && !ctx->params.alg_params.slow.use_len2_matches)
-                       min_match_len = 3;
-               const uint32_t max_search_depth = ctx->params.alg_params.slow.max_search_depth;
-               const uint32_t max_matches_per_pos = ctx->params.alg_params.slow.max_matches_per_pos;
-
-               if (unlikely(max_search_depth == 0 || max_matches_per_pos == 0))
-                       num_matches = 0;
-               else
-                       num_matches = lzx_lz_get_matches(ctx->match_window_pos,
-                                                        ctx->SA,
-                                                        ctx->ISA,
-                                                        ctx->salink,
-                                                        matches,
-                                                        queue,
-                                                        min_match_len,
-                                                        max_search_depth,
-                                                        max_matches_per_pos);
+               LZX_ASSERT(lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) == ctx->match_window_pos);
+               num_matches = lz_sarray_get_matches(&ctx->lz_sarray,
+                                                   matches,
+                                                   lzx_match_cost_fast,
+                                                   queue);
                matches[-1].len = num_matches;
        }
        ctx->cached_matches_pos += num_matches + 1;
@@ -1555,7 +1186,7 @@ lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
         * if it is not the whole window.  */
        if (ctx->match_window_end < ctx->window_size) {
                unsigned maxlen = ctx->match_window_end - ctx->match_window_pos;
-               for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_matches; i++)
+               for (u32 i = 0; i < num_matches; i++)
                        if (matches[i].len > maxlen)
                                matches[i].len = maxlen;
        }
@@ -1567,7 +1198,7 @@ lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
 #endif
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_matches; i++) {
+       for (u32 i = 0; i < num_matches; i++) {
                LZX_ASSERT(matches[i].len >= LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN);
                LZX_ASSERT(matches[i].len <= LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN);
                LZX_ASSERT(matches[i].len <= ctx->match_window_end - ctx->match_window_pos);
@@ -1583,280 +1214,61 @@ lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
        return num_matches;
 }
 
-/*
- * Reverse the linked list of near-optimal matches so that they can be returned
- * in forwards order.
- *
- * Returns the first match in the list.
- */
-static struct raw_match
-lzx_lz_reverse_near_optimal_match_list(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
-                                      unsigned cur_pos)
+static u32
+lzx_get_prev_literal_cost(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
+                         struct lzx_lru_queue *queue)
 {
-       unsigned prev_link, saved_prev_link;
-       unsigned prev_match_offset, saved_prev_match_offset;
-
-       ctx->optimum_end_idx = cur_pos;
-
-       saved_prev_link = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].prev.link;
-       saved_prev_match_offset = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].prev.match_offset;
-
-       do {
-               prev_link = saved_prev_link;
-               prev_match_offset = saved_prev_match_offset;
-
-               saved_prev_link = ctx->optimum[prev_link].prev.link;
-               saved_prev_match_offset = ctx->optimum[prev_link].prev.match_offset;
-
-               ctx->optimum[prev_link].next.link = cur_pos;
-               ctx->optimum[prev_link].next.match_offset = prev_match_offset;
-
-               cur_pos = prev_link;
-       } while (cur_pos != 0);
-
-       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = ctx->optimum[0].next.link;
+       return lzx_literal_cost(ctx->window[ctx->match_window_pos - 1],
+                               &ctx->costs);
+}
 
-       return (struct raw_match)
-               { .len = ctx->optimum_cur_idx,
-                 .offset = ctx->optimum[0].next.match_offset,
-               };
+static u32
+lzx_get_match_cost(struct lzx_compressor *ctx,
+                  struct lzx_lru_queue *queue,
+                  input_idx_t length, input_idx_t offset)
+{
+       return lzx_match_cost(length, offset, &ctx->costs, queue);
 }
 
-/*
- * lzx_lz_get_near_optimal_match() -
- *
- * Choose the optimal match or literal to use at the next position in the input.
- *
- * Unlike a greedy parser that always takes the longest match, or even a
- * parser with one match/literal look-ahead like zlib, the algorithm used here
- * may look ahead many matches/literals to determine the optimal match/literal to
- * output next.  The motivation is that the compression ratio is improved if the
- * compressor can do things like use a shorter-than-possible match in order to
- * allow a longer match later, and also take into account the Huffman code cost
- * model rather than simply assuming that longer is better.
- *
- * Still, this is not truly an optimal parser because very long matches are
- * taken immediately.  This is done to avoid considering many different
- * alternatives that are unlikely to significantly be better.
- *
- * This algorithm is based on that used in 7-Zip's DEFLATE encoder.
- *
- * Each call to this function does one of two things:
- *
- * 1. Build a near-optimal sequence of matches/literals, up to some point, that
- *    will be returned by subsequent calls to this function, then return the
- *    first one.
- *
- * OR
- *
- * 2. Return the next match/literal previously computed by a call to this
- *    function;
- *
- * This function relies on the following state in the compressor context:
- *
- *     ctx->window          (read-only: preprocessed data being compressed)
- *     ctx->cost            (read-only: cost model to use)
- *     ctx->optimum         (internal state; leave uninitialized)
- *     ctx->optimum_cur_idx (must set to 0 before first call)
- *     ctx->optimum_end_idx (must set to 0 before first call)
- *     ctx->SA              (must be built before first call)
- *     ctx->ISA             (must be built before first call)
- *     ctx->salink          (must be built before first call)
- *     ctx->match_window_pos (must initialize to position of next match to
- *                            return; subsequent calls return subsequent
- *                            matches)
- *     ctx->match_window_end (must initialize to limit of match-finding region;
- *                            subsequent calls use the same limit)
- *
- * The return value is a (length, offset) pair specifying the match or literal
- * chosen.  For literals, the length is less than LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN and the
- * offset is meaningless.
- */
 static struct raw_match
-lzx_lz_get_near_optimal_match(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
+lzx_lz_get_near_optimal_match(struct lzx_compressor *ctx)
 {
-       unsigned num_possible_matches;
-       struct raw_match *possible_matches;
-       struct raw_match match;
-       unsigned longest_match_len;
-
-       if (ctx->optimum_cur_idx != ctx->optimum_end_idx) {
-               /* Case 2: Return the next match/literal already found.  */
-               match.len = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.link -
-                                   ctx->optimum_cur_idx;
-               match.offset = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.match_offset;
-
-               ctx->optimum_cur_idx = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.link;
-               return match;
-       }
-
-       /* Case 1:  Compute a new list of matches/literals to return.  */
-
-       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = 0;
-       ctx->optimum_end_idx = 0;
-
-       /* Get matches at this position.  */
-       num_possible_matches = lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(ctx, &ctx->queue, &possible_matches);
-
-       /* If no matches found, return literal.  */
-       if (num_possible_matches == 0)
-               return (struct raw_match){ .len = 0 };
-
-       /* The matches that were found are sorted in decreasing order by length.
-        * Get the length of the longest one.  */
-       longest_match_len = possible_matches[0].len;
-
-       /* Greedy heuristic:  if the longest match that was found is greater
-        * than the number of fast bytes, return it immediately; don't both
-        * doing more work.  */
-       if (longest_match_len > ctx->params.alg_params.slow.num_fast_bytes) {
-               lzx_lz_skip_bytes(ctx, longest_match_len - 1);
-               return possible_matches[0];
-       }
-
-       /* Calculate the cost to reach the next position by outputting a
-        * literal.  */
-       ctx->optimum[0].queue = ctx->queue;
-       ctx->optimum[1].queue = ctx->optimum[0].queue;
-       ctx->optimum[1].cost = lzx_literal_cost(ctx->window[ctx->match_window_pos],
-                                               &ctx->costs);
-       ctx->optimum[1].prev.link = 0;
-
-       /* Calculate the cost to reach any position up to and including that
-        * reached by the longest match, using the shortest (i.e. closest) match
-        * that reaches each position.  */
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN != 2);
-       for (unsigned len = LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN, match_idx = num_possible_matches - 1;
-            len <= longest_match_len; len++) {
-
-               LZX_ASSERT(match_idx < num_possible_matches);
-
-               ctx->optimum[len].queue = ctx->optimum[0].queue;
-               ctx->optimum[len].prev.link = 0;
-               ctx->optimum[len].prev.match_offset = possible_matches[match_idx].offset;
-               ctx->optimum[len].cost = lzx_match_cost(len,
-                                                       possible_matches[match_idx].offset,
-                                                       &ctx->costs,
-                                                       &ctx->optimum[len].queue);
-               if (len == possible_matches[match_idx].len)
-                       match_idx--;
-       }
-
-       unsigned cur_pos = 0;
-
-       /* len_end: greatest index forward at which costs have been calculated
-        * so far  */
-       unsigned len_end = longest_match_len;
-
-       for (;;) {
-               /* Advance to next position.  */
-               cur_pos++;
-
-               if (cur_pos == len_end || cur_pos == LZX_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE)
-                       return lzx_lz_reverse_near_optimal_match_list(ctx, cur_pos);
-
-               /* retrieve the number of matches available at this position  */
-               num_possible_matches = lzx_lz_get_matches_caching(ctx, &ctx->optimum[cur_pos].queue,
-                                                                 &possible_matches);
-
-               unsigned new_len = 0;
-
-               if (num_possible_matches != 0) {
-                       new_len = possible_matches[0].len;
-
-                       /* Greedy heuristic:  if we found a match greater than
-                        * the number of fast bytes, stop immediately.  */
-                       if (new_len > ctx->params.alg_params.slow.num_fast_bytes) {
-
-                               /* Build the list of matches to return and get
-                                * the first one.  */
-                               match = lzx_lz_reverse_near_optimal_match_list(ctx, cur_pos);
-
-                               /* Append the long match to the end of the list.  */
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.match_offset =
-                                       possible_matches[0].offset;
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.link = cur_pos + new_len;
-                               ctx->optimum_end_idx = cur_pos + new_len;
-
-                               /* Skip over the remaining bytes of the long match.  */
-                               lzx_lz_skip_bytes(ctx, new_len - 1);
-
-                               /* Return first match in the list  */
-                               return match;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               /* Consider proceeding with a literal byte.  */
-               block_cost_t cur_cost = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].cost;
-               block_cost_t cur_plus_literal_cost = cur_cost +
-                       lzx_literal_cost(ctx->window[ctx->match_window_pos - 1],
-                                        &ctx->costs);
-               if (cur_plus_literal_cost < ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].cost) {
-                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].cost = cur_plus_literal_cost;
-                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].prev.link = cur_pos;
-                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].queue = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].queue;
-               }
-
-               if (num_possible_matches == 0)
-                       continue;
-
-               /* Consider proceeding with a match.  */
-
-               while (len_end < cur_pos + new_len)
-                       ctx->optimum[++len_end].cost = INFINITE_BLOCK_COST;
-
-               for (unsigned len = LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN, match_idx = num_possible_matches - 1;
-                    len <= new_len; len++) {
-                       LZX_ASSERT(match_idx < num_possible_matches);
-                       struct lzx_lru_queue q = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].queue;
-                       block_cost_t cost = cur_cost + lzx_match_cost(len,
-                                                                     possible_matches[match_idx].offset,
-                                                                     &ctx->costs,
-                                                                     &q);
-
-                       if (cost < ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].cost) {
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].cost = cost;
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].prev.link = cur_pos;
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].prev.match_offset =
-                                               possible_matches[match_idx].offset;
-                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].queue = q;
-                       }
-
-                       if (len == possible_matches[match_idx].len)
-                               match_idx--;
-               }
-       }
+       return lz_get_near_optimal_match(&ctx->mc,
+                                        lzx_lz_get_matches_caching,
+                                        lzx_lz_skip_bytes,
+                                        lzx_get_prev_literal_cost,
+                                        lzx_get_match_cost,
+                                        ctx,
+                                        &ctx->queue);
 }
 
-/*
- * Set default symbol costs.
- */
+/* Set default symbol costs for the LZX Huffman codes.  */
 static void
-lzx_set_default_costs(struct lzx_costs * costs)
+lzx_set_default_costs(struct lzx_costs * costs, unsigned num_main_syms)
 {
        unsigned i;
 
-       /* Literal symbols  */
+       /* Main code (part 1): Literal symbols  */
        for (i = 0; i < LZX_NUM_CHARS; i++)
                costs->main[i] = 8;
 
-       /* Match header symbols  */
-       for (; i < LZX_MAINCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
+       /* Main code (part 2): Match header symbols  */
+       for (; i < num_main_syms; i++)
                costs->main[i] = 10;
 
-       /* Length symbols  */
+       /* Length code  */
        for (i = 0; i < LZX_LENCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
                costs->len[i] = 8;
 
-       /* Aligned offset symbols  */
+       /* Aligned offset code  */
        for (i = 0; i < LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++)
                costs->aligned[i] = 3;
 }
 
-/* Given the frequencies of symbols in a compressed block and the corresponding
- * Huffman codes, return LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM if an
- * aligned offset or verbatim block, respectively, will take fewer bits to
- * output.  */
+/* Given the frequencies of symbols in an LZX-compressed block and the
+ * corresponding Huffman codes, return LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED or
+ * LZX_BLOCKTYPE_VERBATIM if an aligned offset or verbatim block, respectively,
+ * will take fewer bits to output.  */
 static int
 lzx_choose_verbatim_or_aligned(const struct lzx_freqs * freqs,
                               const struct lzx_codes * codes)
@@ -1866,8 +1278,8 @@ lzx_choose_verbatim_or_aligned(const struct lzx_freqs * freqs,
 
        /* Verbatim blocks have a constant 3 bits per position footer.  Aligned
         * offset blocks have an aligned offset symbol per position footer, plus
-        * an extra 24 bits to output the lengths necessary to reconstruct the
-        * aligned offset code itself.  */
+        * an extra 24 bits per block to output the lengths necessary to
+        * reconstruct the aligned offset code itself.  */
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < LZX_ALIGNEDCODE_NUM_SYMBOLS; i++) {
                verbatim_cost += 3 * freqs->aligned[i];
                aligned_cost += codes->lens.aligned[i] * freqs->aligned[i];
@@ -1880,15 +1292,20 @@ lzx_choose_verbatim_or_aligned(const struct lzx_freqs * freqs,
 }
 
 /* Find a near-optimal sequence of matches/literals with which to output the
- * specified LZX block, and set its type to that which has the minimum cost to
- * output.  */
+ * specified LZX block, then set the block's type to that which has the minimum
+ * cost to output (either verbatim or aligned).  */
 static void
 lzx_optimize_block(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, struct lzx_block_spec *spec,
                   unsigned num_passes)
 {
-       struct lzx_lru_queue orig_queue = ctx->queue;
+       const struct lzx_lru_queue orig_queue = ctx->queue;
        struct lzx_freqs freqs;
 
+       unsigned orig_window_pos = spec->window_pos;
+       unsigned orig_cached_pos = ctx->cached_matches_pos;
+
+       LZX_ASSERT(ctx->match_window_pos == spec->window_pos);
+
        ctx->match_window_end = spec->window_pos + spec->block_size;
        spec->chosen_matches_start_pos = spec->window_pos;
 
@@ -1899,41 +1316,80 @@ lzx_optimize_block(struct lzx_compressor *ctx, struct lzx_block_spec *spec,
         * computed from the previous pass.  */
        for (unsigned pass = 0; pass < num_passes; pass++) {
 
-               lzx_lz_rewind_matchfinder(ctx, spec->window_pos);
+               ctx->match_window_pos = orig_window_pos;
+               ctx->cached_matches_pos = orig_cached_pos;
                ctx->queue = orig_queue;
                spec->num_chosen_matches = 0;
                memset(&freqs, 0, sizeof(freqs));
 
-               for (unsigned i = spec->window_pos; i < spec->window_pos + spec->block_size; ) {
+               const u8 *window_ptr = &ctx->window[spec->window_pos];
+               const u8 *window_end = &window_ptr[spec->block_size];
+               struct lzx_match *next_chosen_match =
+                       &ctx->chosen_matches[spec->chosen_matches_start_pos];
+
+               while (window_ptr != window_end) {
                        struct raw_match raw_match;
                        struct lzx_match lzx_match;
 
                        raw_match = lzx_lz_get_near_optimal_match(ctx);
                        if (raw_match.len >= LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN) {
-                               lzx_match.data = lzx_record_match(raw_match.offset, raw_match.len,
-                                                                 &freqs, &ctx->queue);
-                               i += raw_match.len;
+                               if (unlikely(raw_match.len == LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN &&
+                                            raw_match.offset == ctx->max_window_size -
+                                                                LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN))
+                               {
+                                       /* Degenerate case where the parser
+                                        * generated the minimum match length
+                                        * with the maximum offset.  There
+                                        * aren't actually enough position slots
+                                        * to represent this offset, as noted in
+                                        * the comments in
+                                        * lzx_get_num_main_syms(), so we cannot
+                                        * allow it.  Use literals instead.
+                                        *
+                                        * Note that this case only occurs if
+                                        * the match-finder can generate matches
+                                        * to the very start of the window.  The
+                                        * suffix array match-finder can,
+                                        * although typical hash chain and
+                                        * binary tree match-finders use 0 as a
+                                        * null value and therefore cannot
+                                        * generate such matches.  */
+                                       BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN != 2);
+                                       lzx_match.data = lzx_tally_literal(*window_ptr++,
+                                                                          &freqs);
+                                       *next_chosen_match++ = lzx_match;
+                                       lzx_match.data = lzx_tally_literal(*window_ptr++,
+                                                                          &freqs);
+                               } else {
+                                       lzx_match.data = lzx_tally_match(raw_match.len,
+                                                                        raw_match.offset,
+                                                                        &freqs,
+                                                                        &ctx->queue);
+                                       window_ptr += raw_match.len;
+                               }
                        } else {
-                               lzx_match.data = lzx_record_literal(ctx->window[i], &freqs);
-                               i += 1;
+                               lzx_match.data = lzx_tally_literal(*window_ptr++, &freqs);
                        }
-                       ctx->chosen_matches[spec->chosen_matches_start_pos +
-                                           spec->num_chosen_matches++] = lzx_match;
+                       *next_chosen_match++ = lzx_match;
                }
+               spec->num_chosen_matches = next_chosen_match -
+                                          &ctx->chosen_matches[spec->chosen_matches_start_pos];
 
-               lzx_make_huffman_codes(&freqs, &spec->codes);
+               lzx_make_huffman_codes(&freqs, &spec->codes,
+                                      ctx->num_main_syms);
                if (pass < num_passes - 1)
                        lzx_set_costs(ctx, &spec->codes.lens);
+               ctx->matches_cached = true;
        }
        spec->block_type = lzx_choose_verbatim_or_aligned(&freqs, &spec->codes);
+       ctx->matches_cached = false;
 }
 
 static void
 lzx_optimize_blocks(struct lzx_compressor *ctx)
 {
        lzx_lru_queue_init(&ctx->queue);
-       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = 0;
-       ctx->optimum_end_idx = 0;
+       lz_match_chooser_begin(&ctx->mc);
 
        const unsigned num_passes = ctx->params.alg_params.slow.num_optim_passes;
 
@@ -1941,178 +1397,30 @@ lzx_optimize_blocks(struct lzx_compressor *ctx)
                lzx_optimize_block(ctx, &ctx->block_specs[i], num_passes);
 }
 
-/* Initialize the suffix array match-finder for the specified input.  */
-static void
-lzx_lz_init_matchfinder(const u8 T[const restrict],
-                       const input_idx_t n,
-                       input_idx_t SA[const restrict],
-                       input_idx_t ISA[const restrict],
-                       input_idx_t LCP[const restrict],
-                       struct salink link[const restrict],
-                       const unsigned max_match_len)
-{
-       /* Compute SA (Suffix Array).  */
-
-       {
-               saidx_t sa[n];
-               /* ISA and link are used as temporary space.  */
-               BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE * sizeof(ISA[0]) < 256 * sizeof(saidx_t));
-               BUILD_BUG_ON(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE * 2 * sizeof(link[0]) < 256 * 256 * sizeof(saidx_t));
-               divsufsort(T, sa, n, (saidx_t*)ISA, (saidx_t*)link);
-               for (input_idx_t i = 0; i < n; i++)
-                       SA[i] = sa[i];
-       }
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG
-
-       LZX_ASSERT(n > 0);
-
-       /* Verify suffix array.  */
-       {
-               bool found[n];
-               ZERO_ARRAY(found);
-               for (input_idx_t r = 0; r < n; r++) {
-                       input_idx_t i = SA[r];
-                       LZX_ASSERT(i < n);
-                       LZX_ASSERT(!found[i]);
-                       found[i] = true;
-               }
-       }
-
-       for (input_idx_t r = 0; r < n - 1; r++) {
-
-               input_idx_t i1 = SA[r];
-               input_idx_t i2 = SA[r + 1];
-
-               input_idx_t n1 = n - i1;
-               input_idx_t n2 = n - i2;
-
-               LZX_ASSERT(memcmp(&T[i1], &T[i2], min(n1, n2)) <= 0);
-       }
-       LZX_DEBUG("Verified SA (len %u)", n);
-#endif /* ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG */
-
-       /* Compute ISA (Inverse Suffix Array)  */
-       for (input_idx_t r = 0; r < n; r++)
-               ISA[SA[r]] = r;
-
-       /* Compute LCP (longest common prefix) array.
-        *
-        * Algorithm adapted from Kasai et al. 2001: "Linear-Time
-        * Longest-Common-Prefix Computation in Suffix Arrays and Its
-        * Applications".  */
-       {
-               input_idx_t h = 0;
-               for (input_idx_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-                       input_idx_t r = ISA[i];
-                       if (r > 0) {
-                               input_idx_t j = SA[r - 1];
-
-                               input_idx_t lim = min(n - i, n - j);
-
-                               while (h < lim && T[i + h] == T[j + h])
-                                       h++;
-                               LCP[r] = h;
-                               if (h > 0)
-                                       h--;
-                       }
-               }
-       }
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG
-       /* Verify LCP array.  */
-       for (input_idx_t r = 0; r < n - 1; r++) {
-               LZX_ASSERT(ISA[SA[r]] == r);
-               LZX_ASSERT(ISA[SA[r + 1]] == r + 1);
-
-               input_idx_t i1 = SA[r];
-               input_idx_t i2 = SA[r + 1];
-               input_idx_t lcp = LCP[r + 1];
-
-               input_idx_t n1 = n - i1;
-               input_idx_t n2 = n - i2;
-
-               LZX_ASSERT(lcp <= min(n1, n2));
-
-               LZX_ASSERT(memcmp(&T[i1], &T[i2], lcp) == 0);
-               if (lcp < min(n1, n2))
-                       LZX_ASSERT(T[i1 + lcp] != T[i2 + lcp]);
-       }
-#endif /* ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG */
-
-       /* Compute salink.next and salink.lcpnext.
-        *
-        * Algorithm adapted from Crochemore et al. 2009:
-        * "LPF computation revisited".
-        *
-        * Note: we cap lcpnext to the maximum match length so that the
-        * match-finder need not worry about it later.  */
-       link[n - 1].next = (input_idx_t)~0U;
-       link[n - 1].prev = (input_idx_t)~0U;
-       link[n - 1].lcpnext = 0;
-       link[n - 1].lcpprev = 0;
-       for (input_idx_t r = n - 2; r != (input_idx_t)~0U; r--) {
-               input_idx_t t = r + 1;
-               input_idx_t l = LCP[t];
-               while (t != (input_idx_t)~0 && SA[t] > SA[r]) {
-                       l = min(l, link[t].lcpnext);
-                       t = link[t].next;
-               }
-               link[r].next = t;
-               link[r].lcpnext = min(l, max_match_len);
-               LZX_ASSERT(t == (input_idx_t)~0 || l <= n - SA[t]);
-               LZX_ASSERT(l <= n - SA[r]);
-               LZX_ASSERT(memcmp(&T[SA[r]], &T[SA[t]], l) == 0);
-       }
-
-       /* Compute salink.prev and salink.lcpprev.
-        *
-        * Algorithm adapted from Crochemore et al. 2009:
-        * "LPF computation revisited".
-        *
-        * Note: we cap lcpprev to the maximum match length so that the
-        * match-finder need not worry about it later.  */
-       link[0].prev = (input_idx_t)~0;
-       link[0].next = (input_idx_t)~0;
-       link[0].lcpprev = 0;
-       link[0].lcpnext = 0;
-       for (input_idx_t r = 1; r < n; r++) {
-               input_idx_t t = r - 1;
-               input_idx_t l = LCP[r];
-               while (t != (input_idx_t)~0 && SA[t] > SA[r]) {
-                       l = min(l, link[t].lcpprev);
-                       t = link[t].prev;
-               }
-               link[r].prev = t;
-               link[r].lcpprev = min(l, max_match_len);
-               LZX_ASSERT(t == (input_idx_t)~0 || l <= n - SA[t]);
-               LZX_ASSERT(l <= n - SA[r]);
-               LZX_ASSERT(memcmp(&T[SA[r]], &T[SA[t]], l) == 0);
-       }
-}
-
 /* Prepare the input window into one or more LZX blocks ready to be output.  */
 static void
 lzx_prepare_blocks(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
 {
        /* Initialize the match-finder.  */
-       lzx_lz_init_matchfinder(ctx->window, ctx->window_size,
-                               ctx->SA, ctx->ISA, ctx->LCP, ctx->salink,
-                               LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN);
+       lz_sarray_load_window(&ctx->lz_sarray, ctx->window, ctx->window_size);
        ctx->cached_matches_pos = 0;
        ctx->matches_cached = false;
        ctx->match_window_pos = 0;
 
        /* Set up a default cost model.  */
-       lzx_set_default_costs(&ctx->costs);
+       lzx_set_default_costs(&ctx->costs, ctx->num_main_syms);
 
-       /* Initially assume that the entire input will be one LZX block.  */
-       ctx->block_specs[0].block_type = LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED;
-       ctx->block_specs[0].window_pos = 0;
-       ctx->block_specs[0].block_size = ctx->window_size;
-       ctx->num_blocks = 1;
+       /* TODO: The compression ratio could be slightly improved by performing
+        * data-dependent block splitting instead of using fixed-size blocks.
+        * Doing so well is a computationally hard problem, however.  */
+       ctx->num_blocks = DIV_ROUND_UP(ctx->window_size, LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE);
+       for (unsigned i = 0; i < ctx->num_blocks; i++) {
+               unsigned pos = LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE * i;
+               ctx->block_specs[i].window_pos = pos;
+               ctx->block_specs[i].block_size = min(ctx->window_size - pos, LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE);
+       }
 
-       /* Perform near-optimal LZ parsing.  */
+       /* Determine sequence of matches/literals to output for each block.  */
        lzx_optimize_blocks(ctx);
 }
 
@@ -2127,9 +1435,6 @@ lzx_prepare_blocks(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
  *     ctx->window[]
  *     ctx->window_size
  *
- * Working space:
- *     ctx->queue
- *
  * Output --- the block specification and the corresponding match/literal data:
  *
  *     ctx->block_specs[]
@@ -2139,8 +1444,7 @@ lzx_prepare_blocks(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
 static void
 lzx_prepare_block_fast(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
 {
-       unsigned num_matches;
-       struct lzx_freqs freqs;
+       struct lzx_record_ctx record_ctx;
        struct lzx_block_spec *spec;
 
        /* Parameters to hash chain LZ match finder
@@ -2150,6 +1454,7 @@ lzx_prepare_block_fast(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
                 * aren't worth choosing when using greedy or lazy parsing.  */
                .min_match      = 3,
                .max_match      = LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN,
+               .max_offset     = LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE,
                .good_match     = LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN,
                .nice_match     = LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN,
                .max_chain_len  = LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN,
@@ -2158,29 +1463,28 @@ lzx_prepare_block_fast(struct lzx_compressor * ctx)
        };
 
        /* Initialize symbol frequencies and match offset LRU queue.  */
-       memset(&freqs, 0, sizeof(struct lzx_freqs));
-       lzx_lru_queue_init(&ctx->queue);
+       memset(&record_ctx.freqs, 0, sizeof(struct lzx_freqs));
+       lzx_lru_queue_init(&record_ctx.queue);
+       record_ctx.matches = ctx->chosen_matches;
 
        /* Determine series of matches/literals to output.  */
-       num_matches = lz_analyze_block(ctx->window,
-                                      ctx->window_size,
-                                      (u32*)ctx->chosen_matches,
-                                      lzx_record_match,
-                                      lzx_record_literal,
-                                      &freqs,
-                                      &ctx->queue,
-                                      &freqs,
-                                      &lzx_lz_params);
-
+       lz_analyze_block(ctx->window,
+                        ctx->window_size,
+                        lzx_record_match,
+                        lzx_record_literal,
+                        &record_ctx,
+                        &lzx_lz_params,
+                        ctx->prev_tab);
 
        /* Set up block specification.  */
        spec = &ctx->block_specs[0];
        spec->block_type = LZX_BLOCKTYPE_ALIGNED;
        spec->window_pos = 0;
        spec->block_size = ctx->window_size;
-       spec->num_chosen_matches = num_matches;
+       spec->num_chosen_matches = (record_ctx.matches - ctx->chosen_matches);
        spec->chosen_matches_start_pos = 0;
-       lzx_make_huffman_codes(&freqs, &spec->codes);
+       lzx_make_huffman_codes(&record_ctx.freqs, &spec->codes,
+                              ctx->num_main_syms);
        ctx->num_blocks = 1;
 }
 
@@ -2218,35 +1522,32 @@ do_call_insn_preprocessing(u8 data[], int size)
        }
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI unsigned
-wimlib_lzx_compress2(const void                        * const restrict uncompressed_data,
-                    unsigned                     const          uncompressed_len,
-                    void                       * const restrict compressed_data,
-                    struct wimlib_lzx_context  * const restrict lzx_ctx)
+static size_t
+lzx_compress(const void *uncompressed_data, size_t uncompressed_size,
+            void *compressed_data, size_t compressed_size_avail, void *_ctx)
 {
-       struct lzx_compressor *ctx = (struct lzx_compressor*)lzx_ctx;
+       struct lzx_compressor *ctx = _ctx;
        struct output_bitstream ostream;
-       unsigned compressed_len;
+       size_t compressed_size;
 
-       if (uncompressed_len < 100) {
+       if (uncompressed_size < 100) {
                LZX_DEBUG("Too small to bother compressing.");
                return 0;
        }
 
-       if (uncompressed_len > 32768) {
-               LZX_DEBUG("Only up to 32768 bytes of uncompressed data are supported.");
+       if (uncompressed_size > ctx->max_window_size) {
+               LZX_DEBUG("Can't compress %zu bytes using window of %u bytes!",
+                         uncompressed_size, ctx->max_window_size);
                return 0;
        }
 
-       wimlib_assert(lzx_ctx != NULL);
-
-       LZX_DEBUG("Attempting to compress %u bytes...", uncompressed_len);
+       LZX_DEBUG("Attempting to compress %zu bytes...",
+                 uncompressed_size);
 
        /* The input data must be preprocessed.  To avoid changing the original
         * input, copy it to a temporary buffer.  */
-       memcpy(ctx->window, uncompressed_data, uncompressed_len);
-       ctx->window_size = uncompressed_len;
+       memcpy(ctx->window, uncompressed_data, uncompressed_size);
+       ctx->window_size = uncompressed_size;
 
        /* This line is unnecessary; it just avoids inconsequential accesses of
         * uninitialized memory that would show up in memory-checking tools such
@@ -2270,319 +1571,311 @@ wimlib_lzx_compress2(const void                       * const restrict uncompressed_data,
        LZX_DEBUG("Writing compressed blocks...");
 
        /* Generate the compressed data.  */
-       init_output_bitstream(&ostream, compressed_data, ctx->window_size - 1);
+       init_output_bitstream(&ostream, compressed_data, compressed_size_avail);
        lzx_write_all_blocks(ctx, &ostream);
 
        LZX_DEBUG("Flushing bitstream...");
-       if (flush_output_bitstream(&ostream)) {
-               /* If the bitstream cannot be flushed, then the output space was
-                * exhausted.  */
-               LZX_DEBUG("Data did not compress to less than original length!");
+       compressed_size = flush_output_bitstream(&ostream);
+       if (compressed_size == ~(input_idx_t)0) {
+               LZX_DEBUG("Data did not compress to %zu bytes or less!",
+                         compressed_size_avail);
                return 0;
        }
 
-       /* Compute the length of the compressed data.  */
-       compressed_len = ostream.bit_output - (u8*)compressed_data;
-
-       LZX_DEBUG("Done: compressed %u => %u bytes.",
-                 uncompressed_len, compressed_len);
+       LZX_DEBUG("Done: compressed %zu => %zu bytes.",
+                 uncompressed_size, compressed_size);
 
        /* Verify that we really get the same thing back when decompressing.
-        * TODO: Disable this check by default on the slow algorithm.  */
+        * Although this could be disabled by default in all cases, it only
+        * takes around 2-3% of the running time of the slow algorithm to do the
+        * verification.  */
        if (ctx->params.algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW
        #if defined(ENABLE_LZX_DEBUG) || defined(ENABLE_VERIFY_COMPRESSION)
            || 1
        #endif
            )
        {
-               u8 buf[uncompressed_len];
-               int ret;
-
-               ret = wimlib_lzx_decompress(compressed_data, compressed_len,
-                                           buf, uncompressed_len);
-               if (ret) {
-                       ERROR("Failed to decompress data we "
-                             "compressed using LZX algorithm");
-                       wimlib_assert(0);
-                       return 0;
-               }
+               struct wimlib_decompressor *decompressor;
 
-               if (memcmp(uncompressed_data, buf, uncompressed_len)) {
-                       ERROR("Data we compressed using LZX algorithm "
-                             "didn't decompress to original");
-                       wimlib_assert(0);
-                       return 0;
+               if (0 == wimlib_create_decompressor(WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX,
+                                                   ctx->max_window_size,
+                                                   NULL,
+                                                   &decompressor))
+               {
+                       int ret;
+                       ret = wimlib_decompress(compressed_data,
+                                               compressed_size,
+                                               ctx->window,
+                                               uncompressed_size,
+                                               decompressor);
+                       wimlib_free_decompressor(decompressor);
+
+                       if (ret) {
+                               ERROR("Failed to decompress data we "
+                                     "compressed using LZX algorithm");
+                               wimlib_assert(0);
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       if (memcmp(uncompressed_data, ctx->window, uncompressed_size)) {
+                               ERROR("Data we compressed using LZX algorithm "
+                                     "didn't decompress to original");
+                               wimlib_assert(0);
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       WARNING("Failed to create decompressor for "
+                               "data verification!");
                }
        }
-       return compressed_len;
-}
-
-static bool
-lzx_params_compatible(const struct wimlib_lzx_params *oldparams,
-                     const struct wimlib_lzx_params *newparams)
-{
-       return 0 == memcmp(oldparams, newparams, sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params));
+       return compressed_size;
 }
 
-static struct wimlib_lzx_params lzx_user_default_params;
-static struct wimlib_lzx_params *lzx_user_default_params_ptr;
-
-static bool
-lzx_params_valid(const struct wimlib_lzx_params *params)
+static void
+lzx_free_compressor(void *_ctx)
 {
-       /* Validate parameters.  */
-       if (params->size_of_this != sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params)) {
-               LZX_DEBUG("Invalid parameter structure size!");
-               return false;
-       }
-
-       if (params->algorithm != WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW &&
-           params->algorithm != WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST)
-       {
-               LZX_DEBUG("Invalid algorithm.");
-               return false;
-       }
-
-       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW) {
-               if (params->alg_params.slow.num_optim_passes < 1)
-               {
-                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid number of optimization passes!");
-                       return false;
-               }
-
-               if (params->alg_params.slow.main_nostat_cost < 1 ||
-                   params->alg_params.slow.main_nostat_cost > 16)
-               {
-                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid main_nostat_cost!");
-                       return false;
-               }
+       struct lzx_compressor *ctx = _ctx;
 
-               if (params->alg_params.slow.len_nostat_cost < 1 ||
-                   params->alg_params.slow.len_nostat_cost > 16)
-               {
-                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid len_nostat_cost!");
-                       return false;
-               }
-
-               if (params->alg_params.slow.aligned_nostat_cost < 1 ||
-                   params->alg_params.slow.aligned_nostat_cost > 8)
-               {
-                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid aligned_nostat_cost!");
-                       return false;
-               }
+       if (ctx) {
+               FREE(ctx->chosen_matches);
+               FREE(ctx->cached_matches);
+               lz_match_chooser_destroy(&ctx->mc);
+               lz_sarray_destroy(&ctx->lz_sarray);
+               FREE(ctx->block_specs);
+               FREE(ctx->prev_tab);
+               FREE(ctx->window);
+               FREE(ctx);
        }
-       return true;
 }
 
-WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_lzx_set_default_params(const struct wimlib_lzx_params * params)
+static const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params lzx_fast_default = {
+       .hdr = {
+               .size = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params),
+       },
+       .algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST,
+       .use_defaults = 0,
+       .alg_params = {
+               .fast = {
+               },
+       },
+};
+static const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params lzx_slow_default = {
+       .hdr = {
+               .size = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params),
+       },
+       .algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW,
+       .use_defaults = 0,
+       .alg_params = {
+               .slow = {
+                       .use_len2_matches = 1,
+                       .nice_match_length = 32,
+                       .num_optim_passes = 2,
+                       .max_search_depth = 50,
+                       .max_matches_per_pos = 3,
+                       .main_nostat_cost = 15,
+                       .len_nostat_cost = 15,
+                       .aligned_nostat_cost = 7,
+               },
+       },
+};
+
+static const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params *
+lzx_get_params(const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
 {
-       if (params) {
-               if (!lzx_params_valid(params))
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-               lzx_user_default_params = *params;
-               lzx_user_default_params_ptr = &lzx_user_default_params;
+       const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params *params =
+               (const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params*)_params;
+
+       if (params == NULL) {
+               LZX_DEBUG("Using default algorithm and parameters.");
+               params = &lzx_slow_default;
        } else {
-               lzx_user_default_params_ptr = NULL;
+               if (params->use_defaults) {
+                       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW)
+                               params = &lzx_slow_default;
+                       else
+                               params = &lzx_fast_default;
+               }
        }
-       return 0;
+       return params;
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_lzx_alloc_context(const struct wimlib_lzx_params *params,
-                        struct wimlib_lzx_context **ctx_pp)
+static int
+lzx_create_compressor(size_t window_size,
+                     const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params,
+                     void **ctx_ret)
 {
-
-       LZX_DEBUG("Allocating LZX context...");
-
+       const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params *params = lzx_get_params(_params);
        struct lzx_compressor *ctx;
 
-       static const struct wimlib_lzx_params fast_default = {
-               .size_of_this = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params),
-               .algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST,
-               .use_defaults = 0,
-               .alg_params = {
-                       .fast = {
-                       },
-               },
-       };
-       static const struct wimlib_lzx_params slow_default = {
-               .size_of_this = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params),
-               .algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW,
-               .use_defaults = 0,
-               .alg_params = {
-                       .slow = {
-                               .use_len2_matches = 1,
-                               .num_fast_bytes = 32,
-                               .num_optim_passes = 2,
-                               .max_search_depth = 50,
-                               .max_matches_per_pos = 3,
-                               .main_nostat_cost = 15,
-                               .len_nostat_cost = 15,
-                               .aligned_nostat_cost = 7,
-                       },
-               },
-       };
-
-       if (params) {
-               if (!lzx_params_valid(params))
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-       } else {
-               LZX_DEBUG("Using default algorithm and parameters.");
-               if (lzx_user_default_params_ptr)
-                       params = lzx_user_default_params_ptr;
-               else
-                       params = &slow_default;
-       }
-
-       if (params->use_defaults) {
-               if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW)
-                       params = &slow_default;
-               else
-                       params = &fast_default;
-       }
-
-       if (ctx_pp) {
-               ctx = *(struct lzx_compressor**)ctx_pp;
+       LZX_DEBUG("Allocating LZX context...");
 
-               if (ctx && lzx_params_compatible(&ctx->params, params))
-                       return 0;
-       } else {
-               LZX_DEBUG("Check parameters only.");
-               return 0;
-       }
+       if (!lzx_window_size_valid(window_size))
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 
        LZX_DEBUG("Allocating memory.");
 
-       ctx = MALLOC(sizeof(struct lzx_compressor));
+       ctx = CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct lzx_compressor));
        if (ctx == NULL)
-               goto err;
-
-       size_t block_specs_length;
+               goto oom;
+
+       ctx->num_main_syms = lzx_get_num_main_syms(window_size);
+       ctx->max_window_size = window_size;
+       ctx->window = MALLOC(window_size + 12);
+       if (ctx->window == NULL)
+               goto oom;
+
+       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST) {
+               ctx->prev_tab = MALLOC(window_size * sizeof(ctx->prev_tab[0]));
+               if (ctx->prev_tab == NULL)
+                       goto oom;
+       }
 
-#if 0
-       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW)
-               block_specs_length = 1U << params->alg_params.slow.num_split_passes;
-       else
-#endif
-               block_specs_length = 1U;
+       size_t block_specs_length = DIV_ROUND_UP(window_size, LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE);
        ctx->block_specs = MALLOC(block_specs_length * sizeof(ctx->block_specs[0]));
        if (ctx->block_specs == NULL)
-               goto err_free_ctx;
+               goto oom;
 
        if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW) {
-               ctx->SA = MALLOC(3U * LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE * sizeof(ctx->SA[0]));
-               if (ctx->SA == NULL)
-                       goto err_free_block_specs;
-               ctx->ISA = ctx->SA + LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE;
-               ctx->LCP = ctx->ISA + LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE;
-               ctx->salink = MALLOC(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE * sizeof(ctx->salink[0]));
-               if (ctx->salink == NULL)
-                       goto err_free_SA;
-       } else {
-               ctx->SA = NULL;
-               ctx->ISA = NULL;
-               ctx->LCP = NULL;
-               ctx->salink = NULL;
+               unsigned min_match_len = LZX_MIN_MATCH_LEN;
+               if (!params->alg_params.slow.use_len2_matches)
+                       min_match_len = max(min_match_len, 3);
+
+               if (!lz_sarray_init(&ctx->lz_sarray,
+                                   window_size,
+                                   min_match_len,
+                                   LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN,
+                                   params->alg_params.slow.max_search_depth,
+                                   params->alg_params.slow.max_matches_per_pos))
+                       goto oom;
        }
 
        if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW) {
-               ctx->optimum = MALLOC((LZX_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE + LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN) *
-                                      sizeof(ctx->optimum[0]));
-               if (ctx->optimum == NULL)
-                       goto err_free_salink;
-       } else {
-               ctx->optimum = NULL;
+               if (!lz_match_chooser_init(&ctx->mc,
+                                          LZX_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE,
+                                          params->alg_params.slow.nice_match_length,
+                                          LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN))
+                       goto oom;
        }
 
        if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW) {
-               uint32_t cache_per_pos;
+               u32 cache_per_pos;
 
                cache_per_pos = params->alg_params.slow.max_matches_per_pos;
                if (cache_per_pos > LZX_MAX_CACHE_PER_POS)
                        cache_per_pos = LZX_MAX_CACHE_PER_POS;
 
-               ctx->cached_matches = MALLOC(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE * (cache_per_pos + 1) *
+               ctx->cached_matches = MALLOC(window_size * (cache_per_pos + 1) *
                                             sizeof(ctx->cached_matches[0]));
                if (ctx->cached_matches == NULL)
-                       goto err_free_optimum;
-       } else {
-               ctx->cached_matches = NULL;
+                       goto oom;
        }
 
-       ctx->chosen_matches = MALLOC(LZX_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE *
-                                    sizeof(ctx->chosen_matches[0]));
+       ctx->chosen_matches = MALLOC(window_size * sizeof(ctx->chosen_matches[0]));
        if (ctx->chosen_matches == NULL)
-               goto err_free_cached_matches;
+               goto oom;
 
-       memcpy(&ctx->params, params, sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params));
+       memcpy(&ctx->params, params, sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params));
        memset(&ctx->zero_codes, 0, sizeof(ctx->zero_codes));
 
        LZX_DEBUG("Successfully allocated new LZX context.");
 
-       wimlib_lzx_free_context(*ctx_pp);
-       *ctx_pp = (struct wimlib_lzx_context*)ctx;
+       *ctx_ret = ctx;
        return 0;
 
-err_free_cached_matches:
-       FREE(ctx->cached_matches);
-err_free_optimum:
-       FREE(ctx->optimum);
-err_free_salink:
-       FREE(ctx->salink);
-err_free_SA:
-       FREE(ctx->SA);
-err_free_block_specs:
-       FREE(ctx->block_specs);
-err_free_ctx:
-       FREE(ctx);
-err:
-       LZX_DEBUG("Ran out of memory.");
+oom:
+       lzx_free_compressor(ctx);
        return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI void
-wimlib_lzx_free_context(struct wimlib_lzx_context *_ctx)
+static u64
+lzx_get_needed_memory(size_t max_block_size,
+                     const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
 {
-       struct lzx_compressor *ctx = (struct lzx_compressor*)_ctx;
+       const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params *params = lzx_get_params(_params);
 
-       if (ctx) {
-               FREE(ctx->cached_matches);
-               FREE(ctx->chosen_matches);
-               FREE(ctx->optimum);
-               FREE(ctx->SA);
-               FREE(ctx->salink);
-               FREE(ctx->block_specs);
-               FREE(ctx);
+       u64 size = 0;
+
+       size += sizeof(struct lzx_compressor);
+
+       size += max_block_size + 12;
+
+       size += DIV_ROUND_UP(max_block_size, LZX_DIV_BLOCK_SIZE) *
+               sizeof(((struct lzx_compressor*)0)->block_specs[0]);
+
+       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW) {
+               size += max_block_size * sizeof(((struct lzx_compressor*)0)->chosen_matches[0]);
+               size += lz_sarray_get_needed_memory(max_block_size);
+               size += lz_match_chooser_get_needed_memory(LZX_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE,
+                                                          params->alg_params.slow.nice_match_length,
+                                                          LZX_MAX_MATCH_LEN);
+               u32 cache_per_pos;
+
+               cache_per_pos = params->alg_params.slow.max_matches_per_pos;
+               if (cache_per_pos > LZX_MAX_CACHE_PER_POS)
+                       cache_per_pos = LZX_MAX_CACHE_PER_POS;
+
+               size += max_block_size * (cache_per_pos + 1) *
+                       sizeof(((struct lzx_compressor*)0)->cached_matches[0]);
+       } else {
+               size += max_block_size * sizeof(((struct lzx_compressor*)0)->prev_tab[0]);
        }
+       return size;
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI unsigned
-wimlib_lzx_compress(const void * const restrict uncompressed_data,
-                   unsigned     const          uncompressed_len,
-                   void       * const restrict compressed_data)
+static bool
+lzx_params_valid(const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
 {
-       int ret;
-       struct wimlib_lzx_context *ctx = NULL;
-       unsigned compressed_len;
-
-       ret = wimlib_lzx_alloc_context(NULL, &ctx);
-       if (ret) {
-               wimlib_assert(ret != WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM);
-               WARNING("Couldn't allocate LZX compression context: %"TS"",
-                       wimlib_get_error_string(ret));
-               return 0;
+       const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params *params =
+               (const struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params*)_params;
+
+       if (params->hdr.size != sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_compressor_params)) {
+               LZX_DEBUG("Invalid parameter structure size!");
+               return false;
        }
 
-       compressed_len = wimlib_lzx_compress2(uncompressed_data,
-                                             uncompressed_len,
-                                             compressed_data,
-                                             ctx);
+       if (params->algorithm != WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW &&
+           params->algorithm != WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST)
+       {
+               LZX_DEBUG("Invalid algorithm.");
+               return false;
+       }
 
-       wimlib_lzx_free_context(ctx);
+       if (params->algorithm == WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW &&
+           !params->use_defaults)
+       {
+               if (params->alg_params.slow.num_optim_passes < 1)
+               {
+                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid number of optimization passes!");
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               if (params->alg_params.slow.main_nostat_cost < 1 ||
+                   params->alg_params.slow.main_nostat_cost > 16)
+               {
+                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid main_nostat_cost!");
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               if (params->alg_params.slow.len_nostat_cost < 1 ||
+                   params->alg_params.slow.len_nostat_cost > 16)
+               {
+                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid len_nostat_cost!");
+                       return false;
+               }
 
-       return compressed_len;
+               if (params->alg_params.slow.aligned_nostat_cost < 1 ||
+                   params->alg_params.slow.aligned_nostat_cost > 8)
+               {
+                       LZX_DEBUG("Invalid aligned_nostat_cost!");
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+       return true;
 }
+
+const struct compressor_ops lzx_compressor_ops = {
+       .params_valid       = lzx_params_valid,
+       .get_needed_memory  = lzx_get_needed_memory,
+       .create_compressor  = lzx_create_compressor,
+       .compress           = lzx_compress,
+       .free_compressor    = lzx_free_compressor,
+};