]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - programs/imagex.c
imagex_update(): Acquire capture privileges on Windows
[wimlib] / programs / imagex.c
index a2e9e5ea4b3f916d999455a028f960124184a284..601ad01ca53374a06c63007c5174b4fee5b4f26b 100644 (file)
  * along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include "config.h"
-#include "wimlib_tchar.h"
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#  include "config.h" /* Need for PACKAGE_VERSION, etc. */
+#endif
+
 #include "wimlib.h"
+#include "wimlib_tchar.h"
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
@@ -40,7 +43,7 @@
 #include <locale.h>
 
 #ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
-#include <alloca.h>
+#  include <alloca.h>
 #endif
 
 #ifdef __WIN32__
@@ -68,6 +71,7 @@ enum imagex_op_type {
        DELETE,
        DIR,
        EXPORT,
+       EXTRACT,
        INFO,
        JOIN,
        MOUNT,
@@ -75,10 +79,13 @@ enum imagex_op_type {
        OPTIMIZE,
        SPLIT,
        UNMOUNT,
+       UPDATE,
 };
 
 static void usage(int cmd_type);
-static void usage_all();
+static void usage_all(void);
+
+static bool imagex_be_quiet = false;
 
 
 static const tchar *usage_strings[] = {
@@ -88,14 +95,15 @@ IMAGEX_PROGNAME" append (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) WIMFILE [IMAGE_NAME]\n"
 "                     [DESCRIPTION] [--boot] [--check] [--flags EDITION_ID]\n"
 "                     [--verbose] [--dereference] [--config=FILE]\n"
 "                     [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--rebuild] [--unix-data]\n"
-"                     [--source-list] [--noacls]\n"
+"                     [--source-list] [--no-acls] [--strict-acls]\n"
+"                     [--rpfix] [--norpfix]\n"
 ),
 [APPLY] =
 T(
 IMAGEX_PROGNAME" apply WIMFILE [IMAGE_NUM | IMAGE_NAME | all]\n"
 "                    (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) [--check] [--hardlink]\n"
 "                    [--symlink] [--verbose] [--ref=\"GLOB\"] [--unix-data]\n"
-"                    [--noacls]\n"
+"                    [--no-acls] [--strict-acls] [--rpfix] [--norpfix]\n"
 ),
 [CAPTURE] =
 T(
@@ -103,7 +111,8 @@ IMAGEX_PROGNAME" capture (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) WIMFILE [IMAGE_NAME]\n"
 "                      [DESCRIPTION] [--boot] [--check] [--compress=TYPE]\n"
 "                      [--flags EDITION_ID] [--verbose] [--dereference]\n"
 "                      [--config=FILE] [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--unix-data]\n"
-"                      [--source-list] [--noacls]\n"
+"                      [--source-list] [--no-acls] [--strict-acls]\n"
+"                      [--rpfix] [--norpfix]\n"
 ),
 [DELETE] =
 T(
@@ -120,6 +129,12 @@ IMAGEX_PROGNAME" export SRC_WIMFILE (SRC_IMAGE_NUM | SRC_IMAGE_NAME | all ) \n"
 "              [--boot] [--check] [--compress=TYPE] [--ref=\"GLOB\"]\n"
 "              [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--rebuild]\n"
 ),
+[EXTRACT] =
+T(
+IMAGEX_PROGNAME" extract WIMFILE (IMAGE_NUM | IMAGE_NAME) [PATH...]\n"
+"              [--check] [--ref=\"GLOB\"] [--verbose] [--unix-data]\n"
+"              [--no-acls] [--strict-acls] [--to-stdout] [--dest-dir=DIR]\n"
+),
 [INFO] =
 T(
 IMAGEX_PROGNAME" info WIMFILE [IMAGE_NUM | IMAGE_NAME] [NEW_NAME]\n"
@@ -145,6 +160,7 @@ IMAGEX_PROGNAME" mountrw WIMFILE [IMAGE_NUM | IMAGE_NAME] DIRECTORY\n"
 [OPTIMIZE] =
 T(
 IMAGEX_PROGNAME" optimize WIMFILE [--check] [--recompress]\n"
+"                      [--threads=NUM_THREADS]\n"
 ),
 [SPLIT] =
 T(
@@ -152,97 +168,203 @@ IMAGEX_PROGNAME" split WIMFILE SPLIT_WIMFILE PART_SIZE_MB [--check]\n"
 ),
 [UNMOUNT] =
 T(
-IMAGEX_PROGNAME" unmount DIRECTORY [--commit] [--check] [--rebuild]\n"
+IMAGEX_PROGNAME" unmount DIRECTORY [--commit] [--check] [--rebuild] [--lazy]\n"
+),
+[UPDATE] =
+T(
+IMAGEX_PROGNAME" update WIMFILE [IMAGE_NUM | IMAGE_NAME] [--check] [--rebuild]\n"
+"                       [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [DEFAULT_ADD_OPTIONS]\n"
+"                       [DEFAULT_DELETE_OPTIONS] < CMDFILE\n"
 ),
 };
 
+
+static void
+recommend_man_page(const tchar *cmd_name)
+{
+       const tchar *format_str;
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       format_str = T("See "IMAGEX_PROGNAME"%"TS"%"TS".pdf in the "
+                      "doc directory for more details.\n");
+#else
+       format_str = T("Try `man "IMAGEX_PROGNAME"%"TS"%"TS"' "
+                      "for more details.\n");
+#endif
+       tprintf(format_str, *cmd_name ? T("-") : T(""), cmd_name);
+}
+
+enum {
+       IMAGEX_ALLOW_OTHER_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_COMMIT_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_DEBUG_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_DEST_DIR_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_EXTRACT_XML_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_FLAGS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_FORCE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_HARDLINK_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_HEADER_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_LAZY_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_LOOKUP_TABLE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_METADATA_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_RECOMPRESS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_RECURSIVE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_REF_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_SOFT_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_SOURCE_LIST_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_STAGING_DIR_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_STREAMS_INTERFACE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_SYMLINK_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_TO_STDOUT_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_XML_OPTION,
+};
+
 static const struct option apply_options[] = {
-       {T("check"),     no_argument,       NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("hardlink"),  no_argument,       NULL, 'h'},
-       {T("symlink"),   no_argument,       NULL, 's'},
-       {T("verbose"),   no_argument,       NULL, 'v'},
-       {T("ref"),       required_argument, NULL, 'r'},
-       {T("unix-data"), no_argument,       NULL, 'U'},
-       {T("noacls"),    no_argument,       NULL, 'N'},
+       {T("check"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("hardlink"),    no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_HARDLINK_OPTION},
+       {T("symlink"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_SYMLINK_OPTION},
+       {T("verbose"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION},
+       {T("ref"),         required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_REF_OPTION},
+       {T("unix-data"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION},
+       {T("noacls"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("no-acls"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("strict-acls"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("rpfix"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION},
+       {T("norpfix"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 static const struct option capture_or_append_options[] = {
-       {T("boot"),     no_argument,       NULL, 'b'},
-       {T("check"),    no_argument,       NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("compress"), required_argument, NULL, 'x'},
-       {T("config"),   required_argument, NULL, 'C'},
-       {T("dereference"), no_argument,    NULL, 'L'},
-       {T("flags"),    required_argument, NULL, 'f'},
-       {T("verbose"),  no_argument,       NULL, 'v'},
-       {T("threads"),     required_argument, NULL, 't'},
-       {T("rebuild"),     no_argument,       NULL, 'R'},
-       {T("unix-data"),   no_argument,       NULL, 'U'},
-       {T("source-list"), no_argument,       NULL, 'S'},
-       {T("noacls"),      no_argument,       NULL, 'N'},
+       {T("boot"),        no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION},
+       {T("check"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("compress"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION},
+       {T("config"),      required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION},
+       {T("dereference"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION},
+       {T("flags"),       required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_FLAGS_OPTION},
+       {T("verbose"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION},
+       {T("threads"),     required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION},
+       {T("rebuild"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION},
+       {T("unix-data"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION},
+       {T("source-list"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_SOURCE_LIST_OPTION},
+       {T("noacls"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("no-acls"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("strict-acls"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("rpfix"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION},
+       {T("norpfix"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 static const struct option delete_options[] = {
-       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("soft"),  no_argument, NULL, 's'},
+       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("soft"),  no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_SOFT_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option export_options[] = {
-       {T("boot"),       no_argument,    NULL, 'b'},
-       {T("check"),      no_argument,    NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("compress"),   required_argument, NULL, 'x'},
-       {T("ref"),        required_argument, NULL, 'r'},
-       {T("threads"),    required_argument, NULL, 't'},
-       {T("rebuild"),    no_argument,       NULL, 'R'},
+       {T("boot"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION},
+       {T("check"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("compress"),   required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION},
+       {T("ref"),        required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_REF_OPTION},
+       {T("threads"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION},
+       {T("rebuild"),    no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION},
+       {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
+};
+
+static const struct option extract_options[] = {
+       {T("check"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("verbose"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION},
+       {T("ref"),         required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_REF_OPTION},
+       {T("unix-data"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION},
+       {T("noacls"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("no-acls"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("strict-acls"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("dest-dir"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_DEST_DIR_OPTION},
+       {T("to-stdout"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_TO_STDOUT_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option info_options[] = {
-       {T("boot"),         no_argument, NULL, 'b'},
-       {T("check"),        no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("extract-xml"),  required_argument, NULL, 'X'},
-       {T("header"),       no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
-       {T("lookup-table"), no_argument, NULL, 'l'},
-       {T("metadata"),     no_argument, NULL, 'm'},
-       {T("xml"),          no_argument, NULL, 'x'},
+       {T("boot"),         no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION},
+       {T("check"),        no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("extract-xml"),  required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_EXTRACT_XML_OPTION},
+       {T("header"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_HEADER_OPTION},
+       {T("lookup-table"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_LOOKUP_TABLE_OPTION},
+       {T("metadata"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_METADATA_OPTION},
+       {T("xml"),          no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_XML_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option join_options[] = {
-       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option mount_options[] = {
-       {T("check"),          no_argument,       NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("debug"),          no_argument,       NULL, 'd'},
-       {T("streams-interface"), required_argument, NULL, 's'},
-       {T("ref"),               required_argument, NULL, 'r'},
-       {T("staging-dir"),       required_argument, NULL, 'D'},
-       {T("unix-data"),         no_argument,       NULL, 'U'},
-       {T("allow-other"),       no_argument,       NULL, 'A'},
+       {T("check"),             no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("debug"),             no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_DEBUG_OPTION},
+       {T("streams-interface"), required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_STREAMS_INTERFACE_OPTION},
+       {T("ref"),               required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_REF_OPTION},
+       {T("staging-dir"),       required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_STAGING_DIR_OPTION},
+       {T("unix-data"),         no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION},
+       {T("allow-other"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_ALLOW_OTHER_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option optimize_options[] = {
-       {T("check"),      no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("recompress"), no_argument, NULL, 'r'},
+       {T("check"),      no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("recompress"), no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_RECOMPRESS_OPTION},
+       {T("threads"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option split_options[] = {
-       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
+       {T("check"), no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
 static const struct option unmount_options[] = {
-       {T("commit"),  no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
-       {T("check"),   no_argument, NULL, 'C'},
-       {T("rebuild"), no_argument, NULL, 'R'},
+       {T("commit"),  no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_COMMIT_OPTION},
+       {T("check"),   no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("rebuild"), no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION},
+       {T("lazy"),    no_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_LAZY_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
-
+static const struct option update_options[] = {
+       /* Careful: some of the options here set the defaults for update
+        * commands, but the flags given to an actual update command (and not to
+        * `imagex update' itself are also handled in
+        * update_command_add_option().  */
+       {T("threads"),     required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION},
+       {T("check"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("rebuild"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION},
+
+       /* Default delete options */
+       {T("force"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_FORCE_OPTION},
+       {T("recursive"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RECURSIVE_OPTION},
+
+       /* Global add option */
+       {T("config"),      required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION},
+
+       /* Default add options */
+       {T("verbose"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION},
+       {T("dereference"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION},
+       {T("unix-data"),   no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION},
+       {T("noacls"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("no-acls"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {T("strict-acls"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION},
+       {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
+};
 
 /* Print formatted error message to stderr. */
 static void
@@ -309,11 +431,11 @@ verify_image_exists_and_is_single(int image, const tchar *image_name,
 static int
 get_compression_type(const tchar *optarg)
 {
-       if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("maximum")) == 0 || tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("lzx")) == 0)
+       if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("maximum")) || !tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("lzx")))
                return WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX;
-       else if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("fast")) == 0 || tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("xpress")) == 0)
+       else if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("fast")) || !tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("xpress")))
                return WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_XPRESS;
-       else if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("none")) == 0)
+       else if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("none")))
                return WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE;
        else {
                imagex_error(T("Invalid compression type \"%"TS"\"! Must be "
@@ -334,54 +456,59 @@ file_get_size(const tchar *filename)
                return (off_t)-1;
 }
 
-static const tchar *default_capture_config =
-T(
-"[ExclusionList]\n"
-"\\$ntfs.log\n"
-"\\hiberfil.sys\n"
-"\\pagefile.sys\n"
-"\\System Volume Information\n"
-"\\RECYCLER\n"
-"\\Windows\\CSC\n"
-"\n"
-"[CompressionExclusionList]\n"
-"*.mp3\n"
-"*.zip\n"
-"*.cab\n"
-"\\WINDOWS\\inf\\*.pnf\n"
-);
+tchar pat_ntfs_log[]                  = T("/$ntfs.log");
+tchar pat_hiberfil_sys[]              = T("/hiberfil.sys");
+tchar pat_pagefile_sys[]              = T("/pagefile.sys");
+tchar pat_system_volume_information[] = T("/System Volume Information");
+tchar pat_recycler[]                  = T("/RECYCLER");
+tchar pat_windows_csc[]               = T("/Windows/CSC");
+
+tchar *default_pats[] = {
+       pat_ntfs_log,
+       pat_hiberfil_sys,
+       pat_pagefile_sys,
+       pat_system_volume_information,
+       pat_recycler,
+       pat_windows_csc,
+};
+
+static struct wimlib_capture_config default_capture_config = {
+       .exclusion_pats = {
+               .num_pats = sizeof(default_pats) / sizeof(*default_pats),
+               .pats = default_pats,
+       },
+};
 
 enum {
-       PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS = 0,
-       PARSE_FILENAME_FAILURE = 1,
-       PARSE_FILENAME_NONE = 2,
+       PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS = 0,
+       PARSE_STRING_FAILURE = 1,
+       PARSE_STRING_NONE = 2,
 };
 
 /*
- * Parses a filename in the source list file format.  (See the man page for
- * 'wimlib-imagex capture' for details on this format and the meaning.)
- * Accepted formats for filenames are an unquoted string (whitespace-delimited),
- * or a double or single-quoted string.
+ * Parses a string token from an array of characters.
+ *
+ * Tokens are either whitespace-delimited, or double or single-quoted.
  *
  * @line_p:  Pointer to the pointer to the line of data.  Will be updated
- *           to point past the filename iff the return value is
- *           PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS.  If *len_p > 0, (*line_p)[*len_p - 1] must
+ *           to point past the string token iff the return value is
+ *           PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS.  If *len_p > 0, (*line_p)[*len_p - 1] must
  *           be '\0'.
  *
  * @len_p:   @len_p initially stores the length of the line of data, which may
  *           be 0, and it will be updated to the number of bytes remaining in
- *           the line iff the return value is PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS.
+ *           the line iff the return value is PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS.
  *
- * @fn_ret:  Iff the return value is PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS, a pointer to the
- *           parsed filename will be returned here.
+ * @fn_ret:  Iff the return value is PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS, a pointer to the
+ *           parsed string token will be returned here.
  *
- * Returns: PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS if a filename was successfully parsed; or
- *          PARSE_FILENAME_FAILURE if the data was invalid due to a missing
- *          closing quote; or PARSE_FILENAME_NONE if the line ended before the
- *          beginning of a filename was found.
+ * Returns: PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS if a string token was successfully parsed; or
+ *          PARSE_STRING_FAILURE if the data was invalid due to a missing
+ *          closing quote; or PARSE_STRING_NONE if the line ended before the
+ *          beginning of a string token was found.
  */
 static int
-parse_filename(tchar **line_p, size_t *len_p, tchar **fn_ret)
+parse_string(tchar **line_p, size_t *len_p, tchar **fn_ret)
 {
        size_t len = *len_p;
        tchar *line = *line_p;
@@ -391,7 +518,7 @@ parse_filename(tchar **line_p, size_t *len_p, tchar **fn_ret)
        /* Skip leading whitespace */
        for (;;) {
                if (len == 0)
-                       return PARSE_FILENAME_NONE;
+                       return PARSE_STRING_NONE;
                if (!istspace(*line) && *line != T('\0'))
                        break;
                line++;
@@ -399,17 +526,17 @@ parse_filename(tchar **line_p, size_t *len_p, tchar **fn_ret)
        }
        quote_char = *line;
        if (quote_char == T('"') || quote_char == T('\'')) {
-               /* Quoted filename */
+               /* Quoted string */
                line++;
                len--;
                fn = line;
                line = tmemchr(line, quote_char, len);
                if (!line) {
                        imagex_error(T("Missing closing quote: %"TS), fn - 1);
-                       return PARSE_FILENAME_FAILURE;
+                       return PARSE_STRING_FAILURE;
                }
        } else {
-               /* Unquoted filename.  Go until whitespace.  Line is terminated
+               /* Unquoted string.  Go until whitespace.  Line is terminated
                 * by '\0', so no need to check 'len'. */
                fn = line;
                do {
@@ -421,7 +548,7 @@ parse_filename(tchar **line_p, size_t *len_p, tchar **fn_ret)
        *len_p = len;
        *line_p = line;
        *fn_ret = fn;
-       return PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS;
+       return PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 /* Parses a line of data (not an empty line or comment) in the source list file
@@ -444,13 +571,13 @@ parse_source_list_line(tchar *line, size_t len,
 {
        /* SOURCE [DEST] */
        int ret;
-       ret = parse_filename(&line, &len, &source->fs_source_path);
-       if (ret != PARSE_FILENAME_SUCCESS)
+       ret = parse_string(&line, &len, &source->fs_source_path);
+       if (ret != PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS)
                return false;
-       ret = parse_filename(&line, &len, &source->wim_target_path);
-       if (ret == PARSE_FILENAME_NONE)
+       ret = parse_string(&line, &len, &source->wim_target_path);
+       if (ret == PARSE_STRING_NONE)
                source->wim_target_path = source->fs_source_path;
-       return ret != PARSE_FILENAME_FAILURE;
+       return ret != PARSE_STRING_FAILURE;
 }
 
 /* Returns %true if the given line of length @len > 0 is a comment or empty line
@@ -470,6 +597,34 @@ is_comment_line(const tchar *line, size_t len)
        }
 }
 
+static ssize_t
+text_file_count_lines(tchar **contents_p, size_t *nchars_p)
+{
+       ssize_t nlines = 0;
+       tchar *contents = *contents_p;
+       size_t nchars = *nchars_p;
+       size_t i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nchars; i++)
+               if (contents[i] == T('\n'))
+                       nlines++;
+
+       /* Handle last line not terminated by a newline */
+       if (nchars != 0 && contents[nchars - 1] != T('\n')) {
+               contents = realloc(contents, (nchars + 1) * sizeof(tchar));
+               if (!contents) {
+                       imagex_error(T("Out of memory!"));
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               contents[nchars] = T('\n');
+               *contents_p = contents;
+               nchars++;
+               nlines++;
+       }
+       *nchars_p = nchars;
+       return nlines;
+}
+
 /* Parses a file in the source list format.  (See the man page for
  * 'wimlib-imagex capture' for details on this format and the meaning.)
  *
@@ -491,35 +646,24 @@ static struct wimlib_capture_source *
 parse_source_list(tchar **source_list_contents_p, size_t source_list_nchars,
                  size_t *nsources_ret)
 {
-       size_t nlines;
+       ssize_t nlines;
        tchar *p;
        struct wimlib_capture_source *sources;
        size_t i, j;
-       tchar *source_list_contents = *source_list_contents_p;
 
-       nlines = 0;
-       for (i = 0; i < source_list_nchars; i++)
-               if (source_list_contents[i] == T('\n'))
-                       nlines++;
+       nlines = text_file_count_lines(source_list_contents_p,
+                                      &source_list_nchars);
+       if (nlines < 0)
+               return NULL;
 
-       /* Handle last line not terminated by a newline */
-       if (source_list_nchars != 0 &&
-           source_list_contents[source_list_nchars - 1] != T('\n'))
-       {
-               source_list_contents = realloc(source_list_contents,
-                                              (source_list_nchars + 1) * sizeof(tchar));
-               if (!source_list_contents)
-                       goto oom;
-               source_list_contents[source_list_nchars] = T('\n');
-               *source_list_contents_p = source_list_contents;
-               source_list_nchars++;
-               nlines++;
+       /* Always allocate at least 1 slot, just in case the implementation of
+        * calloc() returns NULL if 0 bytes are requested. */
+       sources = calloc(nlines ?: 1, sizeof(*sources));
+       if (!sources) {
+               imagex_error(T("out of memory"));
+               return NULL;
        }
-
-       sources = calloc(nlines, sizeof(*sources));
-       if (!sources)
-               goto oom;
-       p = source_list_contents;
+       p = *source_list_contents_p;
        j = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < nlines; i++) {
                /* XXX: Could use rawmemchr() here instead, but it may not be
@@ -538,9 +682,144 @@ parse_source_list(tchar **source_list_contents_p, size_t source_list_nchars,
        }
        *nsources_ret = j;
        return sources;
-oom:
-       imagex_error(T("out of memory"));
-       return NULL;
+}
+
+
+enum capture_config_section {
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_NO_SECTION,
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_SECTION,
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_EXCEPTION_SECTION,
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_IGNORE_SECTION,
+};
+
+enum {
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_INVALID_SECTION,
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_CHANGED_SECTION,
+       CAPTURE_CONFIG_SAME_SECTION,
+};
+
+static int
+check_config_section(tchar *line, size_t len,
+                    enum capture_config_section *cur_section)
+{
+       while (istspace(*line))
+               line++;
+
+       if (*line != T('['))
+               return CAPTURE_CONFIG_SAME_SECTION;
+
+       line++;
+       tchar *endbrace = tstrrchr(line, T(']'));
+       if (!endbrace)
+               return CAPTURE_CONFIG_SAME_SECTION;
+
+       if (!tmemcmp(line, T("ExclusionList"), endbrace - line)) {
+               *cur_section = CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_SECTION;
+       } else if (!tmemcmp(line, T("ExclusionException"), endbrace - line)) {
+               *cur_section = CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_EXCEPTION_SECTION;
+       } else if (!tmemcmp(line, T("CompressionExclusionList"), endbrace - line)) {
+               *cur_section = CAPTURE_CONFIG_IGNORE_SECTION;
+               tfputs(T("WARNING: Ignoring [CompressionExclusionList] section "
+                        "of capture config file\n"),
+                      stderr);
+       } else if (!tmemcmp(line, T("AlignmentList"), endbrace - line)) {
+               *cur_section = CAPTURE_CONFIG_IGNORE_SECTION;
+               tfputs(T("WARNING: Ignoring [AlignmentList] section "
+                        "of capture config file\n"),
+                      stderr);
+       } else {
+               imagex_error(T("Invalid capture config file section \"%"TS"\""),
+                            line - 1);
+               return CAPTURE_CONFIG_INVALID_SECTION;
+       }
+       return CAPTURE_CONFIG_CHANGED_SECTION;
+}
+
+
+static bool
+pattern_list_add_pattern(struct wimlib_pattern_list *pat_list,
+                        tchar *pat)
+{
+       if (pat_list->num_pats == pat_list->num_allocated_pats) {
+               tchar **pats;
+               size_t num_allocated_pats = pat_list->num_pats + 8;
+
+               pats = realloc(pat_list->pats,
+                              num_allocated_pats * sizeof(pat_list->pats[0]));
+               if (!pats) {
+                       imagex_error(T("Out of memory!"));
+                       return false;
+               }
+               pat_list->pats = pats;
+               pat_list->num_allocated_pats = num_allocated_pats;
+       }
+       pat_list->pats[pat_list->num_pats++] = pat;
+       return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+parse_capture_config_line(tchar *line, size_t len,
+                         enum capture_config_section *cur_section,
+                         struct wimlib_capture_config *config)
+{
+       tchar *filename;
+       int ret;
+
+       ret = check_config_section(line, len, cur_section);
+       if (ret == CAPTURE_CONFIG_INVALID_SECTION)
+               return false;
+       if (ret == CAPTURE_CONFIG_CHANGED_SECTION)
+               return true;
+
+       switch (*cur_section) {
+       case CAPTURE_CONFIG_NO_SECTION:
+               imagex_error(T("Line \"%"TS"\" is not in a section "
+                              "(such as [ExclusionList]"), line);
+               return false;
+       case CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_SECTION:
+               if (parse_string(&line, &len, &filename) != PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS)
+                       return false;
+               return pattern_list_add_pattern(&config->exclusion_pats,
+                                               filename);
+       case CAPTURE_CONFIG_EXCLUSION_EXCEPTION_SECTION:
+               if (parse_string(&line, &len, &filename) != PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS)
+                       return false;
+               return pattern_list_add_pattern(&config->exclusion_exception_pats,
+                                               filename);
+       case CAPTURE_CONFIG_IGNORE_SECTION:
+               return true;
+       }
+       return false;
+}
+
+static int
+parse_capture_config(tchar **contents_p, size_t nchars,
+                    struct wimlib_capture_config *config)
+{
+       ssize_t nlines;
+       tchar *p;
+       size_t i;
+       enum capture_config_section cur_section;
+
+       memset(config, 0, sizeof(*config));
+
+       nlines = text_file_count_lines(contents_p, &nchars);
+       if (nlines < 0)
+               return -1;
+
+       cur_section = CAPTURE_CONFIG_NO_SECTION;
+       p = *contents_p;
+       for (i = 0; i < nlines; i++) {
+               tchar *endp = tmemchr(p, T('\n'), nchars);
+               size_t len = endp - p + 1;
+               *endp = T('\0');
+               if (!is_comment_line(p, len))
+                       if (!parse_capture_config_line(p, len, &cur_section, config))
+                               return -1;
+               p = endp + 1;
+
+       }
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /* Reads the contents of a file into memory. */
@@ -628,38 +907,37 @@ stdin_get_contents(size_t *len_ret)
 
 
 static tchar *
-translate_text_to_tstr(char **text_p, size_t num_bytes,
-                      size_t *num_tchars_ret)
+translate_text_to_tstr(char *text, size_t num_bytes, size_t *num_tchars_ret)
 {
 #ifndef __WIN32__
        /* On non-Windows, assume an ASCII-compatible encoding, such as UTF-8.
         * */
        *num_tchars_ret = num_bytes;
-       return *text_p;
+       return text;
 #else /* !__WIN32__ */
        /* On Windows, translate the text to UTF-16LE */
-       const char *text_bytestr = *text_p;
        wchar_t *text_wstr;
        size_t num_wchars;
 
        if (num_bytes >= 2 &&
-           ((text_bytestr[0] == 0xff && text_bytestr[1] == 0xfe) ||
-            (text_bytestr[0] <= 0x7f && text_bytestr[1] == 0x00)))
+           ((text[0] == 0xff && text[1] == 0xfe) ||
+            (text[0] <= 0x7f && text[1] == 0x00)))
        {
                /* File begins with 0xfeff, the BOM for UTF-16LE, or it begins
                 * with something that looks like an ASCII character encoded as
                 * a UTF-16LE code unit.  Assume the file is encoded as
                 * UTF-16LE.  This is not a 100% reliable check. */
                num_wchars = num_bytes / 2;
-               text_wstr = (wchar_t*)text_bytestr;
+               text_wstr = (wchar_t*)text;
        } else {
                /* File does not look like UTF-16LE.  Assume it is encoded in
                 * the current Windows code page.  I think these are always
                 * ASCII-compatible, so any so-called "plain-text" (ASCII) files
                 * should work as expected. */
-               text_wstr = win32_mbs_to_wcs(text_bytestr,
+               text_wstr = win32_mbs_to_wcs(text,
                                             num_bytes,
                                             &num_wchars);
+               free(text);
        }
        *num_tchars_ret = num_wchars;
        return text_wstr;
@@ -675,7 +953,7 @@ file_get_text_contents(const tchar *filename, size_t *num_tchars_ret)
        contents = file_get_contents(filename, &num_bytes);
        if (!contents)
                return NULL;
-       return translate_text_to_tstr(&contents, num_bytes, num_tchars_ret);
+       return translate_text_to_tstr(contents, num_bytes, num_tchars_ret);
 }
 
 static tchar *
@@ -687,7 +965,7 @@ stdin_get_text_contents(size_t *num_tchars_ret)
        contents = stdin_get_contents(&num_bytes);
        if (!contents)
                return NULL;
-       return translate_text_to_tstr(&contents, num_bytes, num_tchars_ret);
+       return translate_text_to_tstr(contents, num_bytes, num_tchars_ret);
 }
 
 /* Return 0 if a path names a file to which the current user has write access;
@@ -727,6 +1005,8 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                     const union wimlib_progress_info *info)
 {
        unsigned percent_done;
+       if (imagex_be_quiet)
+               return 0;
        switch (msg) {
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS:
                percent_done = TO_PERCENT(info->write_streams.completed_bytes,
@@ -788,7 +1068,7 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                        tputchar(T('\n'));
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_BEGIN:
-               tprintf(T("Applying image %d (%"TS") from \"%"TS"\" "
+               tprintf(T("Applying image %d (\"%"TS"\") from \"%"TS"\" "
                          "to %"TS" \"%"TS"\"\n"),
                        info->extract.image,
                        info->extract.image_name,
@@ -797,9 +1077,18 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                         T("NTFS volume") : T("directory")),
                        info->extract.target);
                break;
+       case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_TREE_BEGIN:
+               tprintf(T("Extracting \"%"TS"\" from image %d (\"%"TS"\") "
+                         "in \"%"TS"\" to \"%"TS"\"\n"),
+                       info->extract.extract_root_wim_source_path,
+                       info->extract.image,
+                       info->extract.image_name,
+                       info->extract.wimfile_name,
+                       info->extract.target);
+               break;
        /*case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DIR_STRUCTURE_BEGIN:*/
-               /*printf("Applying directory structure to %s\n",*/
-                      /*info->extract.target);*/
+               /*tprintf(T("Applying directory structure to %"TS"\n"),*/
+                       /*info->extract.target);*/
                /*break;*/
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_STREAMS:
                percent_done = TO_PERCENT(info->extract.completed_bytes,
@@ -810,13 +1099,14 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                        info->extract.total_bytes >> 20,
                        percent_done);
                if (info->extract.completed_bytes >= info->extract.total_bytes)
-                       putchar('\n');
+                       tputchar(T('\n'));
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_DENTRY:
                tprintf(T("%"TS"\n"), info->extract.cur_path);
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_APPLY_TIMESTAMPS:
-               tprintf(T("Setting timestamps on all extracted files...\n"));
+               if (info->extract.extract_root_wim_source_path[0] == T('\0'))
+                       tprintf(T("Setting timestamps on all extracted files...\n"));
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_IMAGE_END:
                if (info->extract.extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NTFS) {
@@ -827,14 +1117,14 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_JOIN_STREAMS:
                percent_done = TO_PERCENT(info->join.completed_bytes,
                                          info->join.total_bytes);
-               printf("Writing resources from part %u of %u: "
-                      "%"PRIu64 " MiB of %"PRIu64" MiB (%u%%) written\n",
-                      (info->join.completed_parts == info->join.total_parts) ?
-                               info->join.completed_parts : info->join.completed_parts + 1,
-                      info->join.total_parts,
-                      info->join.completed_bytes >> 20,
-                      info->join.total_bytes >> 20,
-                      percent_done);
+               tprintf(T("Writing resources from part %u of %u: "
+                         "%"PRIu64 " MiB of %"PRIu64" MiB (%u%%) written\n"),
+                       (info->join.completed_parts == info->join.total_parts) ?
+                       info->join.completed_parts : info->join.completed_parts + 1,
+                       info->join.total_parts,
+                       info->join.completed_bytes >> 20,
+                       info->join.total_bytes >> 20,
+                       percent_done);
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_SPLIT_BEGIN_PART:
                percent_done = TO_PERCENT(info->split.completed_bytes,
@@ -927,15 +1217,222 @@ static unsigned
 parse_num_threads(const tchar *optarg)
 {
        tchar *tmp;
-       unsigned nthreads = tstrtoul(optarg, &tmp, 10);
-       if (nthreads == UINT_MAX || *tmp || tmp == optarg) {
+       unsigned long ul_nthreads = tstrtoul(optarg, &tmp, 10);
+       if (ul_nthreads >= UINT_MAX || *tmp || tmp == optarg) {
                imagex_error(T("Number of threads must be a non-negative integer!"));
                return UINT_MAX;
        } else {
-               return nthreads;
+               return ul_nthreads;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse an option passed to an update command.
+ *
+ * @op:                One of WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_* that indicates the command being
+ *             parsed.
+ *
+ * @option:    Text string for the option (beginning with --)
+ *
+ * @cmd:       `struct wimlib_update_command' that is being constructed for
+ *             this command.
+ *
+ * Returns true if the option was recognized; false if not.
+ */
+static bool
+update_command_add_option(int op, const tchar *option,
+                         struct wimlib_update_command *cmd)
+{
+       bool recognized = true;
+       switch (op) {
+       case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD:
+               if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--verbose")))
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE;
+               else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--unix-data")))
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
+               else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--no-acls")) || !tstrcmp(option, T("--noacls")))
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+               else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--strict-acls")))
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+               else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--dereference")))
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
+               else
+                       recognized = false;
+               break;
+       case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
+               if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--force")))
+                       cmd->delete.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_FORCE;
+               else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--recursive")))
+                       cmd->delete.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_RECURSIVE;
+               else
+                       recognized = false;
+               break;
+       default:
+               recognized = false;
+               break;
+       }
+       return recognized;
+}
+
+/* How many nonoption arguments each `imagex update' command expects */
+static const unsigned update_command_num_nonoptions[] = {
+       [WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD] = 2,
+       [WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE] = 1,
+       [WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_RENAME] = 2,
+};
+
+static void
+update_command_add_nonoption(int op, const tchar *nonoption,
+                            struct wimlib_update_command *cmd,
+                            unsigned num_nonoptions)
+{
+       switch (op) {
+       case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD:
+               if (num_nonoptions == 0)
+                       cmd->add.fs_source_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               else
+                       cmd->add.wim_target_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               break;
+       case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
+               cmd->delete.wim_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               break;
+       case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_RENAME:
+               if (num_nonoptions == 0)
+                       cmd->rename.wim_source_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               else
+                       cmd->rename.wim_target_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               break;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse a command passed on stdin to `imagex update'.
+ *
+ * @line:      Text of the command.
+ * @len:       Length of the line, including a null terminator
+ *             at line[len - 1].
+ *
+ * @command:   A `struct wimlib_update_command' to fill in from the parsed
+ *             line.
+ *
+ * @line_number: Line number of the command, for diagnostics.
+ *
+ * Returns true on success; returns false on parse error.
+ */
+static bool
+parse_update_command(tchar *line, size_t len,
+                    struct wimlib_update_command *command,
+                    size_t line_number)
+{
+       int ret;
+       tchar *command_name;
+       int op;
+       size_t num_nonoptions;
+
+       /* Get the command name ("add", "delete", "rename") */
+       ret = parse_string(&line, &len, &command_name);
+       if (ret != PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS)
+               return false;
+
+       if (!tstrcasecmp(command_name, T("add"))) {
+               op = WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD;
+       } else if (!tstrcasecmp(command_name, T("delete"))) {
+               op = WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE;
+       } else if (!tstrcasecmp(command_name, T("rename"))) {
+               op = WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_RENAME;
+       } else {
+               imagex_error(T("Unknown update command \"%"TS"\" on line %zu"),
+                            command_name, line_number);
+               return false;
+       }
+       command->op = op;
+
+       /* Parse additional options and non-options as needed */
+       num_nonoptions = 0;
+       for (;;) {
+               tchar *next_string;
+
+               ret = parse_string(&line, &len, &next_string);
+               if (ret == PARSE_STRING_NONE) /* End of line */
+                       break;
+               else if (ret != PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS) /* Parse failure */
+                       return false;
+               if (next_string[0] == T('-') && next_string[1] == T('-')) {
+                       /* Option */
+                       if (!update_command_add_option(op, next_string, command))
+                       {
+                               imagex_error(T("Unrecognized option \"%"TS"\" to "
+                                              "update command \"%"TS"\" on line %zu"),
+                                            next_string, command_name, line_number);
+
+                               return false;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /* Nonoption */
+                       if (num_nonoptions == update_command_num_nonoptions[op])
+                       {
+                               imagex_error(T("Unexpected argument \"%"TS"\" in "
+                                              "update command on line %zu\n"
+                                              "       (The \"%"TS"\" command only "
+                                              "takes %u nonoption arguments!)\n"),
+                                            next_string, line_number,
+                                            command_name, num_nonoptions);
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       update_command_add_nonoption(op, next_string,
+                                                    command, num_nonoptions);
+                       num_nonoptions++;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (num_nonoptions != update_command_num_nonoptions[op]) {
+               imagex_error(T("Not enough arguments to update command "
+                              "\"%"TS"\" on line %zu"), command_name, line_number);
+               return false;
        }
+       return true;
 }
 
+static struct wimlib_update_command *
+parse_update_command_file(tchar **cmd_file_contents_p, size_t cmd_file_nchars,
+                         size_t *num_cmds_ret)
+{
+       ssize_t nlines;
+       tchar *p;
+       struct wimlib_update_command *cmds;
+       size_t i, j;
+
+       nlines = text_file_count_lines(cmd_file_contents_p,
+                                      &cmd_file_nchars);
+       if (nlines < 0)
+               return NULL;
+
+       /* Always allocate at least 1 slot, just in case the implementation of
+        * calloc() returns NULL if 0 bytes are requested. */
+       cmds = calloc(nlines ?: 1, sizeof(struct wimlib_update_command));
+       if (!cmds) {
+               imagex_error(T("out of memory"));
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       p = *cmd_file_contents_p;
+       j = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < nlines; i++) {
+               /* XXX: Could use rawmemchr() here instead, but it may not be
+                * available on all platforms. */
+               tchar *endp = tmemchr(p, T('\n'), cmd_file_nchars);
+               size_t len = endp - p + 1;
+               *endp = T('\0');
+               if (!is_comment_line(p, len)) {
+                       if (!parse_update_command(p, len, &cmds[j++], i + 1)) {
+                               free(cmds);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
+               }
+               p = endp + 1;
+       }
+       *num_cmds_ret = j;
+       return cmds;
+}
 
 /* Apply one image, or all images, from a WIM file into a directory, OR apply
  * one image from a WIM file to a NTFS volume. */
@@ -959,26 +1456,35 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, apply_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'h':
+               case IMAGEX_HARDLINK_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_HARDLINK;
                        break;
-               case 's':
+               case IMAGEX_SYMLINK_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SYMLINK;
                        break;
-               case 'v':
+               case IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                        break;
-               case 'r':
+               case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
                        swm_glob = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 'U':
+               case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
                        break;
-               case 'N':
-                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NOACLS;
+               case IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_RPFIX;
                        break;
                default:
                        usage(APPLY);
@@ -1013,7 +1519,7 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv)
        num_images = wimlib_get_num_images(w);
        if (argc == 2 && num_images != 1) {
                imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please select one "
-                              "(or all)"), wimfile, num_images);
+                              "(or all)."), wimfile, num_images);
                usage(APPLY);
                ret = -1;
                goto out;
@@ -1072,14 +1578,14 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
 {
        int c;
        int open_flags = 0;
-       int add_image_flags = 0;
+       int add_image_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE;
        int write_flags = 0;
        int compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_XPRESS;
        const tchar *wimfile;
        const tchar *name;
        const tchar *desc;
        const tchar *flags_element = NULL;
-       WIMStruct *w = NULL;
+       WIMStruct *w;
        int ret;
        int cur_image;
        int cmd = tstrcmp(argv[0], T("append")) ? CAPTURE : APPEND;
@@ -1090,59 +1596,68 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
        tchar *source_copy;
 
        const tchar *config_file = NULL;
-       tchar *config_str = NULL;
-       size_t config_len;
+       tchar *config_str;
+       struct wimlib_capture_config *config = NULL;
 
        bool source_list = false;
        size_t source_list_nchars;
-       tchar *source_list_contents = NULL;
-       bool capture_sources_malloced = false;
+       tchar *source_list_contents;
+       bool capture_sources_malloced;
        struct wimlib_capture_source *capture_sources;
        size_t num_sources;
 
        for_opt(c, capture_or_append_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'b':
+               case IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION:
                        add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_BOOT;
                        break;
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'C':
+               case IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION:
                        config_file = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 'x':
+               case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION:
                        compression_type = get_compression_type(optarg);
                        if (compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID)
                                return -1;
                        break;
-               case 'f':
+               case IMAGEX_FLAGS_OPTION:
                        flags_element = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 'L':
+               case IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION:
                        add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
                        break;
-               case 'v':
+               case IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION:
                        add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                        break;
-               case 't':
+               case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
                        num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
                        if (num_threads == UINT_MAX)
                                return -1;
                        break;
-               case 'R':
+               case IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD;
                        break;
-               case 'U':
+               case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
                        add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
                        break;
-               case 'S':
+               case IMAGEX_SOURCE_LIST_OPTION:
                        source_list = true;
                        break;
-               case 'N':
+               case IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION:
                        add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION:
+                       add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_RPFIX;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION:
+                       add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NORPFIX;
+                       break;
                default:
                        usage(cmd);
                        return -1;
@@ -1188,7 +1703,7 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
                                                    &num_sources);
                if (!capture_sources) {
                        ret = -1;
-                       goto out;
+                       goto out_free_source_list_contents;
                }
                capture_sources_malloced = true;
        } else {
@@ -1199,14 +1714,25 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
                capture_sources[0].wim_target_path = NULL;
                capture_sources[0].reserved = 0;
                num_sources = 1;
+               capture_sources_malloced = false;
+               source_list_contents = NULL;
        }
 
        if (config_file) {
+               size_t config_len;
+
                config_str = file_get_text_contents(config_file, &config_len);
                if (!config_str) {
                        ret = -1;
-                       goto out;
+                       goto out_free_capture_sources;
                }
+
+               config = alloca(sizeof(*config));
+               ret = parse_capture_config(&config_str, config_len, config);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_free_config;
+       } else {
+               config = &default_capture_config;
        }
 
        if (cmd == APPEND)
@@ -1214,8 +1740,8 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
                                      imagex_progress_func);
        else
                ret = wimlib_create_new_wim(compression_type, &w);
-       if (ret != 0)
-               goto out;
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_free_config;
 
        if (!source_list) {
                struct stat stbuf;
@@ -1231,7 +1757,7 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
                                imagex_error_with_errno(T("Failed to stat "
                                                          "\"%"TS"\""), source);
                                ret = -1;
-                               goto out;
+                               goto out_wimlib_free;
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1239,12 +1765,11 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv)
        win32_acquire_capture_privileges();
 #endif
 
-       ret = wimlib_add_image_multisource(w, capture_sources,
-                                          num_sources, name,
-                                          (config_str ? config_str :
-                                               default_capture_config),
-                                          (config_str ? config_len :
-                                               tstrlen(default_capture_config)),
+       ret = wimlib_add_image_multisource(w,
+                                          capture_sources,
+                                          num_sources,
+                                          name,
+                                          config,
                                           add_image_flags,
                                           imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret != 0)
@@ -1276,12 +1801,19 @@ out_release_privs:
 #ifdef __WIN32__
        win32_release_capture_privileges();
 #endif
-out:
+out_wimlib_free:
        wimlib_free(w);
-       free(config_str);
-       free(source_list_contents);
+out_free_config:
+       if (config != NULL && config != &default_capture_config) {
+               free(config->exclusion_pats.pats);
+               free(config->exclusion_exception_pats.pats);
+               free(config_str);
+       }
+out_free_capture_sources:
        if (capture_sources_malloced)
                free(capture_sources);
+out_free_source_list_contents:
+       free(source_list_contents);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -1300,11 +1832,11 @@ imagex_delete(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, delete_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 's':
+               case IMAGEX_SOFT_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOFT_DELETE;
                        break;
                default:
@@ -1396,7 +1928,7 @@ imagex_dir(int argc, tchar **argv)
                 * choose that one; otherwise, print an error. */
                num_images = wimlib_get_num_images(w);
                if (num_images != 1) {
-                       imagex_error(T("The file \"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please "
+                       imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please "
                                       "select one."), wimfile, num_images);
                        usage(DIR);
                        ret = -1;
@@ -1440,28 +1972,28 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, export_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'b':
+               case IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION:
                        export_flags |= WIMLIB_EXPORT_FLAG_BOOT;
                        break;
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'x':
+               case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION:
                        compression_type = get_compression_type(optarg);
                        if (compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID)
                                return -1;
                        compression_type_specified = true;
                        break;
-               case 'r':
+               case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
                        swm_glob = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 't':
+               case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
                        num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
                        if (num_threads == UINT_MAX)
                                return -1;
                        break;
-               case 'R':
+               case IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD;
                        break;
                default:
@@ -1577,6 +2109,191 @@ out:
        return ret;
 }
 
+static bool
+is_root_wim_path(const tchar *path)
+{
+       const tchar *p;
+       for (p = path; *p; p++)
+               if (*p != T('\\') && *p != T('/'))
+                       return false;
+       return true;
+}
+
+static void
+free_extract_commands(struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds, size_t num_cmds,
+                     const tchar *dest_dir)
+{
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++)
+               if (cmds[i].fs_dest_path != dest_dir)
+                       free(cmds[i].fs_dest_path);
+       free(cmds);
+}
+
+static struct wimlib_extract_command *
+prepare_extract_commands(tchar **paths, unsigned num_paths,
+                        int extract_flags, tchar *dest_dir,
+                        size_t *num_cmds_ret)
+{
+       struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds;
+       size_t num_cmds;
+       tchar *emptystr = T("");
+
+       if (num_paths == 0) {
+               num_paths = 1;
+               paths = &emptystr;
+       }
+       num_cmds = num_paths;
+       cmds = calloc(num_cmds, sizeof(cmds[0]));
+       if (!cmds) {
+               imagex_error(T("Out of memory!"));
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
+               cmds[i].extract_flags = extract_flags;
+               cmds[i].wim_source_path = paths[i];
+               if (is_root_wim_path(paths[i])) {
+                       cmds[i].fs_dest_path = dest_dir;
+               } else {
+                       size_t len = tstrlen(dest_dir) + 1 + tstrlen(paths[i]);
+                       cmds[i].fs_dest_path = malloc((len + 1) * sizeof(tchar));
+                       if (!cmds[i].fs_dest_path) {
+                               free_extract_commands(cmds, num_cmds, dest_dir);
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
+                       tsprintf(cmds[i].fs_dest_path, T("%"TS"/%"TS), dest_dir,
+                                tbasename(paths[i]));
+               }
+       }
+       *num_cmds_ret = num_cmds;
+       return cmds;
+}
+
+/* Extract files or directories from a WIM image */
+static int
+imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv)
+{
+       int c;
+       int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
+       int image;
+       WIMStruct *wim;
+       int ret;
+       const tchar *wimfile;
+       const tchar *image_num_or_name;
+       tchar *dest_dir = T(".");
+       int extract_flags = WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL | WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX;
+
+       const tchar *swm_glob = NULL;
+       WIMStruct **additional_swms = NULL;
+       unsigned num_additional_swms = 0;
+
+       struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds;
+       size_t num_cmds;
+
+       for_opt(c, extract_options) {
+               switch (c) {
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
+                       open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_VERBOSE;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
+                       swm_glob = optarg;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_DEST_DIR_OPTION:
+                       dest_dir = optarg;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_TO_STDOUT_OPTION:
+                       extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_TO_STDOUT;
+                       imagex_be_quiet = true;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       goto out_usage;
+               }
+       }
+       argc -= optind;
+       argv += optind;
+
+       if (argc < 2)
+               goto out_usage;
+
+       wimfile = argv[0];
+       image_num_or_name = argv[1];
+
+       argc -= 2;
+       argv += 2;
+
+       cmds = prepare_extract_commands(argv, argc, extract_flags, dest_dir,
+                                       &num_cmds);
+       if (!cmds) {
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &wim, imagex_progress_func);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_free_cmds;
+
+       image = wimlib_resolve_image(wim, image_num_or_name);
+       ret = verify_image_exists_and_is_single(image,
+                                               image_num_or_name,
+                                               wimfile);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_wimlib_free;
+
+       if (swm_glob) {
+               ret = open_swms_from_glob(swm_glob, wimfile, open_flags,
+                                         &additional_swms,
+                                         &num_additional_swms);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_wimlib_free;
+       }
+
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       win32_acquire_restore_privileges();
+#endif
+
+       ret = wimlib_extract_files(wim, image, cmds, num_cmds, 0,
+                                  additional_swms, num_additional_swms,
+                                  imagex_progress_func);
+       if (ret == 0) {
+               if (!imagex_be_quiet)
+                       tprintf(T("Done extracting files.\n"));
+       } else if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_PATH_DOES_NOT_EXIST) {
+               tfprintf(stderr, T("Note: You can use `"IMAGEX_PROGNAME" dir' to see what "
+                                  "files and directories\n"
+                                  "      are in the WIM image.\n"));
+       }
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       win32_release_restore_privileges();
+#endif
+       if (additional_swms) {
+               for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
+                       wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
+               free(additional_swms);
+       }
+out_wimlib_free:
+       wimlib_free(wim);
+out_free_cmds:
+       free_extract_commands(cmds, num_cmds, dest_dir);
+out:
+       return ret;
+out_usage:
+       usage(EXTRACT);
+       ret = -1;
+       goto out;
+}
+
 /* Prints information about a WIM file; also can mark an image as bootable,
  * change the name of an image, or change the description of an image. */
 static int
@@ -1606,29 +2323,29 @@ imagex_info(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, info_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'b':
+               case IMAGEX_BOOT_OPTION:
                        boot = true;
                        break;
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        check = true;
                        break;
-               case 'h':
+               case IMAGEX_HEADER_OPTION:
                        header = true;
                        short_header = false;
                        break;
-               case 'l':
+               case IMAGEX_LOOKUP_TABLE_OPTION:
                        lookup_table = true;
                        short_header = false;
                        break;
-               case 'x':
+               case IMAGEX_XML_OPTION:
                        xml = true;
                        short_header = false;
                        break;
-               case 'X':
+               case IMAGEX_EXTRACT_XML_OPTION:
                        xml_out_file = optarg;
                        short_header = false;
                        break;
-               case 'm':
+               case IMAGEX_METADATA_OPTION:
                        metadata = true;
                        short_header = false;
                        break;
@@ -1839,7 +2556,7 @@ imagex_info(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
                        ret = file_writable(wimfile);
                        if (ret != 0)
-                               return ret;
+                               goto out;
 
                        if (check)
                                write_flags = WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
@@ -1872,7 +2589,7 @@ imagex_join(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, join_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        swm_open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        wim_write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
@@ -1918,26 +2635,26 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv)
        unsigned num_additional_swms = 0;
        const tchar *staging_dir = NULL;
 
-       if (tstrcmp(argv[0], T("mountrw")) == 0)
+       if (!tstrcmp(argv[0], T("mountrw")))
                mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_READWRITE;
 
        for_opt(c, mount_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'A':
+               case IMAGEX_ALLOW_OTHER_OPTION:
                        mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_ALLOW_OTHER;
                        break;
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'd':
+               case IMAGEX_DEBUG_OPTION:
                        mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_DEBUG;
                        break;
-               case 's':
-                       if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("none")) == 0)
+               case IMAGEX_STREAMS_INTERFACE_OPTION:
+                       if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("none")))
                                mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_STREAM_INTERFACE_NONE;
-                       else if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("xattr")) == 0)
+                       else if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("xattr")))
                                mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_STREAM_INTERFACE_XATTR;
-                       else if (tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("windows")) == 0)
+                       else if (!tstrcasecmp(optarg, T("windows")))
                                mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_STREAM_INTERFACE_WINDOWS;
                        else {
                                imagex_error(T("Unknown stream interface \"%"TS"\""),
@@ -1945,13 +2662,13 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv)
                                goto mount_usage;
                        }
                        break;
-               case 'r':
+               case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
                        swm_glob = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 'D':
+               case IMAGEX_STAGING_DIR_OPTION:
                        staging_dir = optarg;
                        break;
-               case 'U':
+               case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
                        mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
                        break;
                default:
@@ -1982,7 +2699,7 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv)
                image = 1;
                num_images = wimlib_get_num_images(w);
                if (num_images != 1) {
-                       imagex_error(T("The file \"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please "
+                       imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please "
                                       "select one."), wimfile, num_images);
                        usage((mount_flags & WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_READWRITE)
                                        ? MOUNTRW : MOUNT);
@@ -2038,16 +2755,22 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv)
        const tchar *wimfile;
        off_t old_size;
        off_t new_size;
+       unsigned num_threads = 0;
 
        for_opt(c, optimize_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'r':
+               case IMAGEX_RECOMPRESS_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
+                       num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
+                       if (num_threads == UINT_MAX)
+                               return -1;
+                       break;
                default:
                        usage(OPTIMIZE);
                        return -1;
@@ -2063,9 +2786,13 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        wimfile = argv[0];
 
+       ret = file_writable(wimfile);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
        ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &w,
                              imagex_progress_func);
-       if (ret != 0)
+       if (ret)
                return ret;
 
        old_size = file_get_size(argv[0]);
@@ -2075,7 +2802,8 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv)
        else
                tprintf(T("%"PRIu64" KiB\n"), old_size >> 10);
 
-       ret = wimlib_overwrite(w, write_flags, 0, imagex_progress_func);
+       ret = wimlib_overwrite(w, write_flags, num_threads,
+                              imagex_progress_func);
 
        if (ret == 0) {
                new_size = file_get_size(argv[0]);
@@ -2112,7 +2840,7 @@ imagex_split(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, split_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
@@ -2153,15 +2881,18 @@ imagex_unmount(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for_opt(c, unmount_options) {
                switch (c) {
-               case 'c':
+               case IMAGEX_COMMIT_OPTION:
                        unmount_flags |= WIMLIB_UNMOUNT_FLAG_COMMIT;
                        break;
-               case 'C':
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
                        unmount_flags |= WIMLIB_UNMOUNT_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
-               case 'R':
+               case IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION:
                        unmount_flags |= WIMLIB_UNMOUNT_FLAG_REBUILD;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_LAZY_OPTION:
+                       unmount_flags |= WIMLIB_UNMOUNT_FLAG_LAZY;
+                       break;
                default:
                        usage(UNMOUNT);
                        return -1;
@@ -2181,6 +2912,210 @@ imagex_unmount(int argc, tchar **argv)
        return ret;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Add, delete, or rename files in a WIM image.
+ */
+static int
+imagex_update(int argc, tchar **argv)
+{
+       const tchar *wimfile;
+       const tchar *image_num_or_name;
+       int image;
+       WIMStruct *wim;
+       int ret;
+       int open_flags = 0;
+       int write_flags = 0;
+       int update_flags = 0;
+       int default_add_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE;
+       int default_delete_flags = 0;
+       unsigned num_threads = 0;
+       int c;
+       tchar *cmd_file_contents;
+       size_t cmd_file_nchars;
+       struct wimlib_update_command *cmds;
+       size_t num_cmds;
+       int num_images;
+
+       const tchar *config_file = NULL;
+       tchar *config_str;
+       struct wimlib_capture_config *config = NULL;
+
+       for_opt(c, update_options) {
+               switch (c) {
+               /* Generic or write options */
+               case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
+                       num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
+                       if (num_threads == UINT_MAX) {
+                               ret = -1;
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION:
+                       open_flags |= WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
+                       write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_REBUILD_OPTION:
+                       write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD;
+                       break;
+
+               /* Default delete options */
+               case IMAGEX_FORCE_OPTION:
+                       default_delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_FORCE;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_RECURSIVE_OPTION:
+                       default_delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_RECURSIVE;
+                       break;
+
+               /* Global add option */
+               case IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION:
+                       config_file = optarg;
+                       break;
+
+               /* Default add options */
+               case IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       goto out_usage;
+               }
+       }
+       argv += optind;
+       argc -= optind;
+
+       if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
+               goto out_usage;
+       wimfile = argv[0];
+
+       ret = file_writable(wimfile);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+
+       ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &wim, imagex_progress_func);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+
+       if (argc == 2)
+               image_num_or_name = argv[1];
+       else
+               image_num_or_name = T("1");
+
+       image = wimlib_resolve_image(wim, image_num_or_name);
+
+       ret = verify_image_exists_and_is_single(image, image_num_or_name,
+                                               wimfile);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_wimlib_free;
+
+       num_images = wimlib_get_num_images(wim);
+       if (argc == 1 && num_images != 1) {
+               imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please select one."),
+                            wimfile, num_images);
+               usage(UPDATE);
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out_wimlib_free;
+       }
+
+       /* Parse capture configuration file if specified */
+       if (config_file) {
+               size_t config_len;
+
+               config_str = file_get_text_contents(config_file, &config_len);
+               if (!config_str) {
+                       ret = -1;
+                       goto out_wimlib_free;
+               }
+
+               config = alloca(sizeof(*config));
+               ret = parse_capture_config(&config_str, config_len, config);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_free_config;
+       } else {
+               config = &default_capture_config;
+       }
+
+       /* Read update commands from standard input */
+       if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
+               tputs(T("Reading update commands from standard input..."));
+               recommend_man_page(T("update"));
+       }
+       cmd_file_contents = stdin_get_text_contents(&cmd_file_nchars);
+       if (!cmd_file_contents) {
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out_free_config;
+       }
+
+       /* Parse the update commands */
+       cmds = parse_update_command_file(&cmd_file_contents, cmd_file_nchars,
+                                        &num_cmds);
+       if (!cmds) {
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out_free_cmd_file_contents;
+       }
+
+       /* Set default flags and capture config on the update commands */
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
+               switch (cmds[i].op) {
+               case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD:
+                       cmds[i].add.add_flags |= default_add_flags;
+                       cmds[i].add.config = config;
+                       break;
+               case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
+                       cmds[i].delete.delete_flags |= default_delete_flags;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       win32_acquire_capture_privileges();
+#endif
+
+       /* Execute the update commands */
+       ret = wimlib_update_image(wim, image, cmds, num_cmds, update_flags,
+                                 imagex_progress_func);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out_release_privs;
+
+       /* Overwrite the updated WIM */
+       ret = wimlib_overwrite(wim, write_flags, num_threads,
+                              imagex_progress_func);
+out_release_privs:
+#ifdef __WIN32__
+       win32_release_capture_privileges();
+#endif
+out_free_cmds:
+       free(cmds);
+out_free_cmd_file_contents:
+       free(cmd_file_contents);
+out_free_config:
+       if (config != NULL && config != &default_capture_config) {
+               free(config->exclusion_pats.pats);
+               free(config->exclusion_exception_pats.pats);
+               free(config_str);
+       }
+out_wimlib_free:
+       wimlib_free(wim);
+out:
+       return ret;
+out_usage:
+       usage(UPDATE);
+       ret = -1;
+       goto out;
+}
+
 struct imagex_command {
        const tchar *name;
        int (*func)(int , tchar **);
@@ -2198,6 +3133,7 @@ static const struct imagex_command imagex_commands[] = {
        {T("delete"),  imagex_delete,            DELETE},
        {T("dir"),     imagex_dir,               DIR},
        {T("export"),  imagex_export,            EXPORT},
+       {T("extract"), imagex_extract,           EXTRACT},
        {T("info"),    imagex_info,              INFO},
        {T("join"),    imagex_join,              JOIN},
        {T("mount"),   imagex_mount_rw_or_ro,    MOUNT},
@@ -2205,10 +3141,11 @@ static const struct imagex_command imagex_commands[] = {
        {T("optimize"),imagex_optimize,          OPTIMIZE},
        {T("split"),   imagex_split,             SPLIT},
        {T("unmount"), imagex_unmount,           UNMOUNT},
+       {T("update"),  imagex_update,            UPDATE},
 };
 
 static void
-version()
+version(void)
 {
        static const tchar *s =
        T(
@@ -2233,11 +3170,11 @@ help_or_version(int argc, tchar **argv)
 
        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
                p = argv[i];
-               if (*p == '-')
+               if (*p == T('-'))
                        p++;
                else
                        continue;
-               if (*p == '-')
+               if (*p == T('-'))
                        p++;
                if (!tstrcmp(p, T("help"))) {
                        for_imagex_command(cmd) {
@@ -2264,14 +3201,14 @@ usage(int cmd_type)
        tprintf(T("Usage:\n%"TS), usage_strings[cmd_type]);
        for_imagex_command(cmd) {
                if (cmd->cmd == cmd_type) {
-                       tprintf(T("\nTry `man "IMAGEX_PROGNAME"-%"TS"' "
-                                 "for more details.\n"), cmd->name);
+                       tputc(T('\n'), stdout);
+                       recommend_man_page(cmd->name);
                }
        }
 }
 
 static void
-usage_all()
+usage_all(void)
 {
        tfputs(T("Usage:\n"), stdout);
        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LEN(usage_strings); i++)
@@ -2283,9 +3220,9 @@ usage_all()
 "\n"
 "    The compression TYPE may be \"maximum\", \"fast\", or \"none\".\n"
 "\n"
-"    Try `man "IMAGEX_PROGNAME"' for more information.\n"
        );
        tfputs(extra, stdout);
+       recommend_man_page(T(""));
 }
 
 /* Entry point for wimlib's ImageX implementation.  On UNIX the command
@@ -2301,11 +3238,16 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
        const struct imagex_command *cmd;
        int ret;
+       int init_flags = 0;
 
 #ifndef __WIN32__
-       setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
-       {
-               char *codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
+       if (getenv("WIMLIB_IMAGEX_USE_UTF8")) {
+               init_flags |= WIMLIB_INIT_FLAG_ASSUME_UTF8;
+       } else {
+               char *codeset;
+
+               setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+               codeset = nl_langinfo(CODESET);
                if (!strstr(codeset, "UTF-8") &&
                    !strstr(codeset, "UTF8") &&
                    !strstr(codeset, "utf-8") &&
@@ -2313,7 +3255,10 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
                {
                        fputs(
 "WARNING: Running "IMAGEX_PROGNAME" in a UTF-8 locale is recommended!\n"
-"         (Maybe try: `export LANG=en_US.UTF-8'?\n", stderr);
+"         Maybe try: `export LANG=en_US.UTF-8'?\n"
+"         Alternatively, set the environmental variable WIMLIB_IMAGEX_USE_UTF8\n"
+"         to any value to force wimlib to use UTF-8.\n",
+                       stderr);
 
                }
        }
@@ -2322,7 +3267,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
        if (argc < 2) {
                imagex_error(T("No command specified"));
                usage_all();
-               return 1;
+               ret = 2;
+               goto out;
        }
 
        /* Handle --help and --version for all commands.  Note that this will
@@ -2335,9 +3281,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
        wimlib_set_print_errors(true);
 
        /* Do any initializations that the library needs */
-       ret = wimlib_global_init();
+       ret = wimlib_global_init(init_flags);
        if (ret)
-               goto out;
+               goto out_check_status;
 
        /* Search for the function to handle the ImageX subcommand. */
        for_imagex_command(cmd) {
@@ -2349,7 +3295,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 
        imagex_error(T("Unrecognized command: `%"TS"'"), argv[0]);
        usage_all();
-       return 1;
+       ret = 2;
+       goto out_cleanup;
 out_check_write_error:
        /* For 'wimlib-imagex info' and 'wimlib-imagex dir', data printed to
         * standard output is part of the program's actual behavior and not just
@@ -2357,12 +3304,12 @@ out_check_write_error:
         * there was a write error. */
        if (cmd == &imagex_commands[INFO] || cmd == &imagex_commands[DIR]) {
                if (ferror(stdout) || fclose(stdout)) {
-                       imagex_error_with_errno(T("output error"));
+                       imagex_error_with_errno(T("error writing to standard output"));
                        if (ret == 0)
                                ret = -1;
                }
        }
-out:
+out_check_status:
        /* Exit status (ret):  -1 indicates an error found by 'wimlib-imagex'
         * outside of the wimlib library code.  0 indicates success.  > 0
         * indicates a wimlib error code from which an error message can be
@@ -2374,9 +3321,10 @@ out:
                if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_NTFS_3G && errno != 0)
                        imagex_error_with_errno(T("errno"));
        }
-
+out_cleanup:
        /* Make the library free any resources it's holding (not strictly
         * necessary because the process is ending anyway). */
        wimlib_global_cleanup();
+out:
        return ret;
 }