]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - src/lzms-compress.c
lzms-compress.c: Don't underrun window when checking recent offsets
[wimlib] / src / lzms-compress.c
index 6df108061e8518d22a3d2e238d8d1d6484e98b86..c6592a9f605598e02a25fd306570333decf23d88 100644 (file)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2013 Eric Biggers
+ * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Eric Biggers
  *
  * This file is part of wimlib, a library for working with WIM files.
  *
 /* This a compressor for the LZMS compression format.  More details about this
  * format can be found in lzms-decompress.c.
  *
- * This is currently an unsophisticated implementation that is fast but does not
- * attain the best compression ratios allowed by the format.
+ * Also see lzx-compress.c for general information about match-finding and
+ * match-choosing that also applies to this LZMS compressor.
+ *
+ * NOTE: this compressor currently does not code any delta matches.
  */
 
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
@@ -39,8 +41,8 @@
 #include "wimlib/compress_common.h"
 #include "wimlib/endianness.h"
 #include "wimlib/error.h"
-#include "wimlib/lz_hash.h"
-#include "wimlib/lz_sarray.h"
+#include "wimlib/lz.h"
+#include "wimlib/lz_bt.h"
 #include "wimlib/lzms.h"
 #include "wimlib/util.h"
 
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 
-#define LZMS_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE  1024
-
-struct lzms_compressor;
-struct lzms_adaptive_state {
-       struct lzms_lz_lru_queues lru;
-       u8 main_state;
-       u8 match_state;
-       u8 lz_match_state;
-       u8 lz_repeat_match_state[LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS - 1];
-};
-#define LZ_ADAPTIVE_STATE struct lzms_adaptive_state
-#define LZ_COMPRESSOR    struct lzms_compressor
-#include "wimlib/lz_optimal.h"
-
 /* Stucture used for writing raw bits to the end of the LZMS-compressed data as
  * a series of 16-bit little endian coding units.  */
 struct lzms_output_bitstream {
@@ -128,7 +116,7 @@ struct lzms_range_encoder {
         * lzms_range_encoder_raw.  */
        struct lzms_range_encoder_raw *rc;
 
-       /* Bits recently encoded by this range encoder.  This are used as in
+       /* Bits recently encoded by this range encoder.  This is used as an
         * index into @prob_entries.  */
        u32 state;
 
@@ -140,9 +128,7 @@ struct lzms_range_encoder {
        struct lzms_probability_entry prob_entries[LZMS_MAX_NUM_STATES];
 };
 
-/* Structure used for Huffman encoding, optionally encoding larger "values" as a
- * Huffman symbol specifying a slot and a slot-dependent number of extra bits.
- * */
+/* Structure used for Huffman encoding.  */
 struct lzms_huffman_encoder {
 
        /* Bitstream to write Huffman-encoded symbols and verbatim bits to.
@@ -150,9 +136,6 @@ struct lzms_huffman_encoder {
         */
        struct lzms_output_bitstream *os;
 
-       /* Pointer to the slot base table to use.  */
-       const u32 *slot_base_tab;
-
        /* Number of symbols that have been written using this code far.  Reset
         * to 0 whenever the code is rebuilt.  */
        u32 num_syms_written;
@@ -172,11 +155,13 @@ struct lzms_huffman_encoder {
        u8 lens[LZMS_MAX_NUM_SYMS];
 
        /* The codeword of each symbol in the Huffman code.  */
-       u16 codewords[LZMS_MAX_NUM_SYMS];
+       u32 codewords[LZMS_MAX_NUM_SYMS];
 };
 
 /* State of the LZMS compressor.  */
 struct lzms_compressor {
+       struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params params;
+
        /* Pointer to a buffer holding the preprocessed data to compress.  */
        u8 *window;
 
@@ -186,19 +171,16 @@ struct lzms_compressor {
        /* Size of the data in @buffer.  */
        u32 window_size;
 
-#if 0
-       /* Temporary array used by lz_analyze_block(); must be at least as long
-        * as the window.  */
-       u32 *prev_tab;
-#endif
-
-       /* Suffix array match-finder.  */
-       struct lz_sarray lz_sarray;
+       /* Binary tree match-finder.  */
+       struct lz_bt mf;
 
-       struct raw_match matches[64];
+       /* Temporary space to store found matches.  */
+       struct raw_match *matches;
 
-       /* Match-chooser.  */
-       struct lz_match_chooser mc;
+       /* Match-chooser data.  */
+       struct lzms_mc_pos_data *optimum;
+       unsigned optimum_cur_idx;
+       unsigned optimum_end_idx;
 
        /* Maximum block size this compressor instantiation allows.  This is the
         * allocated size of @window.  */
@@ -234,6 +216,28 @@ struct lzms_compressor {
        s32 last_target_usages[65536];
 };
 
+struct lzms_mc_pos_data {
+       u32 cost;
+#define MC_INFINITE_COST ((u32)~0UL)
+       union {
+               struct {
+                       u32 link;
+                       u32 match_offset;
+               } prev;
+               struct {
+                       u32 link;
+                       u32 match_offset;
+               } next;
+       };
+       struct lzms_adaptive_state {
+               struct lzms_lz_lru_queues lru;
+               u8 main_state;
+               u8 match_state;
+               u8 lz_match_state;
+               u8 lz_repeat_match_state[LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS - 1];
+       } state;
+};
+
 /* Initialize the output bitstream @os to write forwards to the specified
  * compressed data buffer @out that is @out_limit 16-bit integers long.  */
 static void
@@ -460,29 +464,36 @@ lzms_huffman_encode_symbol(struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 sym)
        }
 }
 
-/* Encode a number as a Huffman symbol specifying a slot, plus a number of
- * slot-dependent extra bits.  */
 static void
-lzms_encode_value(struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 value)
+lzms_encode_length(struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 length)
 {
        unsigned slot;
        unsigned num_extra_bits;
        u32 extra_bits;
 
-       LZMS_ASSERT(enc->slot_base_tab != NULL);
+       slot = lzms_get_length_slot(length);
 
-       slot = lzms_get_slot(value, enc->slot_base_tab, enc->num_syms);
+       num_extra_bits = lzms_extra_length_bits[slot];
 
-       /* Get the number of extra bits needed to represent the range of values
-        * that share the slot.  */
-       num_extra_bits = bsr32(enc->slot_base_tab[slot + 1] -
-                              enc->slot_base_tab[slot]);
+       extra_bits = length - lzms_length_slot_base[slot];
 
-       /* Calculate the extra bits as the offset from the slot base.  */
-       extra_bits = value - enc->slot_base_tab[slot];
+       lzms_huffman_encode_symbol(enc, slot);
+       lzms_output_bitstream_put_bits(enc->os, extra_bits, num_extra_bits);
+}
+
+static void
+lzms_encode_offset(struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 offset)
+{
+       unsigned slot;
+       unsigned num_extra_bits;
+       u32 extra_bits;
+
+       slot = lzms_get_position_slot(offset);
+
+       num_extra_bits = lzms_extra_position_bits[slot];
+
+       extra_bits = offset - lzms_position_slot_base[slot];
 
-       /* Output the slot (Huffman-encoded), then the extra bits (verbatim).
-        */
        lzms_huffman_encode_symbol(enc, slot);
        lzms_output_bitstream_put_bits(enc->os, extra_bits, num_extra_bits);
 }
@@ -541,7 +552,7 @@ lzms_encode_lz_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, u32 length, u32 offset)
        /* Main bit: 1 = a match, not a literal.  */
        lzms_range_encode_bit(&ctx->main_range_encoder, 1);
 
-       /* Match bit: 0 = a LZ match, not a delta match.  */
+       /* Match bit: 0 = an LZ match, not a delta match.  */
        lzms_range_encode_bit(&ctx->match_range_encoder, 0);
 
        /* Determine if the offset can be represented as a recent offset.  */
@@ -558,7 +569,7 @@ lzms_encode_lz_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, u32 length, u32 offset)
                lzms_range_encode_bit(&ctx->lz_match_range_encoder, 0);
 
                /* Encode the match offset.  */
-               lzms_encode_value(&ctx->lz_offset_encoder, offset);
+               lzms_encode_offset(&ctx->lz_offset_encoder, offset);
        } else {
                int i;
 
@@ -583,7 +594,7 @@ lzms_encode_lz_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, u32 length, u32 offset)
        }
 
        /* Encode the match length.  */
-       lzms_encode_value(&ctx->length_encoder, length);
+       lzms_encode_length(&ctx->length_encoder, length);
 
        /* Save the match offset for later insertion at the front of the LZ
         * match offset LRU queue.  */
@@ -592,69 +603,12 @@ lzms_encode_lz_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, u32 length, u32 offset)
        lzms_end_encode_item(ctx, length);
 }
 
-#if 0
-static void
-lzms_record_literal(u8 literal, void *_ctx)
-{
-       struct lzms_compressor *ctx = _ctx;
-
-       lzms_encode_literal(ctx, literal);
-}
-
-static void
-lzms_record_match(unsigned length, unsigned offset, void *_ctx)
-{
-       struct lzms_compressor *ctx = _ctx;
-
-       lzms_encode_lz_match(ctx, length, offset);
-}
-
-static void
-lzms_fast_encode(struct lzms_compressor *ctx)
-{
-       static const struct lz_params lzms_lz_params = {
-               .min_match      = 3,
-               .max_match      = UINT_MAX,
-               .max_offset     = UINT_MAX,
-               .nice_match     = 64,
-               .good_match     = 32,
-               .max_chain_len  = 64,
-               .max_lazy_match = 258,
-               .too_far        = 4096,
-       };
-
-       lz_analyze_block(ctx->window,
-                        ctx->window_size,
-                        lzms_record_match,
-                        lzms_record_literal,
-                        ctx,
-                        &lzms_lz_params,
-                        ctx->prev_tab);
-
-}
-#endif
-
-/* Fast heuristic cost evaluation to use in the inner loop of the match-finder.
- * Unlike lzms_get_lz_match_cost(), which does a true cost evaluation, this
- * simply prioritize matches based on their offset.  */
-static input_idx_t
-lzms_lz_match_cost_fast(input_idx_t length, input_idx_t offset, const void *_lru)
-{
-       const struct lzms_lz_lru_queues *lru = _lru;
-
-       for (input_idx_t i = 0; i < LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS; i++)
-               if (offset == lru->recent_offsets[i])
-                       return i;
-
-       return offset;
-}
-
 #define LZMS_COST_SHIFT 5
 
 /*#define LZMS_RC_COSTS_USE_FLOATING_POINT*/
 
 static u32
-lzms_rc_costs[LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX];
+lzms_rc_costs[LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX + 1];
 
 #ifdef LZMS_RC_COSTS_USE_FLOATING_POINT
 #  include <math.h>
@@ -684,7 +638,7 @@ lzms_do_init_rc_costs(void)
         * really interpreted as 1 / 64 and 64 / 64 is really interpreted as
         * 63 / 64.
         */
-       for (u32 i = 0; i < LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX; i++) {
+       for (u32 i = 0; i <= LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX; i++) {
                u32 prob = i;
 
                if (prob == 0)
@@ -715,17 +669,9 @@ lzms_do_init_rc_costs(void)
 static void
 lzms_init_rc_costs(void)
 {
-       static bool done = false;
-       static pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
-
-       if (!done) {
-               pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
-               if (!done) {
-                       lzms_do_init_rc_costs();
-                       done = true;
-               }
-               pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
-       }
+       static pthread_once_t once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
+
+       pthread_once(&once, lzms_do_init_rc_costs);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -747,11 +693,6 @@ lzms_rc_bit_cost(const struct lzms_range_encoder *enc, u8 *cur_state, int bit)
 
        *cur_state = (*cur_state << 1) | bit;
 
-       if (prob_zero == 0)
-               prob_zero = 1;
-       else if (prob_zero == LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX)
-               prob_zero = LZMS_PROBABILITY_MAX - 1;
-
        if (bit == 0)
                prob_correct = prob_zero;
        else
@@ -766,20 +707,18 @@ lzms_huffman_symbol_cost(const struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 sym)
        return enc->lens[sym] << LZMS_COST_SHIFT;
 }
 
-/* Compute the cost to encode a number with lzms_encode_value().  */
 static u32
-lzms_value_cost(const struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 value)
+lzms_offset_cost(const struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 offset)
 {
        u32 slot;
        u32 num_extra_bits;
        u32 cost = 0;
 
-       slot = lzms_get_slot(value, enc->slot_base_tab, enc->num_syms);
+       slot = lzms_get_position_slot(offset);
 
        cost += lzms_huffman_symbol_cost(enc, slot);
 
-       num_extra_bits = bsr32(enc->slot_base_tab[slot + 1] -
-                              enc->slot_base_tab[slot]);
+       num_extra_bits = lzms_extra_position_bits[slot];
 
        cost += num_extra_bits << LZMS_COST_SHIFT;
 
@@ -787,55 +726,40 @@ lzms_value_cost(const struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 value)
 }
 
 static u32
-lzms_get_matches(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
-                const struct lzms_adaptive_state *state,
-                struct raw_match **matches_ret)
+lzms_length_cost(const struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc, u32 length)
 {
-       u32 num_matches;
-       struct raw_match *matches = ctx->matches;
-
-       num_matches = lz_sarray_get_matches(&ctx->lz_sarray,
-                                           matches,
-                                           lzms_lz_match_cost_fast,
-                                           &state->lru);
-#if 0
-       fprintf(stderr, "Pos %u: %u matches\n",
-               lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) - 1, num_matches);
-       for (u32 i = 0; i < num_matches; i++)
-               fprintf(stderr, "\tLen %u Offset %u\n", matches[i].len, matches[i].offset);
-#endif
+       u32 slot;
+       u32 num_extra_bits;
+       u32 cost = 0;
 
-#ifdef ENABLE_LZMS_DEBUG
-       LZMS_ASSERT(lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) > 0);
-       u32 curpos = lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) - 1;
-       for (u32 i = 0; i < num_matches; i++) {
-               LZMS_ASSERT(matches[i].len <= ctx->window_size - curpos);
-               LZMS_ASSERT(matches[i].offset > 0);
-               LZMS_ASSERT(matches[i].offset <= curpos);
-               LZMS_ASSERT(!memcmp(&ctx->window[curpos],
-                                   &ctx->window[curpos - matches[i].offset],
-                                   matches[i].len));
-               if (i < num_matches - 1)
-                       LZMS_ASSERT(matches[i].len > matches[i + 1].len);
+       slot = lzms_get_length_slot(length);
 
-       }
-#endif
-       *matches_ret = matches;
-       return num_matches;
+       cost += lzms_huffman_symbol_cost(enc, slot);
+
+       num_extra_bits = lzms_extra_length_bits[slot];
+
+       cost += num_extra_bits << LZMS_COST_SHIFT;
+
+       return cost;
+}
+
+static u32
+lzms_get_matches(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, struct raw_match **matches_ret)
+{
+       *matches_ret = ctx->matches;
+       return lz_bt_get_matches(&ctx->mf, ctx->matches);
 }
 
 static void
-lzms_skip_bytes(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, input_idx_t n)
+lzms_skip_bytes(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, u32 n)
 {
-       while (n--)
-               lz_sarray_skip_position(&ctx->lz_sarray);
+       lz_bt_skip_positions(&ctx->mf, n);
 }
 
 static u32
-lzms_get_prev_literal_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
-                          struct lzms_adaptive_state *state)
+lzms_get_literal_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
+                     struct lzms_adaptive_state *state, u8 literal)
 {
-       u8 literal = ctx->window[lz_sarray_get_pos(&ctx->lz_sarray) - 1];
        u32 cost = 0;
 
        state->lru.upcoming_offset = 0;
@@ -852,7 +776,7 @@ lzms_get_prev_literal_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
 static u32
 lzms_get_lz_match_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
                       struct lzms_adaptive_state *state,
-                      input_idx_t length, input_idx_t offset)
+                      u32 length, u32 offset)
 {
        u32 cost = 0;
        int recent_offset_idx;
@@ -873,7 +797,7 @@ lzms_get_lz_match_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
                cost += lzms_rc_bit_cost(&ctx->lz_match_range_encoder,
                                         &state->lz_match_state, 0);
 
-               cost += lzms_value_cost(&ctx->lz_offset_encoder, offset);
+               cost += lzms_offset_cost(&ctx->lz_offset_encoder, offset);
        } else {
                int i;
 
@@ -895,7 +819,7 @@ lzms_get_lz_match_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
                        state->lru.recent_offsets[i] = state->lru.recent_offsets[i + 1];
        }
 
-       cost += lzms_value_cost(&ctx->length_encoder, length);
+       cost += lzms_length_cost(&ctx->length_encoder, length);
 
        state->lru.upcoming_offset = offset;
        lzms_update_lz_lru_queues(&state->lru);
@@ -903,25 +827,269 @@ lzms_get_lz_match_cost(struct lzms_compressor *ctx,
        return cost;
 }
 
+static struct raw_match
+lzms_match_chooser_reverse_list(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, unsigned cur_pos)
+{
+       unsigned prev_link, saved_prev_link;
+       unsigned prev_match_offset, saved_prev_match_offset;
+
+       ctx->optimum_end_idx = cur_pos;
+
+       saved_prev_link = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].prev.link;
+       saved_prev_match_offset = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].prev.match_offset;
+
+       do {
+               prev_link = saved_prev_link;
+               prev_match_offset = saved_prev_match_offset;
+
+               saved_prev_link = ctx->optimum[prev_link].prev.link;
+               saved_prev_match_offset = ctx->optimum[prev_link].prev.match_offset;
+
+               ctx->optimum[prev_link].next.link = cur_pos;
+               ctx->optimum[prev_link].next.match_offset = prev_match_offset;
+
+               cur_pos = prev_link;
+       } while (cur_pos != 0);
+
+       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = ctx->optimum[0].next.link;
+
+       return (struct raw_match)
+               { .len = ctx->optimum_cur_idx,
+                 .offset = ctx->optimum[0].next.match_offset,
+               };
+}
+
+/* This is similar to lzx_get_near_optimal_match() in lzx-compress.c.
+ * Read that one if you want to understand it.  */
 static struct raw_match
 lzms_get_near_optimal_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx)
 {
+       u32 num_matches;
+       struct raw_match *matches;
+       struct raw_match match;
+       u32 longest_len;
+       u32 longest_rep_len;
+       u32 longest_rep_offset;
+       struct raw_match *matchptr;
+       unsigned cur_pos;
+       unsigned end_pos;
        struct lzms_adaptive_state initial_state;
 
+       if (ctx->optimum_cur_idx != ctx->optimum_end_idx) {
+               match.len = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.link -
+                                   ctx->optimum_cur_idx;
+               match.offset = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.match_offset;
+
+               ctx->optimum_cur_idx = ctx->optimum[ctx->optimum_cur_idx].next.link;
+               return match;
+       }
+
+       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = 0;
+       ctx->optimum_end_idx = 0;
+
+       longest_rep_len = ctx->params.min_match_length - 1;
+       if (lz_bt_get_position(&ctx->mf) >= LZMS_MAX_INIT_RECENT_OFFSET) {
+               u32 limit = min(ctx->params.max_match_length,
+                               lz_bt_get_remaining_size(&ctx->mf));
+               for (int i = 0; i < LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS; i++) {
+                       u32 offset = ctx->lru.lz.recent_offsets[i];
+                       const u8 *strptr = lz_bt_get_window_ptr(&ctx->mf);
+                       const u8 *matchptr = strptr - offset;
+                       u32 len = 0;
+                       while (len < limit && strptr[len] == matchptr[len])
+                               len++;
+                       if (len > longest_rep_len) {
+                               longest_rep_len = len;
+                               longest_rep_offset = offset;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (longest_rep_len >= ctx->params.nice_match_length) {
+               lzms_skip_bytes(ctx, longest_rep_len);
+               return (struct raw_match) {
+                       .len = longest_rep_len,
+                       .offset = longest_rep_offset,
+               };
+       }
+
+       num_matches = lzms_get_matches(ctx, &matches);
+
+       if (num_matches) {
+               longest_len = matches[num_matches - 1].len;
+               if (longest_len >= ctx->params.nice_match_length) {
+                       lzms_skip_bytes(ctx, longest_len - 1);
+                       return matches[num_matches - 1];
+               }
+       } else {
+               longest_len = 1;
+       }
+
        initial_state.lru = ctx->lru.lz;
        initial_state.main_state = ctx->main_range_encoder.state;
        initial_state.match_state = ctx->match_range_encoder.state;
        initial_state.lz_match_state = ctx->lz_match_range_encoder.state;
        for (int i = 0; i < LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS - 1; i++)
-               initial_state.lz_repeat_match_state[i] =
-                       ctx->lz_repeat_match_range_encoders[i].state;
-       return lz_get_near_optimal_match(&ctx->mc,
-                                        lzms_get_matches,
-                                        lzms_skip_bytes,
-                                        lzms_get_prev_literal_cost,
-                                        lzms_get_lz_match_cost,
-                                        ctx,
-                                        &initial_state);
+               initial_state.lz_repeat_match_state[i] = ctx->lz_repeat_match_range_encoders[i].state;
+
+       ctx->optimum[1].state = initial_state;
+       ctx->optimum[1].cost = lzms_get_literal_cost(ctx,
+                                                    &ctx->optimum[1].state,
+                                                    *(lz_bt_get_window_ptr(&ctx->mf) - 1));
+       ctx->optimum[1].prev.link = 0;
+
+       matchptr = matches;
+       for (u32 len = 2; len <= longest_len; len++) {
+               u32 offset = matchptr->offset;
+
+               ctx->optimum[len].state = initial_state;
+               ctx->optimum[len].prev.link = 0;
+               ctx->optimum[len].prev.match_offset = offset;
+               ctx->optimum[len].cost = lzms_get_lz_match_cost(ctx,
+                                                               &ctx->optimum[len].state,
+                                                               len, offset);
+               if (len == matchptr->len)
+                       matchptr++;
+       }
+       end_pos = longest_len;
+
+       if (longest_rep_len >= ctx->params.min_match_length) {
+               struct lzms_adaptive_state state;
+               u32 cost;
+
+               while (end_pos < longest_rep_len)
+                       ctx->optimum[++end_pos].cost = MC_INFINITE_COST;
+
+               state = initial_state;
+               cost = lzms_get_lz_match_cost(ctx,
+                                             &state,
+                                             longest_rep_len,
+                                             longest_rep_offset);
+               if (cost <= ctx->optimum[longest_rep_len].cost) {
+                       ctx->optimum[longest_rep_len].state = state;
+                       ctx->optimum[longest_rep_len].prev.link = 0;
+                       ctx->optimum[longest_rep_len].prev.match_offset = longest_rep_offset;
+                       ctx->optimum[longest_rep_len].cost = cost;
+               }
+       }
+
+       cur_pos = 0;
+       for (;;) {
+               u32 cost;
+               struct lzms_adaptive_state state;
+
+               cur_pos++;
+
+               if (cur_pos == end_pos || cur_pos == ctx->params.optim_array_length)
+                       return lzms_match_chooser_reverse_list(ctx, cur_pos);
+
+               longest_rep_len = ctx->params.min_match_length - 1;
+               if (lz_bt_get_position(&ctx->mf) >= LZMS_MAX_INIT_RECENT_OFFSET) {
+                       u32 limit = min(ctx->params.max_match_length,
+                                       lz_bt_get_remaining_size(&ctx->mf));
+                       for (int i = 0; i < LZMS_NUM_RECENT_OFFSETS; i++) {
+                               u32 offset = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].state.lru.recent_offsets[i];
+                               const u8 *strptr = lz_bt_get_window_ptr(&ctx->mf);
+                               const u8 *matchptr = strptr - offset;
+                               u32 len = 0;
+                               while (len < limit && strptr[len] == matchptr[len])
+                                       len++;
+                               if (len > longest_rep_len) {
+                                       longest_rep_len = len;
+                                       longest_rep_offset = offset;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (longest_rep_len >= ctx->params.nice_match_length) {
+                       match = lzms_match_chooser_reverse_list(ctx, cur_pos);
+
+                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.match_offset = longest_rep_offset;
+                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.link = cur_pos + longest_rep_len;
+                       ctx->optimum_end_idx = cur_pos + longest_rep_len;
+
+                       lzms_skip_bytes(ctx, longest_rep_len);
+
+                       return match;
+               }
+
+               num_matches = lzms_get_matches(ctx, &matches);
+
+               if (num_matches) {
+                       longest_len = matches[num_matches - 1].len;
+                       if (longest_len >= ctx->params.nice_match_length) {
+                               match = lzms_match_chooser_reverse_list(ctx, cur_pos);
+
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.match_offset =
+                                       matches[num_matches - 1].offset;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos].next.link = cur_pos + longest_len;
+                               ctx->optimum_end_idx = cur_pos + longest_len;
+
+                               lzms_skip_bytes(ctx, longest_len - 1);
+
+                               return match;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       longest_len = 1;
+               }
+
+               while (end_pos < cur_pos + longest_len)
+                       ctx->optimum[++end_pos].cost = MC_INFINITE_COST;
+
+               state = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].state;
+               cost = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].cost +
+                       lzms_get_literal_cost(ctx,
+                                             &state,
+                                             *(lz_bt_get_window_ptr(&ctx->mf) - 1));
+               if (cost < ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].cost) {
+                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].state = state;
+                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].cost = cost;
+                       ctx->optimum[cur_pos + 1].prev.link = cur_pos;
+               }
+
+               matchptr = matches;
+               for (u32 len = 2; len <= longest_len; len++) {
+                       u32 offset;
+
+                       offset = matchptr->offset;
+                       state = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].state;
+
+                       cost = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].cost +
+                               lzms_get_lz_match_cost(ctx, &state, len, offset);
+                       if (cost < ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].cost) {
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].state = state;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].prev.link = cur_pos;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].prev.match_offset = offset;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + len].cost = cost;
+                       }
+                       if (len == matchptr->len)
+                               matchptr++;
+               }
+
+               if (longest_rep_len >= ctx->params.min_match_length) {
+
+                       while (end_pos < cur_pos + longest_rep_len)
+                               ctx->optimum[++end_pos].cost = MC_INFINITE_COST;
+
+                       state = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].state;
+
+                       cost = ctx->optimum[cur_pos].cost +
+                               lzms_get_lz_match_cost(ctx,
+                                                      &state,
+                                                      longest_rep_len,
+                                                      longest_rep_offset);
+                       if (cost <= ctx->optimum[cur_pos + longest_rep_len].cost) {
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + longest_rep_len].state =
+                                       state;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + longest_rep_len].prev.link =
+                                       cur_pos;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + longest_rep_len].prev.match_offset =
+                                       longest_rep_offset;
+                               ctx->optimum[cur_pos + longest_rep_len].cost =
+                                       cost;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
 }
 
 /*
@@ -929,31 +1097,29 @@ lzms_get_near_optimal_match(struct lzms_compressor *ctx)
  *
  * Notes:
  *
- * - This uses near-optimal LZ parsing backed by a suffix-array match-finder.
- *   More details can be found in the corresponding files (lz_optimal.h,
- *   lz_sarray.{h,c}).
+ * - This uses near-optimal LZ parsing backed by a binary tree match-finder.
  *
- * - This does not output any delta matches.  It would take a specialized
- *   algorithm to find them, then more code in lz_optimal.h and here to handle
- *   evaluating and outputting them.
+ * - This does not output any delta matches.
  *
  * - The costs of literals and matches are estimated using the range encoder
  *   states and the semi-adaptive Huffman codes.  Except for range encoding
  *   states, costs are assumed to be constant throughout a single run of the
- *   parsing algorithm, which can parse up to LZMS_OPTIM_ARRAY_SIZE bytes of
- *   data.  This introduces a source of inaccuracy because the probabilities and
- *   Huffman codes can change over this part of the data.
+ *   parsing algorithm, which can parse up to @optim_array_length (from the
+ *   `struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params') bytes of data.  This introduces a
+ *   source of inaccuracy because the probabilities and Huffman codes can change
+ *   over this part of the data.
  */
 static void
-lzms_normal_encode(struct lzms_compressor *ctx)
+lzms_encode(struct lzms_compressor *ctx)
 {
        struct raw_match match;
 
-       /* Load window into suffix array match-finder.  */
-       lz_sarray_load_window(&ctx->lz_sarray, ctx->window, ctx->window_size);
+       /* Load window into the binary tree match-finder.  */
+       lz_bt_load_window(&ctx->mf, ctx->window, ctx->window_size);
 
        /* Reset the match-chooser.  */
-       lz_match_chooser_begin(&ctx->mc);
+       ctx->optimum_cur_idx = 0;
+       ctx->optimum_end_idx = 0;
 
        while (ctx->cur_window_pos != ctx->window_size) {
                match = lzms_get_near_optimal_match(ctx);
@@ -980,12 +1146,10 @@ lzms_init_range_encoder(struct lzms_range_encoder *enc,
 static void
 lzms_init_huffman_encoder(struct lzms_huffman_encoder *enc,
                          struct lzms_output_bitstream *os,
-                         const u32 *slot_base_tab,
                          unsigned num_syms,
                          unsigned rebuild_freq)
 {
        enc->os = os;
-       enc->slot_base_tab = slot_base_tab;
        enc->num_syms_written = 0;
        enc->rebuild_freq = rebuild_freq;
        enc->num_syms = num_syms;
@@ -1008,7 +1172,6 @@ lzms_init_compressor(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, const u8 *udata, u32 ulen,
 
        /* Copy the uncompressed data into the @ctx->window buffer.  */
        memcpy(ctx->window, udata, ulen);
-       memset(&ctx->window[ulen], 0, 8);
        ctx->cur_window_pos = 0;
        ctx->window_size = ulen;
 
@@ -1028,23 +1191,23 @@ lzms_init_compressor(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, const u8 *udata, u32 ulen,
        /* Initialize Huffman encoders for each alphabet used in the compressed
         * representation.  */
        lzms_init_huffman_encoder(&ctx->literal_encoder, &ctx->os,
-                                 NULL, LZMS_NUM_LITERAL_SYMS,
+                                 LZMS_NUM_LITERAL_SYMS,
                                  LZMS_LITERAL_CODE_REBUILD_FREQ);
 
        lzms_init_huffman_encoder(&ctx->lz_offset_encoder, &ctx->os,
-                                 lzms_position_slot_base, num_position_slots,
+                                 num_position_slots,
                                  LZMS_LZ_OFFSET_CODE_REBUILD_FREQ);
 
        lzms_init_huffman_encoder(&ctx->length_encoder, &ctx->os,
-                                 lzms_length_slot_base, LZMS_NUM_LEN_SYMS,
+                                 LZMS_NUM_LEN_SYMS,
                                  LZMS_LENGTH_CODE_REBUILD_FREQ);
 
        lzms_init_huffman_encoder(&ctx->delta_offset_encoder, &ctx->os,
-                                 lzms_position_slot_base, num_position_slots,
+                                 num_position_slots,
                                  LZMS_DELTA_OFFSET_CODE_REBUILD_FREQ);
 
        lzms_init_huffman_encoder(&ctx->delta_power_encoder, &ctx->os,
-                                 NULL, LZMS_NUM_DELTA_POWER_SYMS,
+                                 LZMS_NUM_DELTA_POWER_SYMS,
                                  LZMS_DELTA_POWER_CODE_REBUILD_FREQ);
 
        /* Initialize range encoders, all of which wrap around the same
@@ -1070,7 +1233,7 @@ lzms_init_compressor(struct lzms_compressor *ctx, const u8 *udata, u32 ulen,
                                        &ctx->rc, LZMS_NUM_DELTA_REPEAT_MATCH_STATES);
 
        /* Initialize LRU match information.  */
-        lzms_init_lru_queues(&ctx->lru);
+       lzms_init_lru_queues(&ctx->lru);
 }
 
 /* Flush the output streams, prepare the final compressed data, and return its
@@ -1162,10 +1325,7 @@ lzms_compress(const void *uncompressed_data, size_t uncompressed_size,
 
        /* Compute and encode a literal/match sequence that decompresses to the
         * preprocessed data.  */
-       lzms_normal_encode(ctx);
-#if 0
-       lzms_fast_encode(ctx);
-#endif
+       lzms_encode(ctx);
 
        /* Get and return the compressed data size.  */
        compressed_size = lzms_finalize(ctx, compressed_data,
@@ -1230,85 +1390,92 @@ lzms_free_compressor(void *_ctx)
 
        if (ctx) {
                FREE(ctx->window);
-#if 0
-               FREE(ctx->prev_tab);
-#endif
-               lz_sarray_destroy(&ctx->lz_sarray);
-               lz_match_chooser_destroy(&ctx->mc);
+               FREE(ctx->matches);
+               lz_bt_destroy(&ctx->mf);
+               FREE(ctx->optimum);
                FREE(ctx);
        }
 }
 
-static const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params default_params = {
-       .hdr = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params),
+static const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params lzms_default = {
+       .hdr = {
+               .size = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params),
+       },
        .min_match_length = 2,
        .max_match_length = UINT32_MAX,
        .nice_match_length = 32,
        .max_search_depth = 50,
-       .max_matches_per_pos = 3,
        .optim_array_length = 1024,
 };
 
+static bool
+lzms_params_valid(const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *);
+
+static const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *
+lzms_get_params(const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
+{
+       const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *params =
+               (const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params*)_params;
+
+       if (params == NULL)
+               params = &lzms_default;
+
+       LZMS_ASSERT(lzms_params_valid(&params->hdr));
+
+       return params;
+}
+
 static int
 lzms_create_compressor(size_t max_block_size,
                       const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params,
                       void **ctx_ret)
 {
        struct lzms_compressor *ctx;
-       const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *params;
+       const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *params = lzms_get_params(_params);
 
        if (max_block_size == 0 || max_block_size >= INT32_MAX) {
                LZMS_DEBUG("Invalid max_block_size (%u)", max_block_size);
                return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
        }
 
-       if (_params)
-               params = (const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params*)_params;
-       else
-               params = &default_params;
-
-       if (params->max_match_length < params->min_match_length ||
-           params->min_match_length < 2 ||
-           params->optim_array_length == 0 ||
-           min(params->max_match_length, params->nice_match_length) > 65536) {
-               LZMS_DEBUG("Invalid compression parameter!");
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-       }
-
        ctx = CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct lzms_compressor));
        if (ctx == NULL)
                goto oom;
 
-       ctx->window = MALLOC(max_block_size + 8);
+       ctx->window = MALLOC(max_block_size);
        if (ctx->window == NULL)
                goto oom;
 
-#if 0
-       ctx->prev_tab = MALLOC(max_block_size * sizeof(ctx->prev_tab[0]));
-       if (ctx->prev_tab == NULL)
+       ctx->matches = MALLOC(min(params->max_match_length -
+                                       params->min_match_length + 1,
+                                 params->max_search_depth + 2) *
+                               sizeof(ctx->matches[0]));
+       if (ctx->matches == NULL)
                goto oom;
-#endif
 
-       if (!lz_sarray_init(&ctx->lz_sarray, max_block_size,
-                           params->min_match_length,
-                           params->max_match_length,
-                           params->max_search_depth,
-                           params->max_matches_per_pos))
+       if (!lz_bt_init(&ctx->mf,
+                       max_block_size,
+                       params->min_match_length,
+                       params->max_match_length,
+                       params->nice_match_length,
+                       params->max_search_depth))
                goto oom;
 
-       if (!lz_match_chooser_init(&ctx->mc,
-                                  params->optim_array_length,
-                                  params->nice_match_length,
-                                  params->max_match_length))
+       ctx->optimum = MALLOC((params->optim_array_length +
+                              min(params->nice_match_length,
+                                  params->max_match_length)) *
+                                       sizeof(ctx->optimum[0]));
+       if (!ctx->optimum)
                goto oom;
 
-       /* Initialize position and length slot bases if not done already.  */
-       lzms_init_slot_bases();
+       /* Initialize position and length slot data if not done already.  */
+       lzms_init_slots();
 
        /* Initialize range encoding cost table if not done already.  */
        lzms_init_rc_costs();
 
        ctx->max_block_size = max_block_size;
+       memcpy(&ctx->params, params, sizeof(*params));
 
        *ctx_ret = ctx;
        return 0;
@@ -1318,7 +1485,46 @@ oom:
        return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 }
 
+static u64
+lzms_get_needed_memory(size_t max_block_size,
+                      const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
+{
+       const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *params = lzms_get_params(_params);
+
+       u64 size = 0;
+
+       size += max_block_size;
+       size += sizeof(struct lzms_compressor);
+       size += lz_bt_get_needed_memory(max_block_size);
+       size += (params->optim_array_length +
+                min(params->nice_match_length,
+                    params->max_match_length)) *
+                        sizeof(((struct lzms_compressor *)0)->optimum[0]);
+       size += min(params->max_match_length - params->min_match_length + 1,
+                   params->max_search_depth + 2) *
+               sizeof(((struct lzms_compressor*)0)->matches[0]);
+       return size;
+}
+
+static bool
+lzms_params_valid(const struct wimlib_compressor_params_header *_params)
+{
+       const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params *params =
+               (const struct wimlib_lzms_compressor_params*)_params;
+
+       if (params->hdr.size != sizeof(*params) ||
+           params->max_match_length < params->min_match_length ||
+           params->min_match_length < 2 ||
+           params->optim_array_length == 0 ||
+           min(params->max_match_length, params->nice_match_length) > 65536)
+               return false;
+
+       return true;
+}
+
 const struct compressor_ops lzms_compressor_ops = {
+       .params_valid       = lzms_params_valid,
+       .get_needed_memory  = lzms_get_needed_memory,
        .create_compressor  = lzms_create_compressor,
        .compress           = lzms_compress,
        .free_compressor    = lzms_free_compressor,