]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - src/extract.c
Improve tstr <=> UTF-16LE conversions
[wimlib] / src / extract.c
index 9cbcdb2e054119025cabd22ae0cace0e299bd639..a4029ec23f39c718497e57d992d6de752917a63f 100644 (file)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
  */
 
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013 Eric Biggers
+ * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013, 2014 Eric Biggers
  *
  * This file is part of wimlib, a library for working with WIM files.
  *
 
 /*
  * This file provides the API functions wimlib_extract_image(),
- * wimlib_extract_files(), and wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe().  Internally,
- * all end up calling extract_tree() zero or more times to extract a tree of
- * files from the currently selected WIM image to the specified target directory
- * or NTFS volume.
+ * wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(), wimlib_extract_paths(), and
+ * wimlib_extract_pathlist().  Internally, all end up calling
+ * do_wimlib_extract_paths() and extract_trees().
  *
  * Although wimlib supports multiple extraction modes/backends (NTFS-3g, UNIX,
  * Win32), this file does not itself have code to extract files or directories
 
 #define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_MULTI_IMAGE 0x80000000
 #define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FROM_PIPE   0x40000000
-#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE    0x20000000
-#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC      0x1fffffff
+#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE   0x20000000
+
+/* Keep in sync with wimlib.h  */
+#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC                             \
+       (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS                       |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK                   |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK                    |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_VERBOSE                    |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL                 |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA                  |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS                    |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS                |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RPFIX                      |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX                    |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT                  |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_REPLACE_INVALID_FILENAMES  |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_ALL_CASE_CONFLICTS         |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_TIMESTAMPS          |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SHORT_NAMES         |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SYMLINKS            |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RESUME                     |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER                 |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS                 |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_GLOB                |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES              |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_PRESERVE_DIR_STRUCTURE  |       \
+        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_WIMBOOT)
 
-/* Given a WIM dentry in the tree to be extracted, resolve all streams in the
- * corresponding inode and set 'out_refcnt' in each to 0.  */
-static int
-dentry_resolve_and_zero_lte_refcnt(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
+static bool
+dentry_in_list(const struct wim_dentry *dentry)
 {
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
-       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
-       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
-       int ret;
-       bool force = false;
-
-       if (dentry->extraction_skipped)
-               return 0;
-
-       /* Special case:  when extracting from a pipe, the WIM lookup table is
-        * initially empty, so "resolving" an inode's streams is initially not
-        * possible.  However, we still need to keep track of which streams,
-        * identified by SHA1 message digests, need to be extracted, so we
-        * "resolve" the inode's streams anyway by allocating new entries.  */
-       if (ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FROM_PIPE)
-               force = true;
-       ret = inode_resolve_ltes(inode, ctx->wim->lookup_table, force);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i <= inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
-               lte = inode_stream_lte_resolved(inode, i);
-               if (lte)
-                       lte->out_refcnt = 0;
-       }
-       return 0;
+       return dentry->extraction_list.next != NULL;
 }
 
 static inline bool
@@ -117,120 +115,6 @@ can_extract_named_data_streams(const struct apply_ctx *ctx)
        return ctx->supported_features.named_data_streams &&
                !is_linked_extraction(ctx);
 }
-
-static int
-ref_stream_to_extract(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
-                     struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
-{
-       if (!lte)
-               return 0;
-
-       /* Tally the size only for each extraction of the stream (not hard
-        * links).  */
-       if (!(dentry->d_inode->i_visited &&
-             ctx->supported_features.hard_links) &&
-           (!is_linked_extraction(ctx) || (lte->out_refcnt == 0 &&
-                                           lte->extracted_file == NULL)))
-       {
-               ctx->progress.extract.total_bytes += lte->size;
-               ctx->progress.extract.num_streams++;
-       }
-
-       /* Add stream to the extraction_list only one time, even if it's going
-        * to be extracted to multiple locations.  */
-       if (lte->out_refcnt == 0) {
-               list_add_tail(&lte->extraction_list, &ctx->stream_list);
-               ctx->num_streams_remaining++;
-       }
-
-       if (!(ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER)) {
-               struct wim_dentry **lte_dentries;
-
-               /* Append dentry to this stream's array of dentries referencing
-                * it.  Use inline array to avoid memory allocation until the
-                * number of dentries becomes too large.  */
-               if (lte->out_refcnt < ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries)) {
-                       lte_dentries = lte->inline_lte_dentries;
-               } else {
-                       struct wim_dentry **prev_lte_dentries;
-                       size_t alloc_lte_dentries;
-
-                       if (lte->out_refcnt == ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries)) {
-                               prev_lte_dentries = NULL;
-                               alloc_lte_dentries = ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries);
-                       } else {
-                               prev_lte_dentries = lte->lte_dentries;
-                               alloc_lte_dentries = lte->alloc_lte_dentries;
-                       }
-
-                       if (lte->out_refcnt == alloc_lte_dentries) {
-                               alloc_lte_dentries *= 2;
-                               lte_dentries = REALLOC(prev_lte_dentries,
-                                                      alloc_lte_dentries *
-                                                       sizeof(lte_dentries[0]));
-                               if (lte_dentries == NULL)
-                                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-                               if (prev_lte_dentries == NULL) {
-                                       memcpy(lte_dentries,
-                                              lte->inline_lte_dentries,
-                                              sizeof(lte->inline_lte_dentries));
-                               }
-                               lte->lte_dentries = lte_dentries;
-                               lte->alloc_lte_dentries = alloc_lte_dentries;
-                       }
-                       lte_dentries = lte->lte_dentries;
-               }
-               lte_dentries[lte->out_refcnt] = dentry;
-       }
-       lte->out_refcnt++;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* Given a WIM dentry in the tree to be extracted, iterate through streams that
- * need to be extracted.  For each one, add it to the list of streams to be
- * extracted (ctx->stream_list) if not already done so, and also update the
- * progress information (ctx->progress) with the stream.  Furthermore, if doing
- * a sequential extraction, build a mapping from each the stream to the dentries
- * referencing it.
- *
- * This uses the i_visited member of the inodes (assumed to be 0 initially).  */
-static int
-dentry_add_streams_to_extract(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
-{
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
-       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
-       int ret;
-
-       /* Don't process dentries marked as skipped.  */
-       if (dentry->extraction_skipped)
-               return 0;
-
-       /* The unnamed data stream will always be extracted, except in an
-        * unlikely case.  */
-       if (!inode_is_encrypted_directory(inode)) {
-               ret = ref_stream_to_extract(inode_unnamed_lte_resolved(inode),
-                                           dentry, ctx);
-               if (ret)
-                       return ret;
-       }
-
-       /* Named data streams will be extracted only if supported in the current
-        * extraction mode and volume, and to avoid complications, if not doing
-        * a linked extraction.  */
-       if (can_extract_named_data_streams(ctx)) {
-               for (u16 i = 0; i < inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
-                       if (!ads_entry_is_named_stream(&inode->i_ads_entries[i]))
-                               continue;
-                       ret = ref_stream_to_extract(inode->i_ads_entries[i].lte,
-                                                   dentry, ctx);
-                       if (ret)
-                               return ret;
-               }
-       }
-       inode->i_visited = 1;
-       return 0;
-}
-
 /* Inform library user of progress of stream extraction following the successful
  * extraction of a copy of the stream specified by @lte.  */
 static void
@@ -571,7 +455,7 @@ extract_streams(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
        file_spec_t file_spec;
        int ret;
 
-       if (dentry->was_hardlinked)
+       if (dentry->was_linked)
                return 0;
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_DEBUG
@@ -610,7 +494,8 @@ extract_streams(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
                                }
                        } else {
                                ret = ctx->ops->extract_unnamed_stream(
-                                                       file_spec, lte, ctx);
+                                                       file_spec, lte, ctx,
+                                                       dentry);
                                if (ret)
                                        goto error;
                        }
@@ -669,7 +554,8 @@ extract_file_attributes(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
        int ret;
 
        if (ctx->ops->set_file_attributes &&
-           !(dentry == ctx->extract_root && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)) {
+           !(ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES) &&
+           !(dentry == ctx->target_dentry && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)) {
                u32 attributes = dentry->d_inode->i_attributes;
 
                /* Clear unsupported attributes.  */
@@ -711,7 +597,7 @@ extract_short_name(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
 
        /* The root of the dentry tree being extracted may not be extracted to
         * its original name, so its short name should be ignored.  */
-       if (dentry == ctx->extract_root)
+       if (dentry == ctx->target_dentry)
                return 0;
 
        if (ctx->supported_features.short_names) {
@@ -742,7 +628,7 @@ extract_security(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
        if (ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS)
                return 0;
 
-       if ((ctx->extract_root == dentry) && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)
+       if ((ctx->target_dentry == dentry) && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)
                return 0;
 
 #ifndef __WIN32__
@@ -811,7 +697,7 @@ extract_timestamps(const tchar *path, struct apply_ctx *ctx,
        struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
        int ret;
 
-       if ((ctx->extract_root == dentry) && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)
+       if ((ctx->target_dentry == dentry) && ctx->root_dentry_is_special)
                return 0;
 
        if (ctx->ops->set_timestamps) {
@@ -859,7 +745,7 @@ dentry_is_supported(struct wim_dentry *dentry,
  * format understood by the callbacks in the apply_operations being used.
  *
  * Write the resulting path into @path, which must have room for at least
- * ctx->ops->max_path characters including the null-terminator.
+ * ctx->ops->path_max characters.
  *
  * Return %true if successful; %false if this WIM dentry doesn't actually need
  * to be extracted or if the calculated path exceeds ctx->ops->max_path
@@ -869,7 +755,7 @@ dentry_is_supported(struct wim_dentry *dentry,
  * until the extraction root.  */
 static bool
 build_extraction_path(tchar path[], struct wim_dentry *dentry,
-                     struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+                     const struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
        size_t path_nchars;
        LIST_HEAD(ancestor_list);
@@ -878,9 +764,6 @@ build_extraction_path(tchar path[], struct wim_dentry *dentry,
        size_t target_prefix_nchars;
        struct wim_dentry *d;
 
-       if (dentry->extraction_skipped)
-               return false;
-
        path_nchars = ctx->ops->path_prefix_nchars;
 
        if (ctx->ops->requires_realtarget_in_paths) {
@@ -895,7 +778,10 @@ build_extraction_path(tchar path[], struct wim_dentry *dentry,
        }
        path_nchars += target_prefix_nchars;
 
-       for (d = dentry; d != ctx->extract_root; d = d->parent) {
+       for (d = dentry; d != ctx->target_dentry; d = d->parent) {
+               if (!dentry_in_list(d))
+                       break;
+
                path_nchars += d->extraction_name_nchars + 1;
                list_add(&d->tmp_list, &ancestor_list);
        }
@@ -952,7 +838,7 @@ extract_multiimage_symlink(const tchar *oldpath, const tchar *newpath,
        int ret;
 
        num_raw_path_components = 0;
-       for (d = dentry; d != ctx->extract_root; d = d->parent)
+       for (d = dentry; d != ctx->target_dentry; d = d->parent)
                num_raw_path_components++;
 
        if (ctx->ops->requires_realtarget_in_paths)
@@ -1044,7 +930,7 @@ do_dentry_extract_skeleton(tchar path[], struct wim_dentry *dentry,
 
        /* Create this file or directory unless it's the extraction root, which
         * was already created if necessary.  */
-       if (dentry != ctx->extract_root) {
+       if (dentry != ctx->target_dentry) {
                ret = extract_inode(path, ctx, inode);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
@@ -1110,14 +996,14 @@ symlink:
        ret = extract_multiimage_symlink(oldpath, path, ctx, dentry);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
-       dentry->was_hardlinked = 1;
+       dentry->was_linked = 1;
        return 0;
 
 hardlink:
        ret = extract_hardlink(oldpath, path, ctx);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
-       dentry->was_hardlinked = 1;
+       dentry->was_linked = 1;
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1127,9 +1013,8 @@ hardlink:
  * apply_operations.requires_short_name_reordering for more details about short
  * name reordering.  */
 static int
-dentry_extract_skeleton(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
+dentry_extract_skeleton(struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
        tchar path[ctx->ops->path_max];
        struct wim_dentry *orig_dentry;
        struct wim_dentry *other_dentry;
@@ -1147,7 +1032,7 @@ dentry_extract_skeleton(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
                inode_for_each_dentry(other_dentry, dentry->d_inode) {
                        if (dentry_has_short_name(other_dentry)
                            && !other_dentry->skeleton_extracted
-                           && other_dentry->in_extraction_tree)
+                           && dentry_in_list(other_dentry))
                        {
                                DEBUG("Creating %"TS" before %"TS" "
                                      "to guarantee correct DOS name extraction",
@@ -1177,20 +1062,11 @@ again:
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int
-dentry_extract_dir_skeleton(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
-{
-       if (dentry->d_inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
-               return dentry_extract_skeleton(dentry, _ctx);
-       return 0;
-}
-
 /* Create a file or directory, then immediately extract all streams.  The WIM
  * may not be read sequentially by this function.  */
 static int
-dentry_extract(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
+dentry_extract(struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
        tchar path[ctx->ops->path_max];
        int ret;
 
@@ -1204,6 +1080,89 @@ dentry_extract(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
        return extract_streams(path, ctx, dentry, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
+/* Finish extracting a file, directory, or symbolic link by setting file
+ * security and timestamps.  */
+static int
+dentry_extract_final(struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       int ret;
+       tchar path[ctx->ops->path_max];
+
+       if (!build_extraction_path(path, dentry, ctx))
+               return 0;
+
+       ret = extract_security(path, ctx, dentry);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       if (ctx->ops->requires_final_set_attributes_pass) {
+               /* Set file attributes (if supported).  */
+               ret = extract_file_attributes(path, ctx, dentry, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       return extract_timestamps(path, ctx, dentry);
+}
+
+static int
+extract_structure(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               ret = dentry_extract_skeleton(dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+extract_dir_structure(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               if (dentry_is_directory(dentry)) {
+                       ret = dentry_extract_skeleton(dentry, ctx);
+                       if (ret)
+                               return ret;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+extract_dentries(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               ret = dentry_extract(dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+extract_final_metadata(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
+
+       list_for_each_entry_reverse(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               ret = dentry_extract_final(dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
 /* Creates a temporary file opened for writing.  The open file descriptor is
  * returned in @fd_ret and its name is returned in @name_ret (dynamically
  * allocated).  */
@@ -1212,6 +1171,7 @@ create_temporary_file(struct filedes *fd_ret, tchar **name_ret)
 {
        tchar *name;
        int raw_fd;
+       int open_flags;
 
 retry:
        name = ttempnam(NULL, T("wimlib"));
@@ -1220,7 +1180,11 @@ retry:
                return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
        }
 
-       raw_fd = topen(name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_BINARY, 0600);
+       open_flags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_EXCL | O_BINARY;
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       open_flags |= _O_SHORT_LIVED;
+#endif
+       raw_fd = topen(name, open_flags, 0600);
 
        if (raw_fd < 0) {
                if (errno == EEXIST) {
@@ -1309,14 +1273,23 @@ need_tmpfile_to_extract(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
 }
 
 static int
-begin_extract_stream_to_tmpfile(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
-                               bool is_partial_res,
-                               void *_ctx)
+begin_extract_stream(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                    u32 flags, void *_ctx)
 {
        struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
        int ret;
 
-       if (!need_tmpfile_to_extract(lte, is_partial_res)) {
+       if (flags & BEGIN_STREAM_FLAG_WHOLE_STREAM) {
+               DEBUG("Whole stream (size=%"PRIu64") will be read into memory",
+                     lte->size);
+               ctx->cur_stream = lte;
+               filedes_invalidate(&ctx->tmpfile_fd);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (!need_tmpfile_to_extract(lte,
+                                    (flags & BEGIN_STREAM_FLAG_PARTIAL_RESOURCE)))
+       {
                DEBUG("Temporary file not needed "
                      "for stream (size=%"PRIu64")", lte->size);
                ret = extract_stream_instances(lte, lte, ctx);
@@ -1331,14 +1304,42 @@ begin_extract_stream_to_tmpfile(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
 }
 
 static int
-end_extract_stream_to_tmpfile(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
-                             int status, void *_ctx)
+extract_chunk(const void *chunk, size_t size, void *_ctx)
+{
+       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+       int ret;
+
+       if (filedes_valid(&ctx->tmpfile_fd)) {
+               ret = full_write(&ctx->tmpfile_fd, chunk, size);
+               if (ret)
+                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing to file descriptor");
+       } else {
+               struct wim_lookup_table_entry lte_override;
+
+               memcpy(&lte_override, ctx->cur_stream,
+                      sizeof(struct wim_lookup_table_entry));
+
+               lte_override.resource_location = RESOURCE_IN_ATTACHED_BUFFER;
+               lte_override.size = size;
+               lte_override.attached_buffer = (void *)chunk;
+
+               ret = extract_stream_instances(ctx->cur_stream, &lte_override, ctx);
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+end_extract_stream(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+                  int status, void *_ctx)
 {
        struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
        struct wim_lookup_table_entry lte_override;
        int ret;
        int errno_save = errno;
 
+       if (!filedes_valid(&ctx->tmpfile_fd))
+               return status;
+
        ret = filedes_close(&ctx->tmpfile_fd);
 
        if (status) {
@@ -1377,32 +1378,17 @@ out_delete_tmpfile:
 static int
 extract_stream_list(struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
-       if (!(ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER)) {
-               /* Sequential extraction: read the streams in the order in which
-                * they appear in the WIM file.  */
-               struct read_stream_list_callbacks cbs = {
-                       .begin_stream           = begin_extract_stream_to_tmpfile,
-                       .begin_stream_ctx       = ctx,
-                       .consume_chunk          = extract_chunk_to_fd,
-                       .consume_chunk_ctx      = &ctx->tmpfile_fd,
-                       .end_stream             = end_extract_stream_to_tmpfile,
-                       .end_stream_ctx         = ctx,
-               };
-               return read_stream_list(&ctx->stream_list,
-                                       offsetof(struct wim_lookup_table_entry, extraction_list),
-                                       &cbs, VERIFY_STREAM_HASHES);
-       } else {
-               /* Extract the streams in unsorted order.  */
-               struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
-               int ret;
-
-               list_for_each_entry(lte, &ctx->stream_list, extraction_list) {
-                       ret = extract_stream_instances(lte, lte, ctx);
-                       if (ret)
-                               return ret;
-               }
-               return 0;
-       }
+       struct read_stream_list_callbacks cbs = {
+               .begin_stream           = begin_extract_stream,
+               .begin_stream_ctx       = ctx,
+               .consume_chunk          = extract_chunk,
+               .consume_chunk_ctx      = ctx,
+               .end_stream             = end_extract_stream,
+               .end_stream_ctx         = ctx,
+       };
+       return read_stream_list(&ctx->stream_list,
+                               offsetof(struct wim_lookup_table_entry, extraction_list),
+                               &cbs, VERIFY_STREAM_HASHES);
 }
 
 #define PWM_ALLOW_WIM_HDR 0x00001
@@ -1507,7 +1493,7 @@ extract_streams_from_pipe(struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 
                if ((found_lte->resource_location != RESOURCE_NONEXISTENT)
                    && !(found_lte->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_METADATA)
-                   && (needed_lte = lookup_resource(lookup_table, found_lte->hash))
+                   && (needed_lte = lookup_stream(lookup_table, found_lte->hash))
                    && (needed_lte->out_refcnt))
                {
                        tchar *tmpfile_name = NULL;
@@ -1527,8 +1513,10 @@ extract_streams_from_pipe(struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 
                                /* Extract stream to temporary file.  */
                                ret = create_temporary_file(&tmpfile_fd, &tmpfile_name);
-                               if (ret)
+                               if (ret) {
+                                       lte_unbind_wim_resource_spec(needed_lte);
                                        goto out_free_found_lte;
+                               }
 
                                ret = extract_full_stream_to_fd(needed_lte,
                                                                &tmpfile_fd);
@@ -1601,60 +1589,185 @@ resume_done:
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* Finish extracting a file, directory, or symbolic link by setting file
- * security and timestamps.  */
+/* Extract a WIM dentry to standard output.
+ *
+ * This obviously doesn't make sense in all cases.  We return an error if the
+ * dentry does not correspond to a regular file.  Otherwise we extract the
+ * unnamed data stream only.  */
 static int
-dentry_extract_final(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
+extract_dentry_to_stdout(struct wim_dentry *dentry,
+                        const struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table)
 {
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
-       int ret;
-       tchar path[ctx->ops->path_max];
+       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
+       struct filedes _stdout;
 
-       if (!build_extraction_path(path, dentry, ctx))
+       if (inode->i_attributes & (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT |
+                                  FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
+       {
+               ERROR("\"%"TS"\" is not a regular file and therefore cannot be "
+                     "extracted to standard output", dentry_full_path(dentry));
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOT_A_REGULAR_FILE;
+       }
+
+       lte = inode_unnamed_lte(inode, lookup_table);
+       if (!lte) {
+               const u8 *hash = inode_unnamed_stream_hash(inode);
+               if (!is_zero_hash(hash))
+                       return stream_not_found_error(inode, hash);
                return 0;
+       }
 
-       ret = extract_security(path, ctx, dentry);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
+       filedes_init(&_stdout, STDOUT_FILENO);
+       return extract_full_stream_to_fd(lte, &_stdout);
+}
 
-       if (ctx->ops->requires_final_set_attributes_pass) {
-               /* Set file attributes (if supported).  */
-               ret = extract_file_attributes(path, ctx, dentry, 1);
+static int
+extract_dentries_to_stdout(struct wim_dentry **dentries, size_t num_dentries,
+                          const struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table)
+{
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_dentries; i++) {
+               int ret = extract_dentry_to_stdout(dentries[i], lookup_table);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
+       return 0;
+}
 
-       return extract_timestamps(path, ctx, dentry);
+/**********************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Removes duplicate dentries from the array.
+ *
+ * Returns the new number of dentries, packed at the front of the array.
+ */
+static size_t
+remove_duplicate_trees(struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees)
+{
+       size_t i, j = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < num_trees; i++) {
+               if (!trees[i]->tmp_flag) {
+                       /* Found distinct dentry.  */
+                       trees[i]->tmp_flag = 1;
+                       trees[j++] = trees[i];
+               }
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < j; i++)
+               trees[i]->tmp_flag = 0;
+       return j;
 }
 
 /*
- * Extract a WIM dentry to standard output.
+ * Remove dentries that are descendants of other dentries in the array.
  *
- * This obviously doesn't make sense in all cases.  We return an error if the
- * dentry does not correspond to a regular file.  Otherwise we extract the
- * unnamed data stream only.
+ * Returns the new number of dentries, packed at the front of the array.
  */
+static size_t
+remove_contained_trees(struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees)
+{
+       size_t i, j = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < num_trees; i++)
+               trees[i]->tmp_flag = 1;
+       for (i = 0; i < num_trees; i++) {
+               struct wim_dentry *d = trees[i];
+               while (!dentry_is_root(d)) {
+                       d = d->parent;
+                       if (d->tmp_flag)
+                               goto tree_contained;
+               }
+               trees[j++] = trees[i];
+               continue;
+
+       tree_contained:
+               trees[i]->tmp_flag = 0;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < j; i++)
+               trees[i]->tmp_flag = 0;
+       return j;
+}
+
 static int
-extract_dentry_to_stdout(struct wim_dentry *dentry)
+dentry_append_to_list(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_dentry_list)
 {
-       int ret = 0;
-       if (dentry->d_inode->i_attributes & (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT |
-                                            FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
-       {
-               ERROR("\"%"TS"\" is not a regular file and therefore cannot be "
-                     "extracted to standard output", dentry_full_path(dentry));
-               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOT_A_REGULAR_FILE;
-       } else {
-               struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
+       struct list_head *dentry_list = _dentry_list;
+       list_add_tail(&dentry->extraction_list, dentry_list);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+dentry_reset_extraction_list_node(struct wim_dentry *dentry)
+{
+       dentry->extraction_list = (struct list_head){NULL, NULL};
+}
+
+static int
+dentry_delete_from_list(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ignore)
+{
+       list_del(&dentry->extraction_list);
+       dentry_reset_extraction_list_node(dentry);
+       return 0;
+}
 
-               lte = inode_unnamed_lte_resolved(dentry->d_inode);
-               if (lte) {
-                       struct filedes _stdout;
-                       filedes_init(&_stdout, STDOUT_FILENO);
-                       ret = extract_full_stream_to_fd(lte, &_stdout);
+/*
+ * Build the preliminary list of dentries to be extracted.
+ *
+ * The list maintains the invariant that if d1 and d2 are in the list and d1 is
+ * an ancestor of d2, then d1 appears before d2 in the list.
+ */
+static void
+build_dentry_list(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct wim_dentry **trees,
+                 size_t num_trees, bool add_ancestors)
+{
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(dentry_list);
+
+       /* Add the trees recursively.  */
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_trees; i++)
+               for_dentry_in_tree(trees[i], dentry_append_to_list, dentry_list);
+
+       /* If requested, add ancestors of the trees.  */
+       if (add_ancestors) {
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_trees; i++) {
+                       struct wim_dentry *dentry = trees[i];
+                       struct wim_dentry *ancestor;
+                       struct list_head *place_after;
+
+                       if (dentry_is_root(dentry))
+                               continue;
+
+                       place_after = dentry_list;
+                       ancestor = dentry;
+                       do {
+                               ancestor = ancestor->parent;
+                               if (dentry_in_list(ancestor)) {
+                                       place_after = &ancestor->extraction_list;
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       } while (!dentry_is_root(ancestor));
+
+                       ancestor = dentry;
+                       do {
+                               ancestor = ancestor->parent;
+                               if (dentry_in_list(ancestor))
+                                       break;
+                               list_add(&ancestor->extraction_list, place_after);
+                       } while (!dentry_is_root(ancestor));
                }
        }
-       return ret;
+}
+
+static const struct apply_operations *
+select_apply_operations(int extract_flags)
+{
+#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS)
+               return &ntfs_3g_apply_ops;
+#endif
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       return &win32_apply_ops;
+#else
+       return &unix_apply_ops;
+#endif
 }
 
 #ifdef __WIN32__
@@ -1704,69 +1817,25 @@ file_name_valid(utf16lechar *name, size_t num_chars, bool fix)
        return true;
 }
 
-static bool
-dentry_is_dot_or_dotdot(const struct wim_dentry *dentry)
-{
-       const utf16lechar *file_name = dentry->file_name;
-       return file_name != NULL &&
-               file_name[0] == cpu_to_le16('.') &&
-               (file_name[1] == cpu_to_le16('\0') ||
-                (file_name[1] == cpu_to_le16('.') &&
-                 file_name[2] == cpu_to_le16('\0')));
-}
-
-static int
-dentry_mark_skipped(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ignore)
-{
-       dentry->extraction_skipped = 1;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * dentry_calculate_extraction_path-
- *
- * Calculate the actual filename component at which a WIM dentry will be
- * extracted, handling invalid filenames "properly".
- *
- * dentry->extraction_name usually will be set the same as dentry->file_name (on
- * UNIX, converted into the platform's multibyte encoding).  However, if the
- * file name contains characters that are not valid on the current platform or
- * has some other format that is not valid, leave dentry->extraction_name as
- * NULL and set dentry->extraction_skipped to indicate that this dentry should
- * not be extracted, unless the appropriate flag
- * WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_REPLACE_INVALID_FILENAMES is set in the extract flags, in
- * which case a substitute filename will be created and set instead.
- *
- * Conflicts with case-insensitive names on Windows are handled similarly; see
- * below.
- */
 static int
-dentry_calculate_extraction_path(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_args)
+dentry_calculate_extraction_name(struct wim_dentry *dentry,
+                                struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
-       struct apply_ctx *ctx = _args;
        int ret;
 
-       if (dentry == ctx->extract_root || dentry->extraction_skipped)
+       if (dentry == ctx->target_dentry)
                return 0;
 
        if (!dentry_is_supported(dentry, &ctx->supported_features))
                goto skip_dentry;
 
-       if (dentry_is_dot_or_dotdot(dentry)) {
-               /* WIM files shouldn't contain . or .. entries.  But if they are
-                * there, don't attempt to extract them. */
-               WARNING("Skipping extraction of unexpected . or .. file "
-                       "\"%"TS"\"", dentry_full_path(dentry));
-               goto skip_dentry;
-       }
-
        if (!ctx->ops->supports_case_sensitive_filenames)
        {
                struct wim_dentry *other;
-               list_for_each_entry(other, &dentry->case_insensitive_conflict_list,
-                                   case_insensitive_conflict_list)
+               list_for_each_entry(other, &dentry->d_ci_conflict_list,
+                                   d_ci_conflict_list)
                {
-                       if (!other->extraction_skipped) {
+                       if (dentry_in_list(other)) {
                                if (ctx->extract_flags &
                                    WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_ALL_CASE_CONFLICTS) {
                                        WARNING("\"%"TS"\" has the same "
@@ -1789,16 +1858,12 @@ dentry_calculate_extraction_path(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_args)
        }
 
        if (file_name_valid(dentry->file_name, dentry->file_name_nbytes / 2, false)) {
-#if TCHAR_IS_UTF16LE
-               dentry->extraction_name = dentry->file_name;
-               dentry->extraction_name_nchars = dentry->file_name_nbytes / 2;
-               return 0;
-#else
-               return utf16le_to_tstr(dentry->file_name,
+               ret = utf16le_get_tstr(dentry->file_name,
                                       dentry->file_name_nbytes,
-                                      &dentry->extraction_name,
+                                      (const tchar **)&dentry->extraction_name,
                                       &dentry->extraction_name_nchars);
-#endif
+               dentry->extraction_name_nchars /= sizeof(tchar);
+               return ret;
        } else {
                if (ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_REPLACE_INVALID_FILENAMES)
                {
@@ -1822,18 +1887,17 @@ out_replace:
                memcpy(utf16_name_copy, dentry->file_name, dentry->file_name_nbytes);
                file_name_valid(utf16_name_copy, dentry->file_name_nbytes / 2, true);
 
-               tchar *tchar_name;
+               const tchar *tchar_name;
                size_t tchar_nchars;
-       #if TCHAR_IS_UTF16LE
-               tchar_name = utf16_name_copy;
-               tchar_nchars = dentry->file_name_nbytes / 2;
-       #else
-               ret = utf16le_to_tstr(utf16_name_copy,
-                                     dentry->file_name_nbytes,
-                                     &tchar_name, &tchar_nchars);
+
+               ret = utf16le_get_tstr(utf16_name_copy,
+                                      dentry->file_name_nbytes,
+                                      &tchar_name, &tchar_nchars);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
-       #endif
+
+               tchar_nchars /= sizeof(tchar);
+
                size_t fixed_name_num_chars = tchar_nchars;
                tchar fixed_name[tchar_nchars + 50];
 
@@ -1841,9 +1905,9 @@ out_replace:
                fixed_name_num_chars += tsprintf(fixed_name + tchar_nchars,
                                                 T(" (invalid filename #%lu)"),
                                                 ++ctx->invalid_sequence);
-       #if !TCHAR_IS_UTF16LE
-               FREE(tchar_name);
-       #endif
+
+               utf16le_put_tstr(tchar_name);
+
                dentry->extraction_name = memdup(fixed_name,
                                                 2 * fixed_name_num_chars + 2);
                if (!dentry->extraction_name)
@@ -1853,40 +1917,246 @@ out_replace:
        return 0;
 
 skip_dentry:
-       for_dentry_in_tree(dentry, dentry_mark_skipped, NULL);
+       for_dentry_in_tree(dentry, dentry_delete_from_list, NULL);
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* Clean up dentry and inode structure after extraction.  */
+/*
+ * Calculate the actual filename component at which each WIM dentry will be
+ * extracted, with special handling for dentries that are unsupported by the
+ * extraction backend or have invalid names.
+ *
+ * Note: this has a dependency on start_extract() being called because
+ * ctx.supported_features must be filled in in order to determine whether each
+ * dentry is supported.
+ *
+ * Possible error codes: WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM, WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_UTF16_STRING
+ */
 static int
-dentry_reset_needs_extraction(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ignore)
+dentry_list_calculate_extraction_names(struct list_head *dentry_list,
+                                      struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 {
-       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+       struct list_head *prev, *cur;
+
+       /* Can't use list_for_each_entry() because a call to
+        * dentry_calculate_extraction_name() may delete the current dentry and
+        * its children from the list.  */
 
-       dentry->in_extraction_tree = 0;
-       dentry->extraction_skipped = 0;
-       dentry->was_hardlinked = 0;
-       dentry->skeleton_extracted = 0;
-       inode->i_visited = 0;
-       FREE(inode->i_extracted_file);
-       inode->i_extracted_file = NULL;
-       inode->i_dos_name_extracted = 0;
-       if ((void*)dentry->extraction_name != (void*)dentry->file_name)
-               FREE(dentry->extraction_name);
-       dentry->extraction_name = NULL;
+       prev = dentry_list;
+       for (;;) {
+               struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+               int ret;
+
+               cur = prev->next;
+               if (cur == dentry_list)
+                       break;
+
+               dentry = list_entry(cur, struct wim_dentry, extraction_list);
+
+               ret = dentry_calculate_extraction_name(dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+
+               if (prev->next == cur)
+                       prev = cur;
+               else
+                       ; /* Current dentry and its children (which follow in
+                            the list) were deleted.  prev stays the same.  */
+       }
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* Tally features necessary to extract a dentry and the corresponding inode.  */
 static int
-dentry_tally_features(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_features)
+dentry_resolve_streams(struct wim_dentry *dentry, int extract_flags,
+                      struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table)
 {
-       struct wim_features *features = _features;
        struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
+       int ret;
+       bool force = false;
+
+       /* Special case:  when extracting from a pipe, the WIM lookup table is
+        * initially empty, so "resolving" an inode's streams is initially not
+        * possible.  However, we still need to keep track of which streams,
+        * identified by SHA1 message digests, need to be extracted, so we
+        * "resolve" the inode's streams anyway by allocating new entries.  */
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FROM_PIPE)
+               force = true;
+       ret = inode_resolve_streams(inode, lookup_table, force);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+       for (u32 i = 0; i <= inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
+               lte = inode_stream_lte_resolved(inode, i);
+               if (lte)
+                       lte->out_refcnt = 0;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For each dentry to be extracted, resolve all streams in the corresponding
+ * inode and set 'out_refcnt' in each to 0.
+ *
+ * Possible error codes: WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND, WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM.
+ */
+static int
+dentry_list_resolve_streams(struct list_head *dentry_list,
+                           struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
 
-       if (dentry->extraction_skipped)
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               ret = dentry_resolve_streams(dentry,
+                                            ctx->extract_flags,
+                                            ctx->wim->lookup_table);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+ref_stream(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
+          struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       if (!lte)
                return 0;
 
+       /* Tally the size only for each extraction of the stream (not hard
+        * links).  */
+       if (!(dentry->d_inode->i_visited &&
+             ctx->supported_features.hard_links) &&
+           (!is_linked_extraction(ctx) || (lte->out_refcnt == 0 &&
+                                           lte->extracted_file == NULL)))
+       {
+               ctx->progress.extract.total_bytes += lte->size;
+               ctx->progress.extract.num_streams++;
+       }
+
+       /* Add stream to the dentry_list only one time, even if it's going
+        * to be extracted to multiple locations.  */
+       if (lte->out_refcnt == 0) {
+               list_add_tail(&lte->extraction_list, &ctx->stream_list);
+               ctx->num_streams_remaining++;
+       }
+
+       if (!(ctx->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER)) {
+               struct wim_dentry **lte_dentries;
+
+               /* Append dentry to this stream's array of dentries referencing
+                * it.  Use inline array to avoid memory allocation until the
+                * number of dentries becomes too large.  */
+               if (lte->out_refcnt < ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries)) {
+                       lte_dentries = lte->inline_lte_dentries;
+               } else {
+                       struct wim_dentry **prev_lte_dentries;
+                       size_t alloc_lte_dentries;
+
+                       if (lte->out_refcnt == ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries)) {
+                               prev_lte_dentries = NULL;
+                               alloc_lte_dentries = ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries);
+                       } else {
+                               prev_lte_dentries = lte->lte_dentries;
+                               alloc_lte_dentries = lte->alloc_lte_dentries;
+                       }
+
+                       if (lte->out_refcnt == alloc_lte_dentries) {
+                               alloc_lte_dentries *= 2;
+                               lte_dentries = REALLOC(prev_lte_dentries,
+                                                      alloc_lte_dentries *
+                                                       sizeof(lte_dentries[0]));
+                               if (lte_dentries == NULL)
+                                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               if (prev_lte_dentries == NULL) {
+                                       memcpy(lte_dentries,
+                                              lte->inline_lte_dentries,
+                                              sizeof(lte->inline_lte_dentries));
+                               }
+                               lte->lte_dentries = lte_dentries;
+                               lte->alloc_lte_dentries = alloc_lte_dentries;
+                       }
+                       lte_dentries = lte->lte_dentries;
+               }
+               lte_dentries[lte->out_refcnt] = dentry;
+       }
+       lte->out_refcnt++;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+dentry_ref_streams(struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+       int ret;
+
+       /* The unnamed data stream will always be extracted, except in an
+        * unlikely case.  */
+       if (!inode_is_encrypted_directory(inode)) {
+               ret = ref_stream(inode_unnamed_lte_resolved(inode),
+                                dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       /* Named data streams will be extracted only if supported in the current
+        * extraction mode and volume, and to avoid complications, if not doing
+        * a linked extraction.  */
+       if (can_extract_named_data_streams(ctx)) {
+               for (u16 i = 0; i < inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
+                       if (!ads_entry_is_named_stream(&inode->i_ads_entries[i]))
+                               continue;
+                       ret = ref_stream(inode->i_ads_entries[i].lte,
+                                        dentry, ctx);
+                       if (ret)
+                               return ret;
+               }
+       }
+       inode->i_visited = 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For each dentry to be extracted, iterate through the data streams of the
+ * corresponding inode.  For each such stream that is not to be ignored due to
+ * the supported features or extraction flags, add it to the list of streams to
+ * be extracted (ctx->stream_list) if not already done so.
+ *
+ * Also, if doing a sequential extraction, build a mapping from each stream to
+ * the dentries referencing it.
+ *
+ * This also initializes the extract progress info with byte and stream
+ * information.
+ *
+ * Note: This has a dependency on start_extract being called because
+ * ctx.supported_features must be filled in in order to determine whether named
+ * data streams are supported.
+ *
+ * Note: this uses the i_visited member of the inodes (assumed to be 0
+ * initially), but does not reset it.
+ *
+ * Possible error codes: WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM.
+ */
+static int
+dentry_list_ref_streams(struct list_head *dentry_list, struct apply_ctx *ctx)
+{
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               ret = dentry_ref_streams(dentry, ctx);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Tally features necessary to extract a dentry and the corresponding inode.  */
+static void
+dentry_tally_features(struct wim_dentry *dentry, struct wim_features *features)
+{
+       struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
        if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE)
                features->archive_files++;
        if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN)
@@ -1923,22 +2193,28 @@ dentry_tally_features(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_features)
        if (inode_has_unix_data(inode))
                features->unix_data++;
        inode->i_visited = 1;
-       return 0;
 }
 
-/* Tally the features necessary to extract a dentry tree.  */
+/* Tally the features necessary to extract the specified dentries.  */
 static void
-dentry_tree_get_features(struct wim_dentry *root, struct wim_features *features)
+dentry_list_get_features(struct list_head *dentry_list,
+                        struct wim_features *features)
 {
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry;
+
        memset(features, 0, sizeof(struct wim_features));
-       for_dentry_in_tree(root, dentry_tally_features, features);
-       dentry_tree_clear_inode_visited(root);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list)
+               dentry_tally_features(dentry, features);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(dentry, dentry_list, extraction_list)
+               dentry->d_inode->i_visited = 0;
 }
 
 static u32
 compute_supported_attributes_mask(const struct wim_features *supported_features)
 {
-       u32 mask = ~(u32)0;
+       u32 mask = (u32)~0UL;
 
        if (!supported_features->archive_files)
                mask &= ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE;
@@ -1967,218 +2243,144 @@ compute_supported_attributes_mask(const struct wim_features *supported_features)
 static int
 do_feature_check(const struct wim_features *required_features,
                 const struct wim_features *supported_features,
-                int extract_flags,
-                const struct apply_operations *ops,
-                const tchar *wim_source_path,
-                bool warn)
+                int extract_flags, const struct apply_operations *ops)
 {
-       const tchar *loc;
-       const tchar *mode = T("this extraction mode");
-
-       if (wim_source_path[0] == '\0')
-               loc = T("the WIM image");
-       else
-               loc = wim_source_path;
-
-       if (warn) {
-               /* We're an archive program, so theoretically we can do what we want
-                * with FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE (which is a dumb flag anyway).  Don't
-                * bother the user about it.  */
-#if 0
-               if (required_features->archive_files && !supported_features->archive_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as archived, but this attribute\n"
-       "          is not supported in %"TS".",
-                               required_features->archive_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-#endif
-
-               if (required_features->hidden_files && !supported_features->hidden_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as hidden, but this\n"
-       "          attribute is not supported in %"TS".",
-                               required_features->hidden_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->system_files && !supported_features->system_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as system files,\n"
-       "          but this attribute is not supported in %"TS".",
-                               required_features->system_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->compressed_files && !supported_features->compressed_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as being transparently\n"
-       "          compressed, but transparent compression is not supported in\n"
-       "          %"TS".  These files will be extracted as uncompressed.",
-                               required_features->compressed_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->encrypted_files && !supported_features->encrypted_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as being encrypted,\n"
-       "           but encryption is not supported in %"TS".  These files\n"
-       "           will not be extracted.",
-                               required_features->encrypted_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->encrypted_directories &&
-                   !supported_features->encrypted_directories)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu directories in %"TS" are marked as being encrypted,\n"
-       "           but encryption is not supported in %"TS".\n"
-       "           These directories will be extracted as unencrypted.",
-                               required_features->encrypted_directories, loc, mode);
-               }
+       /* File attributes.  */
+       if (!(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES)) {
+               /* Note: Don't bother the user about FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE.
+                * We're an archive program, so theoretically we can do what we
+                * want with it.  */
+
+               if (required_features->hidden_files &&
+                   !supported_features->hidden_files)
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN of %lu files",
+                               required_features->hidden_files);
+
+               if (required_features->system_files &&
+                   !supported_features->system_files)
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM of %lu files",
+                               required_features->system_files);
+
+               if (required_features->compressed_files &&
+                   !supported_features->compressed_files)
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED of %lu files",
+                               required_features->compressed_files);
 
                if (required_features->not_context_indexed_files &&
                    !supported_features->not_context_indexed_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as not content indexed,\n"
-       "          but this attribute is not supported in %"TS".",
-                               required_features->not_context_indexed_files, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->sparse_files && !supported_features->sparse_files)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are marked as sparse, but creating\n"
-       "           sparse files is not supported in %"TS".  These files\n"
-       "           will be extracted as non-sparse.",
-                               required_features->sparse_files, loc, mode);
-               }
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED of %lu files",
+                               required_features->not_context_indexed_files);
 
-               if (required_features->named_data_streams &&
-                   !supported_features->named_data_streams)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" contain one or more alternate (named)\n"
-       "          data streams, which are not supported in %"TS".\n"
-       "          Alternate data streams will NOT be extracted.",
-                               required_features->named_data_streams, loc, mode);
-               }
+               if (required_features->sparse_files &&
+                   !supported_features->sparse_files)
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE of %lu files",
+                               required_features->sparse_files);
 
-               if (unlikely(extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK |
-                                             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK)) &&
-                   required_features->named_data_streams &&
-                   supported_features->named_data_streams)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" contain one or more alternate (named)\n"
-       "          data streams, which are not supported in linked extraction mode.\n"
-       "          Alternate data streams will NOT be extracted.",
-                               required_features->named_data_streams, loc);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->hard_links && !supported_features->hard_links)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are hard links, but hard links are\n"
-       "          not supported in %"TS".  Hard links will be extracted as\n"
-       "          duplicate copies of the linked files.",
-                               required_features->hard_links, loc, mode);
-               }
-
-               if (required_features->reparse_points && !supported_features->reparse_points)
-               {
-                       if (supported_features->symlink_reparse_points) {
-                               if (required_features->other_reparse_points) {
-                                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are reparse points that are neither\n"
-       "          symbolic links nor junction points and are not supported in\n"
-       "          %"TS".  These reparse points will not be extracted.",
-                                               required_features->other_reparse_points, loc,
-                                               mode);
-                               }
-                       } else {
-                               WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" are reparse points, which are\n"
-       "          not supported in %"TS" and will not be extracted.",
-                                       required_features->reparse_points, loc, mode);
-                       }
-               }
+               if (required_features->encrypted_directories &&
+                   !supported_features->encrypted_directories)
+                       WARNING("Ignoring FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED of %lu directories",
+                               required_features->encrypted_directories);
+       }
 
-               if (required_features->security_descriptors &&
-                   !supported_features->security_descriptors)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" have Windows NT security descriptors,\n"
-       "          but extracting security descriptors is not supported in\n"
-       "          %"TS".  No security descriptors will be extracted.",
-                               required_features->security_descriptors, loc, mode);
-               }
+       /* Encrypted files.  */
+       if (required_features->encrypted_files &&
+           !supported_features->encrypted_files)
+               WARNING("Ignoring %lu encrypted files",
+                       required_features->encrypted_files);
 
-               if (required_features->short_names && !supported_features->short_names)
-               {
-                       WARNING(
-                 "%lu files in %"TS" have short (DOS) names, but\n"
-       "          extracting short names is not supported in %"TS".\n"
-       "          Short names will not be extracted.\n",
-                               required_features->short_names, loc, mode);
-               }
+       /* Named data streams.  */
+       if (required_features->named_data_streams &&
+           (!supported_features->named_data_streams ||
+            (extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK |
+                              WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK))))
+               WARNING("Ignoring named data streams of %lu files",
+                       required_features->named_data_streams);
+
+       /* Hard links.  */
+       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK) &&
+           !supported_features->hard_links)
+       {
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support hard links!");
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
+       if (required_features->hard_links && !supported_features->hard_links)
+               WARNING("Extracting %lu hard links as independent files",
+                       required_features->hard_links);
 
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA) &&
-           required_features->unix_data && !supported_features->unix_data)
+       /* Symbolic links and reparse points.  */
+       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK) &&
+           !supported_features->symlink_reparse_points)
        {
-               ERROR("Extracting UNIX data is not supported in %"TS, mode);
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support symbolic links!");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SHORT_NAMES) &&
-           required_features->short_names && !supported_features->short_names)
+       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SYMLINKS) &&
+           required_features->symlink_reparse_points &&
+           !supported_features->symlink_reparse_points &&
+           !supported_features->reparse_points)
        {
-               ERROR("Extracting short names is not supported in %"TS"", mode);
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support symbolic links!");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_TIMESTAMPS) &&
-           !ops->set_timestamps)
+       if (required_features->reparse_points &&
+           !supported_features->reparse_points)
        {
-               ERROR("Extracting timestamps is not supported in %"TS"", mode);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
+               if (supported_features->symlink_reparse_points) {
+                       if (required_features->other_reparse_points) {
+                               WARNING("Ignoring %lu non-symlink/junction "
+                                       "reparse point files",
+                                       required_features->other_reparse_points);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       WARNING("Ignoring %lu reparse point files",
+                               required_features->reparse_points);
+               }
        }
+
+       /* Security descriptors.  */
        if (((extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS |
                               WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA))
             == WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS) &&
            required_features->security_descriptors &&
            !supported_features->security_descriptors)
        {
-               ERROR("Extracting security descriptors is not supported in %"TS, mode);
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support security descriptors!");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
+       if (!(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS) &&
+           required_features->security_descriptors &&
+           !supported_features->security_descriptors)
+               WARNING("Ignoring Windows NT security descriptors of %lu files",
+                       required_features->security_descriptors);
 
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK) &&
-           !supported_features->hard_links)
+       /* UNIX data.  */
+       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA) &&
+           required_features->unix_data && !supported_features->unix_data)
        {
-               ERROR("Hard link extraction mode requested, but "
-                     "%"TS" does not support hard links!", mode);
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support UNIX data!");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
 
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SYMLINKS) &&
-           required_features->symlink_reparse_points &&
-           !(supported_features->symlink_reparse_points ||
-             supported_features->reparse_points))
+       /* DOS Names.  */
+       if (required_features->short_names &&
+           !supported_features->short_names)
        {
-               ERROR("Extracting symbolic links is not supported in %"TS, mode);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
+               if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_SHORT_NAMES) {
+                       ERROR("Extraction backend does not support DOS names!");
+                       return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
+               }
+               WARNING("Ignoring DOS names of %lu files",
+                       required_features->short_names);
        }
 
-       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK) &&
-           !supported_features->symlink_reparse_points)
+       /* Timestamps.  */
+       if ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_TIMESTAMPS) &&
+           !ops->set_timestamps)
        {
-               ERROR("Symbolic link extraction mode requested, but "
-                     "%"TS" does not support symbolic "
-                     "links!", mode);
+               ERROR("Extraction backend does not support timestamps!");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
+
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2207,37 +2409,51 @@ do_extract_warnings(struct apply_ctx *ctx)
 #endif
 }
 
-static int
-dentry_set_skipped(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ignore)
+static void
+destroy_dentry_list(struct list_head *dentry_list)
 {
-       dentry->in_extraction_tree = 1;
-       dentry->extraction_skipped = 1;
-       return 0;
+       struct wim_dentry *dentry, *tmp;
+       struct wim_inode *inode;
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(dentry, tmp, dentry_list, extraction_list) {
+               inode = dentry->d_inode;
+               dentry_reset_extraction_list_node(dentry);
+               dentry->was_linked = 0;
+               dentry->skeleton_extracted = 0;
+               inode->i_visited = 0;
+               FREE(inode->i_extracted_file);
+               inode->i_extracted_file = NULL;
+               inode->i_dos_name_extracted = 0;
+               if ((void*)dentry->extraction_name != (void*)dentry->file_name)
+                       FREE(dentry->extraction_name);
+               dentry->extraction_name = NULL;
+       }
 }
 
-static int
-dentry_set_not_skipped(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ignore)
+static void
+destroy_stream_list(struct list_head *stream_list)
 {
-       dentry->in_extraction_tree = 1;
-       dentry->extraction_skipped = 0;
-       return 0;
+       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
+
+       list_for_each_entry(lte, stream_list, extraction_list)
+               if (lte->out_refcnt > ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries))
+                       FREE(lte->lte_dentries);
 }
 
 static int
 extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
-             const tchar *wim_source_path, const tchar *target,
-             int extract_flags, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+             const tchar *target, int extract_flags,
+             wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
 {
-       struct wim_features required_features;
-       struct apply_ctx ctx;
        int ret;
-       struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
-
-       wimlib_assert(num_trees != 0);
-       wimlib_assert(target != NULL);
+       struct apply_ctx ctx;
+       struct list_head dentry_list;
+       struct wim_features required_features;
 
-       if (num_trees > 1)
-               wimlib_assert((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE));
+       /* Handle stdout extraction as a separate case.  */
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT)
+               return extract_dentries_to_stdout(trees, num_trees,
+                                                 wim->lookup_table);
 
        /* Start initializing the apply_ctx.  */
        memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(struct apply_ctx));
@@ -2253,100 +2469,71 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
                                                      WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC);
                ctx.progress.extract.image_name = wimlib_get_image_name(wim,
                                                                        wim->current_image);
-               ctx.progress.extract.extract_root_wim_source_path = wim_source_path;
                ctx.progress.extract.target = target;
        }
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx.stream_list);
 
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE) {
-               /* Path mode --- there may be multiple trees, and targets are
-                * set relative to the root of the image.
-                *
-                * Consider all dentries to be in the extraction tree, but
-                * assume all to be skipped unless in one of the subtrees being
-                * extracted or one of the ancestors of the subtrees up to the
-                * image root.  */
-               ctx.extract_root = wim_root_dentry(wim);
-               for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_set_skipped, NULL);
+       ctx.target_dentry = wim_root_dentry(wim);
+       /* Note: ctx.target_dentry represents the dentry that gets extracted to
+        * @target.  There may be none, in which case it gets set to the image
+        * root and never matches any of the dentries actually being extracted.
+        */
 
-               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_trees; i++) {
-                       struct wim_dentry *d;
+       num_trees = remove_duplicate_trees(trees, num_trees);
 
-                       for_dentry_in_tree(trees[i], dentry_set_not_skipped, NULL);
-                       d = trees[i];
-                       while (d != ctx.extract_root) {
-                               d = d->parent;
-                               dentry_set_not_skipped(d, NULL);
-                       }
-               }
-       } else {
-               ctx.extract_root = trees[0];
-               for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_set_not_skipped, NULL);
-       }
+       /* All trees are now distinct.  */
 
-       /* Select the appropriate apply_operations based on the
-        * platform and extract_flags.  */
-#ifdef __WIN32__
-       ctx.ops = &win32_apply_ops;
-#else
-       ctx.ops = &unix_apply_ops;
-#endif
+       num_trees = remove_contained_trees(trees, num_trees);
 
-#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS)
-               ctx.ops = &ntfs_3g_apply_ops;
-#endif
+       /* All trees are now distinct and non-overlapping.  */
+
+       /* Build list of dentries to be extracted.  */
+       build_dentry_list(&dentry_list, trees, num_trees,
+                         !(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_PRESERVE_DIR_STRUCTURE));
+
+       /* Select the appropriate apply_operations based on the platform and
+        * extract_flags.  */
+       ctx.ops = select_apply_operations(extract_flags);
+
+       /* Figure out whether the root dentry is being extracted to the root of
+        * a volume and therefore needs to be treated "specially", for example
+        * not being explicitly created and not having attributes set.  */
+       if (ctx.ops->target_is_root && ctx.ops->root_directory_is_special)
+               ctx.root_dentry_is_special = ctx.ops->target_is_root(target);
 
        /* Call the start_extract() callback.  This gives the apply_operations
         * implementation a chance to do any setup needed to access the volume.
-        * Furthermore, it's expected to set the supported features of this
-        * extraction mode (ctx.supported_features), which are determined at
-        * runtime as they may vary depending on the actual volume.  These
-        * features are then compared with the actual features extracting this
-        * dentry tree requires.  Some mismatches will merely produce warnings
-        * and the unsupported data will be ignored; others will produce errors.
-        */
+        * Furthermore, start_extract() is expected to set the supported
+        * features of this extraction mode (ctx.supported_features), which are
+        * determined at runtime as they may vary depending on the actual
+        * volume.  */
        ret = ctx.ops->start_extract(target, &ctx);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_dentry_reset_needs_extraction;
+               goto out_destroy_dentry_list;
 
-       /* Get and check the features required to extract the dentry tree.  */
-       dentry_tree_get_features(ctx.extract_root, &required_features);
+       /* Get and check the features required to extract the dentries.  */
+       dentry_list_get_features(&dentry_list, &required_features);
        ret = do_feature_check(&required_features, &ctx.supported_features,
-                              extract_flags, ctx.ops,
-                              wim_source_path,
-                              !(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE));
+                              extract_flags, ctx.ops);
        if (ret)
                goto out_finish_or_abort_extract;
 
        ctx.supported_attributes_mask =
                compute_supported_attributes_mask(&ctx.supported_features);
 
-       /* Figure out whether the root dentry is being extracted to the root of
-        * a volume and therefore needs to be treated "specially", for example
-        * not being explicitly created and not having attributes set.  */
-       if (ctx.ops->target_is_root && ctx.ops->root_directory_is_special)
-               ctx.root_dentry_is_special = ctx.ops->target_is_root(target);
-
-       /* Calculate the actual filename component of each extracted dentry.  In
-        * the process, set the dentry->extraction_skipped flag on dentries that
-        * are being skipped because of filename or supported features problems.  */
-       ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root,
-                                dentry_calculate_extraction_path, &ctx);
+       /* Calculate extraction name for each dentry and remove subtrees that
+        * can't be extracted due to naming problems.  */
+       ret = dentry_list_calculate_extraction_names(&dentry_list, &ctx);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_dentry_reset_needs_extraction;
+               goto out_finish_or_abort_extract;
 
-       /* Build the list of the streams that need to be extracted and
-        * initialize ctx.progress.extract with stream information.  */
-       ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root,
-                                dentry_resolve_and_zero_lte_refcnt, &ctx);
+       /* Build list of streams to extract.  */
+       ret = dentry_list_resolve_streams(&dentry_list, &ctx);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_dentry_reset_needs_extraction;
-
-       ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root,
-                                dentry_add_streams_to_extract, &ctx);
+               goto out_finish_or_abort_extract;
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx.stream_list);
+       ret = dentry_list_ref_streams(&dentry_list, &ctx);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_teardown_stream_list;
+               goto out_destroy_stream_list;
 
        if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FROM_PIPE) {
                /* When extracting from a pipe, the number of bytes of data to
@@ -2369,15 +2556,6 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
                }
        }
 
-       /* Handle the special case of extracting a file to standard
-        * output.  In that case, "root" should be a single file, not a
-        * directory tree.  (If not, extract_dentry_to_stdout() will
-        * return an error.)  */
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT) {
-               ret = extract_dentry_to_stdout(ctx.extract_root);
-               goto out_teardown_stream_list;
-       }
-
        if (ctx.ops->realpath_works_on_nonexisting_files &&
            ((extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RPFIX) ||
             ctx.ops->requires_realtarget_in_paths))
@@ -2385,26 +2563,36 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
                ctx.realtarget = realpath(target, NULL);
                if (!ctx.realtarget) {
                        ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-                       goto out_teardown_stream_list;
+                       goto out_destroy_stream_list;
                }
                ctx.realtarget_nchars = tstrlen(ctx.realtarget);
+       #ifdef __WIN32__
+              /* Strip trailing slashes.  If we don't do this, we may create a
+               * path with multiple consecutive backslashes, which for some
+               * reason causes Windows to report that the file cannot be found.
+               */
+               while (ctx.realtarget_nchars >= 2
+                      && ctx.realtarget[ctx.realtarget_nchars - 1] == L'\\'
+                      && ctx.realtarget[ctx.realtarget_nchars - 2] != L':')
+               {
+                       ctx.realtarget[--ctx.realtarget_nchars] = L'\0';
+               }
+       #endif
        }
 
        if (progress_func) {
                int msg;
-               if (*wim_source_path || (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE))
-                       msg = WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_BEGIN;
-               else
+               if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE)
                        msg = WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_BEGIN;
+               else
+                       msg = WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_BEGIN;
                progress_func(msg, &ctx.progress);
        }
 
-       if (!ctx.root_dentry_is_special)
-       {
+       if (!ctx.root_dentry_is_special) {
                tchar path[ctx.ops->path_max];
-               if (build_extraction_path(path, ctx.extract_root, &ctx))
-               {
-                       ret = extract_inode(path, &ctx, ctx.extract_root->d_inode);
+               if (build_extraction_path(path, ctx.target_dentry, &ctx)) {
+                       ret = extract_inode(path, &ctx, ctx.target_dentry->d_inode);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out_free_realtarget;
                }
@@ -2431,8 +2619,10 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
        }
 
        if (ctx.ops->requires_short_name_reordering) {
-               ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_extract_dir_skeleton,
-                                        &ctx);
+               if (progress_func)
+                       progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_BEGIN,
+                                     &ctx.progress);
+               ret = extract_dir_structure(&dentry_list, &ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_realtarget;
        }
@@ -2440,13 +2630,13 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
        /* Finally, the important part: extract the tree of files.  */
        if (!(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER)) {
                /* Sequential extraction requested, so two passes are needed
-                * (one for directory structure, one for streams.)  */
-               if (progress_func)
+                * (one for file structure, one for streams.)  */
+               if (progress_func && !ctx.ops->requires_short_name_reordering)
                        progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_BEGIN,
                                      &ctx.progress);
 
                if (!(extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RESUME)) {
-                       ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_extract_skeleton, &ctx);
+                       ret = extract_structure(&dentry_list, &ctx);
                        if (ret)
                                goto out_free_realtarget;
                }
@@ -2463,10 +2653,10 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
                /* Sequential extraction was not requested, so we can make do
                 * with one pass where we both create the files and extract
                 * streams.   */
-               if (progress_func)
+               if (progress_func && !ctx.ops->requires_short_name_reordering)
                        progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_BEGIN,
                                      &ctx.progress);
-               ret = for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_extract, &ctx);
+               ret = extract_dentries(&dentry_list, &ctx);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_realtarget;
                if (progress_func)
@@ -2498,28 +2688,25 @@ extract_trees(WIMStruct *wim, struct wim_dentry **trees, size_t num_trees,
        if (progress_func)
                progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_APPLY_TIMESTAMPS,
                              &ctx.progress);
-       ret = for_dentry_in_tree_depth(ctx.extract_root, dentry_extract_final, &ctx);
+       ret = extract_final_metadata(&dentry_list, &ctx);
        if (ret)
                goto out_free_realtarget;
 
        if (progress_func) {
-               progress_func(*wim_source_path ? WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_END :
-                             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_END,
-                             &ctx.progress);
+               int msg;
+               if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE)
+                       msg = WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_END;
+               else
+                       msg = WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_END;
+               progress_func(msg, &ctx.progress);
        }
-
        do_extract_warnings(&ctx);
-
        ret = 0;
 out_free_realtarget:
        FREE(ctx.realtarget);
-out_teardown_stream_list:
-       /* Free memory allocated as part of the mapping from each
-        * wim_lookup_table_entry to the dentries that reference it.  */
+out_destroy_stream_list:
        if (!(ctx.extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER))
-               list_for_each_entry(lte, &ctx.stream_list, extraction_list)
-                       if (lte->out_refcnt > ARRAY_LEN(lte->inline_lte_dentries))
-                               FREE(lte->lte_dentries);
+               destroy_stream_list(&ctx.stream_list);
 out_finish_or_abort_extract:
        if (ret) {
                if (ctx.ops->abort_extract)
@@ -2528,79 +2715,38 @@ out_finish_or_abort_extract:
                if (ctx.ops->finish_extract)
                        ret = ctx.ops->finish_extract(&ctx);
        }
-out_dentry_reset_needs_extraction:
-       for_dentry_in_tree(ctx.extract_root, dentry_reset_needs_extraction, NULL);
+out_destroy_dentry_list:
+       destroy_dentry_list(&dentry_list);
        return ret;
 }
 
-/*
- * extract_tree - Extract a file or directory tree from the currently selected
- *               WIM image.
- *
- * @wim:       WIMStruct for the WIM file, with the desired image selected
- *             (as wim->current_image).
- *
- * @wim_source_path:
- *             "Canonical" (i.e. no leading or trailing slashes, path
- *             separators WIM_PATH_SEPARATOR) path inside the WIM image to
- *             extract.  An empty string means the full image.
- *
- * @target:
- *             Filesystem path to extract the file or directory tree to.
- *             (Or, with WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS: the name of a NTFS volume.)
- *
- * @extract_flags:
- *             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_*.  Also, the private flag
- *             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_MULTI_IMAGE will be set if this is being
- *             called through wimlib_extract_image() with WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES as
- *             the image.
- *
- * @progress_func:
- *             If non-NULL, progress function for the extraction.  The messages
- *             that may be sent in this function are:
- *
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_BEGIN or
- *                     WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_BEGIN;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_BEGIN;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_END;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DENTRY;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_STREAMS;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_APPLY_TIMESTAMPS;
- *             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_END or
- *                     WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_END.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success; a positive WIMLIB_ERR_* code on failure.
- */
 static int
-extract_tree(WIMStruct *wim, const tchar *wim_source_path,
-            const tchar *target, int extract_flags,
-            wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+mkdir_if_needed(const tchar *target)
 {
-       struct wim_dentry *root;
-
-       root = get_dentry(wim, wim_source_path, WIMLIB_CASE_PLATFORM_DEFAULT);
-
-       if (root == NULL) {
-                 ERROR("Path \"%"TS"\" does not exist in WIM image %d",
-                       wim_source_path, wim->current_image);
-                 return WIMLIB_ERR_PATH_DOES_NOT_EXIST;
+       struct stat stbuf;
+       if (tstat(target, &stbuf)) {
+               if (errno == ENOENT) {
+                       if (tmkdir(target, 0755)) {
+                               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to create directory "
+                                                "\"%"TS"\"", target);
+                               return WIMLIB_ERR_MKDIR;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to stat \"%"TS"\"", target);
+                       return WIMLIB_ERR_STAT;
+               }
+       } else if (!S_ISDIR(stbuf.st_mode)) {
+               ERROR("\"%"TS"\" is not a directory", target);
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOTDIR;
        }
-       return extract_trees(wim, &root, 1, wim_source_path,
-                            target, extract_flags, progress_func);
+       return 0;
 }
 
-/* Validates a single wimlib_extract_command, mostly checking to make sure the
- * extract flags make sense. */
+/* Make sure the extraction flags make sense, and update them if needed.  */
 static int
-check_extract_command(struct wimlib_extract_command *cmd, int wim_header_flags)
+check_extract_flags(const WIMStruct *wim, int *extract_flags_p)
 {
-       int extract_flags;
-
-       /* Empty destination path? */
-       if (cmd->fs_dest_path[0] == T('\0'))
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-       extract_flags = cmd->extract_flags;
+       int extract_flags = *extract_flags_p;
 
        /* Check for invalid flag combinations  */
        if ((extract_flags &
@@ -2609,9 +2755,6 @@ check_extract_command(struct wimlib_extract_command *cmd, int wim_header_flags)
                                                 WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK))
                return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS)
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
        if ((extract_flags &
             (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS |
              WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS)) == (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS |
@@ -2629,20 +2772,29 @@ check_extract_command(struct wimlib_extract_command *cmd, int wim_header_flags)
              WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FROM_PIPE)) == WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RESUME)
                return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS) {
 #ifndef WITH_NTFS_3G
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS) {
                ERROR("wimlib was compiled without support for NTFS-3g, so\n"
-                     "        we cannot apply a WIM image directly to a NTFS volume.");
+                     "        it cannot apply a WIM image directly to a NTFS volume.");
                return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
+       }
 #endif
+
+#ifndef __WIN32__
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_WIMBOOT) {
+               ERROR("WIMBoot extraction is only supported on Windows!");
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
        }
+#endif
 
        if ((extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RPFIX |
-                             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX)) == 0)
+                             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX |
+                             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE)) ==
+                                       WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE)
        {
-               /* Do reparse point fixups by default if the WIM header says
-                * they are enabled and we are extracting a full image. */
-               if (wim_header_flags & WIM_HDR_FLAG_RP_FIX)
+               /* For full-image extraction, do reparse point fixups by default
+                * if the WIM header says they are enabled.  */
+               if (wim->hdr.flags & WIM_HDR_FLAG_RP_FIX)
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RPFIX;
        }
 
@@ -2666,159 +2818,165 @@ check_extract_command(struct wimlib_extract_command *cmd, int wim_header_flags)
                }
        }
 
-       cmd->extract_flags = extract_flags;
+       *extract_flags_p = extract_flags;
        return 0;
 }
 
+static u32
+get_wildcard_flags(int extract_flags)
+{
+       u32 wildcard_flags = 0;
+
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_GLOB)
+               wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_ERROR_IF_NO_MATCH;
+       else
+               wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_WARN_IF_NO_MATCH;
+
+       if (default_ignore_case)
+               wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_CASE_INSENSITIVE;
+
+       return wildcard_flags;
+}
+
+struct append_dentry_ctx {
+       struct wim_dentry **dentries;
+       size_t num_dentries;
+       size_t num_alloc_dentries;
+};
 
-/* Internal function to execute extraction commands for a WIM image.  The paths
- * in the extract commands are expected to be already "canonicalized".  */
 static int
-do_wimlib_extract_files(WIMStruct *wim,
-                       int image,
-                       struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds,
-                       size_t num_cmds,
-                       wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+append_dentry_cb(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
+{
+       struct append_dentry_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
+
+       if (ctx->num_dentries == ctx->num_alloc_dentries) {
+               struct wim_dentry **new_dentries;
+               size_t new_length;
+
+               new_length = max(ctx->num_alloc_dentries + 8,
+                                ctx->num_alloc_dentries * 3 / 2);
+               new_dentries = REALLOC(ctx->dentries,
+                                      new_length * sizeof(ctx->dentries[0]));
+               if (new_dentries == NULL)
+                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+               ctx->dentries = new_dentries;
+               ctx->num_alloc_dentries = new_length;
+       }
+       ctx->dentries[ctx->num_dentries++] = dentry;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+do_wimlib_extract_paths(WIMStruct *wim, int image, const tchar *target,
+                       const tchar * const *paths, size_t num_paths,
+                       int extract_flags, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
 {
        int ret;
-       bool found_link_cmd = false;
-       bool found_nolink_cmd = false;
+       struct wim_dentry **trees;
+       size_t num_trees;
+
+       if (wim == NULL || target == NULL || target[0] == T('\0') ||
+           (num_paths != 0 && paths == NULL))
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+       ret = check_extract_flags(wim, &extract_flags);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-       /* Select the image from which we are extracting files */
        ret = select_wim_image(wim, image);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       /* Make sure there are no streams in the WIM that have not been
-        * checksummed yet.  */
        ret = wim_checksum_unhashed_streams(wim);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
 
-       /* Check for problems with the extraction commands */
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
-               ret = check_extract_command(&cmds[i], wim->hdr.flags);
-               if (ret)
-                       return ret;
-               if (cmds[i].extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK |
-                                            WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK)) {
-                       found_link_cmd = true;
-               } else {
-                       found_nolink_cmd = true;
-               }
-               if (found_link_cmd && found_nolink_cmd) {
-                       ERROR("Symlink or hardlink extraction mode must "
-                             "be set on all extraction commands");
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-               }
-       }
-
-       /* Execute the extraction commands */
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
-               ret = extract_tree(wim,
-                                  cmds[i].wim_source_path,
-                                  cmds[i].fs_dest_path,
-                                  cmds[i].extract_flags,
-                                  progress_func);
+       if ((extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS |
+                             WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_PRESERVE_DIR_STRUCTURE)) ==
+           (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_PRESERVE_DIR_STRUCTURE))
+       {
+               ret = mkdir_if_needed(target);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;
        }
-       return 0;
-}
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_extract_files(WIMStruct *wim,
-                    int image,
-                    const struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds,
-                    size_t num_cmds,
-                    int default_extract_flags,
-                    wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
-{
-       int ret;
-       struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds_copy;
-       int all_flags = 0;
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS) {
 
-       default_extract_flags &= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC;
+               struct append_dentry_ctx append_dentry_ctx = {
+                       .dentries = NULL,
+                       .num_dentries = 0,
+                       .num_alloc_dentries = 0,
+               };
 
-       if (num_cmds == 0)
-               return 0;
+               u32 wildcard_flags = get_wildcard_flags(extract_flags);
 
-       cmds_copy = CALLOC(num_cmds, sizeof(cmds[0]));
-       if (!cmds_copy)
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
+                       tchar *path = canonicalize_wim_path(paths[i]);
+                       if (path == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               trees = append_dentry_ctx.dentries;
+                               goto out_free_trees;
+                       }
+                       ret = expand_wildcard(wim, path,
+                                             append_dentry_cb,
+                                             &append_dentry_ctx,
+                                             wildcard_flags);
+                       FREE(path);
+                       if (ret) {
+                               trees = append_dentry_ctx.dentries;
+                               goto out_free_trees;
+                       }
+               }
+               trees = append_dentry_ctx.dentries;
+               num_trees = append_dentry_ctx.num_dentries;
+       } else {
+               trees = MALLOC(num_paths * sizeof(trees[0]));
+               if (trees == NULL)
+                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
-               cmds_copy[i].extract_flags = (default_extract_flags |
-                                                cmds[i].extract_flags)
-                                               & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC;
-               all_flags |= cmds_copy[i].extract_flags;
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
 
-               cmds_copy[i].wim_source_path = canonicalize_wim_path(cmds[i].wim_source_path);
-               if (!cmds_copy[i].wim_source_path) {
-                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-                       goto out_free_cmds_copy;
-               }
+                       tchar *path = canonicalize_wim_path(paths[i]);
+                       if (path == NULL) {
+                               ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
+                               goto out_free_trees;
+                       }
 
-               cmds_copy[i].fs_dest_path = canonicalize_fs_path(cmds[i].fs_dest_path);
-               if (!cmds_copy[i].fs_dest_path) {
-                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-                       goto out_free_cmds_copy;
+                       trees[i] = get_dentry(wim, path,
+                                             WIMLIB_CASE_PLATFORM_DEFAULT);
+                       FREE(path);
+                       if (trees[i] == NULL) {
+                                 ERROR("Path \"%"TS"\" does not exist "
+                                       "in WIM image %d",
+                                       paths[i], wim->current_image);
+                                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_PATH_DOES_NOT_EXIST;
+                                 goto out_free_trees;
+                       }
                }
-
+               num_trees = num_paths;
        }
-       ret = do_wimlib_extract_files(wim, image,
-                                     cmds_copy, num_cmds,
-                                     progress_func);
 
-       if (all_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK |
-                        WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK))
-       {
-               for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table,
-                                      lte_free_extracted_file, NULL);
-       }
-out_free_cmds_copy:
-       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
-               FREE(cmds_copy[i].wim_source_path);
-               FREE(cmds_copy[i].fs_dest_path);
+       if (num_trees == 0) {
+               ret = 0;
+               goto out_free_trees;
        }
-       FREE(cmds_copy);
+
+       ret = extract_trees(wim, trees, num_trees,
+                           target, extract_flags, progress_func);
+out_free_trees:
+       FREE(trees);
        return ret;
 }
 
-/*
- * Extracts an image from a WIM file.
- *
- * @wim:               WIMStruct for the WIM file.
- *
- * @image:             Number of the single image to extract.
- *
- * @target:            Directory or NTFS volume to extract the image to.
- *
- * @extract_flags:     Bitwise or of WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_*.
- *
- * @progress_func:     If non-NULL, a progress function to be called
- *                     periodically.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
- */
 static int
 extract_single_image(WIMStruct *wim, int image,
                     const tchar *target, int extract_flags,
                     wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
 {
-       int ret;
-       tchar *target_copy = canonicalize_fs_path(target);
-       if (target_copy == NULL)
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-       struct wimlib_extract_command cmd = {
-               .wim_source_path = T(""),
-               .fs_dest_path = target_copy,
-               .extract_flags = extract_flags,
-       };
-       ret = do_wimlib_extract_files(wim, image, &cmd, 1, progress_func);
-       FREE(target_copy);
-       return ret;
+       const tchar *path = WIMLIB_WIM_ROOT_PATH;
+       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_IMAGEMODE;
+       return do_wimlib_extract_paths(wim, image, target, &path, 1,
+                                      extract_flags, progress_func);
 }
 
 static const tchar * const filename_forbidden_chars =
@@ -2855,7 +3013,6 @@ extract_all_images(WIMStruct *wim,
        int ret;
        int image;
        const tchar *image_name;
-       struct stat stbuf;
 
        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_MULTI_IMAGE;
 
@@ -2864,21 +3021,9 @@ extract_all_images(WIMStruct *wim,
                return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
        }
 
-       if (tstat(target, &stbuf)) {
-               if (errno == ENOENT) {
-                       if (tmkdir(target, 0755)) {
-                               ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to create directory \"%"TS"\"", target);
-                               return WIMLIB_ERR_MKDIR;
-                       }
-               } else {
-                       ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to stat \"%"TS"\"", target);
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_STAT;
-               }
-       } else if (!S_ISDIR(stbuf.st_mode)) {
-               ERROR("\"%"TS"\" is not a directory", target);
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_NOTDIR;
-       }
-
+       ret = mkdir_if_needed(target);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
        tmemcpy(buf, target, output_path_len);
        buf[output_path_len] = OS_PREFERRED_PATH_SEPARATOR;
        for (image = 1; image <= wim->hdr.image_count; image++) {
@@ -2898,6 +3043,15 @@ extract_all_images(WIMStruct *wim,
        return 0;
 }
 
+static void
+clear_lte_extracted_file(WIMStruct *wim, int extract_flags)
+{
+       if (unlikely(extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK |
+                                     WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK)))
+               for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table,
+                                      lte_free_extracted_file, NULL);
+}
+
 static int
 do_wimlib_extract_image(WIMStruct *wim,
                        int image,
@@ -2907,25 +3061,68 @@ do_wimlib_extract_image(WIMStruct *wim,
 {
        int ret;
 
-       if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
+       if (extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_PRESERVE_DIR_STRUCTURE |
+                            WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT |
+                            WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS))
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+       if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES)
                ret = extract_all_images(wim, target, extract_flags,
                                         progress_func);
-       } else {
+       else
                ret = extract_single_image(wim, image, target, extract_flags,
                                           progress_func);
-       }
 
-       if (extract_flags & (WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK |
-                            WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK))
-       {
-               for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table,
-                                      lte_free_extracted_file,
-                                      NULL);
+       clear_lte_extracted_file(wim, extract_flags);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ *                          Extraction API                                  *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+WIMLIBAPI int
+wimlib_extract_paths(WIMStruct *wim, int image, const tchar *target,
+                    const tchar * const *paths, size_t num_paths,
+                    int extract_flags, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+{
+       int ret;
+
+       if (extract_flags & ~WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC)
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+       ret = do_wimlib_extract_paths(wim, image, target, paths, num_paths,
+                                     extract_flags, progress_func);
+       clear_lte_extracted_file(wim, extract_flags);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+WIMLIBAPI int
+wimlib_extract_pathlist(WIMStruct *wim, int image, const tchar *target,
+                       const tchar *path_list_file, int extract_flags,
+                       wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+{
+       int ret;
+       tchar **paths;
+       size_t num_paths;
+       void *mem;
+
+       ret = read_path_list_file(path_list_file, &paths, &num_paths, &mem);
+       if (ret) {
+               ERROR("Failed to read path list file \"%"TS"\"",
+                     path_list_file);
+               return ret;
        }
+
+       ret = wimlib_extract_paths(wim, image, target,
+                                  (const tchar * const *)paths, num_paths,
+                                  extract_flags, progress_func);
+       FREE(paths);
+       FREE(mem);
        return ret;
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
 WIMLIBAPI int
 wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(int pipe_fd, const tchar *image_num_or_name,
                               const tchar *target, int extract_flags,
@@ -2937,9 +3134,10 @@ wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(int pipe_fd, const tchar *image_num_or_name,
        int image;
        unsigned i;
 
-       extract_flags &= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC;
+       if (extract_flags & ~WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC)
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT)
+       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_FILE_ORDER)
                return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 
        /* Read the WIM header from the pipe and get a WIMStruct to represent
@@ -3000,7 +3198,7 @@ wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(int pipe_fd, const tchar *image_num_or_name,
 
                if (wim_info_get_num_images(pwm->wim_info) != pwm->hdr.image_count) {
                        ERROR("Image count in XML data is not the same as in WIM header.");
-                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_XML;
+                       ret = WIMLIB_ERR_IMAGE_COUNT;
                        goto out_wimlib_free;
                }
        }
@@ -3015,7 +3213,7 @@ wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(int pipe_fd, const tchar *image_num_or_name,
                        ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
                        goto out_wimlib_free;
                } else if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
-                       ERROR("Applying all images from a pipe is not supported.");
+                       ERROR("Applying all images from a pipe is not supported!");
                        ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
                        goto out_wimlib_free;
                }
@@ -3063,7 +3261,7 @@ wimlib_extract_image_from_pipe(int pipe_fd, const tchar *image_num_or_name,
                }
 
                if (i == image) {
-                       /* Metadata resource is for the images being extracted.
+                       /* Metadata resource is for the image being extracted.
                         * Parse it and save the metadata in memory.  */
                        ret = read_metadata_resource(pwm, imd);
                        if (ret)
@@ -3087,154 +3285,12 @@ out_wimlib_free:
        return ret;
 }
 
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
 WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_extract_image(WIMStruct *wim,
-                    int image,
-                    const tchar *target,
-                    int extract_flags,
-                    wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
+wimlib_extract_image(WIMStruct *wim, int image, const tchar *target,
+                    int extract_flags, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
 {
-       extract_flags &= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC;
+       if (extract_flags & ~WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC)
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
        return do_wimlib_extract_image(wim, image, target, extract_flags,
                                       progress_func);
 }
-
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_extract_pathlist(WIMStruct *wim, int image,
-                       const tchar *target,
-                       const tchar *path_list_file,
-                       int extract_flags,
-                       wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
-{
-       int ret;
-       tchar **paths;
-       size_t num_paths;
-       void *mem;
-
-       ret = read_path_list_file(path_list_file, &paths, &num_paths, &mem);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
-
-       ret = wimlib_extract_paths(wim, image, target,
-                                  (const tchar * const *)paths, num_paths,
-                                  extract_flags, progress_func);
-       FREE(paths);
-       FREE(mem);
-       return ret;
-}
-
-struct append_dentry_ctx {
-       struct wim_dentry **dentries;
-       size_t num_dentries;
-       size_t num_alloc_dentries;
-};
-
-static int
-append_dentry_cb(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *_ctx)
-{
-       struct append_dentry_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
-
-       if (ctx->num_dentries == ctx->num_alloc_dentries) {
-               struct wim_dentry **new_dentries;
-               size_t new_length;
-
-               new_length = max(ctx->num_alloc_dentries + 8,
-                                ctx->num_alloc_dentries * 3 / 2);
-               new_dentries = REALLOC(ctx->dentries,
-                                      new_length * sizeof(ctx->dentries[0]));
-               if (new_dentries == NULL)
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-               ctx->dentries = new_dentries;
-               ctx->num_alloc_dentries = new_length;
-       }
-       ctx->dentries[ctx->num_dentries++] = dentry;
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
-WIMLIBAPI int
-wimlib_extract_paths(WIMStruct *wim,
-                    int image,
-                    const tchar *target,
-                    const tchar * const *paths,
-                    size_t num_paths,
-                    int extract_flags,
-                    wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
-{
-       int ret;
-       struct append_dentry_ctx append_dentry_ctx = {
-               .dentries = NULL,
-               .num_dentries = 0,
-               .num_alloc_dentries = 0,
-       };
-       struct wim_dentry **trees;
-       size_t num_trees;
-
-       extract_flags &= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC;
-
-       if (target == NULL || (num_paths != 0 && paths == NULL))
-               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-       ret = select_wim_image(wim, image);
-       if (ret)
-               return ret;
-
-       if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS) {
-               u32 wildcard_flags = 0;
-
-               if (extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_GLOB)
-                       wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_ERROR_IF_NO_MATCH;
-               else
-                       wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_WARN_IF_NO_MATCH;
-
-               if (default_ignore_case)
-                       wildcard_flags |= WILDCARD_FLAG_CASE_INSENSITIVE;
-
-               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
-                       ret = expand_wildcard(wim, paths[i],
-                                             append_dentry_cb,
-                                             &append_dentry_ctx,
-                                             wildcard_flags);
-                       if (ret) {
-                               trees = append_dentry_ctx.dentries;
-                               goto out_free_trees;
-                       }
-               }
-               trees = append_dentry_ctx.dentries;
-               num_trees = append_dentry_ctx.num_dentries;
-       } else {
-               trees = MALLOC(num_paths * sizeof(trees[0]));
-               if (trees == NULL)
-                       return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
-
-               for (size_t i = 0; i < num_paths; i++) {
-                       trees[i] = get_dentry(wim, paths[i],
-                                             WIMLIB_CASE_PLATFORM_DEFAULT);
-                       if (trees[i] == NULL) {
-                                 ERROR("Path \"%"TS"\" does not exist "
-                                       "in WIM image %d",
-                                       paths[i], wim->current_image);
-                                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_PATH_DOES_NOT_EXIST;
-                                 goto out_free_trees;
-                       }
-               }
-               num_trees = num_paths;
-       }
-
-       if (num_trees == 0) {
-               ret = 0;
-               goto out_free_trees;
-       }
-
-       ret = extract_trees(wim, trees, num_trees,
-                           T(""), target,
-                           ((extract_flags &
-                               ~WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_GLOB_PATHS)
-                               | WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_PATHMODE),
-                           progress_func);
-out_free_trees:
-       FREE(trees);
-       return ret;
-}