]> wimlib.net Git - wimlib/blobdiff - programs/imagex.c
Makefile.am: Fix EXTRA_DIST
[wimlib] / programs / imagex.c
index 90b53dd6bd815165ca30cb6ede5ee4b29d400338..2564b4c7ac1a0cc7a3f963a7aed2ca10142b5f7d 100644 (file)
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
 #ifdef __WIN32__
 #  include "imagex-win32.h"
 #  define tbasename    win32_wbasename
-#  define tglob                win32_wglob
 #  define OS_PREFERRED_PATH_SEPARATOR L'\\'
 #  define OS_PREFERRED_PATH_SEPARATOR_STRING L"\\"
 #else /* __WIN32__ */
@@ -57,7 +56,6 @@
 #  include <getopt.h>
 #  include <langinfo.h>
 #  define tbasename    basename
-#  define tglob                glob
 #  define OS_PREFERRED_PATH_SEPARATOR '/'
 #  define OS_PREFERRED_PATH_SEPARATOR_STRING "/"
 static inline void set_fd_to_binary_mode(int fd)
@@ -80,7 +78,6 @@ static inline void set_fd_to_binary_mode(int fd)
 #define for_opt(c, opts) while ((c = getopt_long_only(argc, (tchar**)argv, T(""), \
                                opts, NULL)) != -1)
 
-
 enum {
        CMD_NONE = -1,
        CMD_APPEND = 0,
@@ -110,6 +107,9 @@ static void usage_all(FILE *fp);
 static void recommend_man_page(int cmd, FILE *fp);
 static const tchar *get_cmd_string(int cmd, bool nospace);
 
+static int imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
+                               const union wimlib_progress_info *info);
+
 static bool imagex_be_quiet = false;
 static FILE *imagex_info_file;
 
@@ -123,8 +123,10 @@ enum {
        IMAGEX_COMMAND_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_COMMIT_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_DEBUG_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_DELTA_FROM_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_DEST_DIR_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_EXTRACT_XML_OPTION,
@@ -157,6 +159,7 @@ enum {
        IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_TO_STDOUT_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION,
+       IMAGEX_UPDATE_OF_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION,
        IMAGEX_XML_OPTION,
 };
@@ -174,6 +177,8 @@ static const struct option apply_options[] = {
        {T("rpfix"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RPFIX_OPTION},
        {T("norpfix"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION},
        {T("include-invalid-names"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_INCLUDE_INVALID_NAMES_OPTION},
+
+       /* --resume is undocumented for now as it needs improvement.  */
        {T("resume"),      no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RESUME_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
@@ -184,6 +189,7 @@ static const struct option capture_or_append_options[] = {
        {T("no-check"),    no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOCHECK_OPTION},
        {T("nocheck"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOCHECK_OPTION},
        {T("compress"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION},
+       {T("compress-slow"), no_argument,     NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION},
        {T("config"),      required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION},
        {T("dereference"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION},
        {T("flags"),       required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_FLAGS_OPTION},
@@ -199,6 +205,8 @@ static const struct option capture_or_append_options[] = {
        {T("norpfix"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NORPFIX_OPTION},
        {T("pipable"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_PIPABLE_OPTION},
        {T("not-pipable"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOT_PIPABLE_OPTION},
+       {T("update-of"),   required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_UPDATE_OF_OPTION},
+       {T("delta-from"),  required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_DELTA_FROM_OPTION},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
 };
 
@@ -274,7 +282,10 @@ static const struct option optimize_options[] = {
        {T("check"),       no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_CHECK_OPTION},
        {T("nocheck"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOCHECK_OPTION},
        {T("no-check"),    no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOCHECK_OPTION},
+       {T("compress"),    required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION},
        {T("recompress"),  no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_RECOMPRESS_OPTION},
+       {T("compress-slow"), no_argument,     NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION},
+       {T("recompress-slow"), no_argument,     NULL, IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION},
        {T("threads"),     required_argument, NULL, IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION},
        {T("pipable"),     no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_PIPABLE_OPTION},
        {T("not-pipable"), no_argument,       NULL, IMAGEX_NOT_PIPABLE_OPTION},
@@ -360,11 +371,13 @@ verify_image_exists(int image, const tchar *image_name, const tchar *wim_name)
        if (image == WIMLIB_NO_IMAGE) {
                imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" is not a valid image in \"%"TS"\"!\n"
                             "       Please specify a 1-based image index or "
-                            "image name.\n"
-                            "       You may use `%"TS"' to list the images "
-                            "contained in a WIM."),
-                            image_name, wim_name, get_cmd_string(CMD_INFO, false));
-               return -1;
+                            "image name.  To list the images\n"
+                            "       contained in the WIM archive, run\n"
+                            "\n"
+                            "           %"TS" \"%"TS"\"\n"),
+                            image_name, wim_name,
+                            get_cmd_string(CMD_INFO, false), wim_name);
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -374,7 +387,7 @@ verify_image_is_single(int image)
 {
        if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
                imagex_error(T("Cannot specify all images for this action!"));
-               return -1;
+               return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -407,6 +420,103 @@ get_compression_type(const tchar *optarg)
        }
 }
 
+static int
+set_compress_slow(void)
+{
+       int ret;
+       static const struct wimlib_lzx_params slow_params = {
+               .size_of_this = sizeof(struct wimlib_lzx_params),
+               .algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_SLOW,
+               .alg_params = {
+                       .slow = {
+                               .use_len2_matches = 1,
+                               .num_fast_bytes = 96,
+                               .num_optim_passes = 4,
+                               .max_search_depth = 100,
+                               .max_matches_per_pos = 10,
+                               .main_nostat_cost = 15,
+                               .len_nostat_cost = 15,
+                               .aligned_nostat_cost = 7,
+                       },
+               },
+       };
+       ret = wimlib_lzx_set_default_params(&slow_params);
+       if (ret)
+               imagex_error(T("Couldn't set slow compression parameters.!"));
+       return ret;
+}
+
+struct string_set {
+       const tchar **strings;
+       unsigned num_strings;
+       unsigned num_alloc_strings;
+};
+
+#define STRING_SET_INITIALIZER \
+       { .strings = NULL, .num_strings = 0, .num_alloc_strings = 0, }
+
+#define STRING_SET(_strings) \
+       struct string_set _strings = STRING_SET_INITIALIZER
+
+static int
+string_set_append(struct string_set *set, const tchar *glob)
+{
+       unsigned num_alloc_strings = set->num_alloc_strings;
+
+       if (set->num_strings == num_alloc_strings) {
+               const tchar **new_strings;
+
+               num_alloc_strings += 4;
+               new_strings = realloc(set->strings,
+                                     sizeof(set->strings[0]) * num_alloc_strings);
+               if (!new_strings) {
+                       imagex_error(T("Out of memory!"));
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               set->strings = new_strings;
+               set->num_alloc_strings = num_alloc_strings;
+       }
+       set->strings[set->num_strings++] = glob;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+string_set_destroy(struct string_set *set)
+{
+       free(set->strings);
+}
+
+static int
+wim_reference_globs(WIMStruct *wim, struct string_set *set, int open_flags)
+{
+       return wimlib_reference_resource_files(wim, set->strings,
+                                              set->num_strings,
+                                              WIMLIB_REF_FLAG_GLOB_ENABLE,
+                                              open_flags,
+                                              imagex_progress_func);
+}
+
+static void
+do_resource_not_found_warning(const tchar *wimfile,
+                             const struct wimlib_wim_info *info,
+                             const struct string_set *refglobs)
+{
+       if (info->total_parts > 1) {
+               if (refglobs->num_strings == 0) {
+                       imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" is part of a split WIM. "
+                                      "Use --ref to specify the other parts."),
+                                    wimfile);
+               } else {
+                       imagex_error(T("Perhaps the '--ref' argument did not "
+                                      "specify all other parts of the split "
+                                      "WIM?"));
+               }
+       } else {
+               imagex_error(T("If this is a delta WIM, use the --ref argument "
+                              "to specify the WIM(s) on which it is based."));
+       }
+}
+
 /* Returns the size of a file given its name, or -1 if the file does not exist
  * or its size cannot be determined.  */
 static off_t
@@ -419,29 +529,6 @@ file_get_size(const tchar *filename)
                return (off_t)-1;
 }
 
-tchar pat_ntfs_log[]                  = T("/$ntfs.log");
-tchar pat_hiberfil_sys[]              = T("/hiberfil.sys");
-tchar pat_pagefile_sys[]              = T("/pagefile.sys");
-tchar pat_system_volume_information[] = T("/System Volume Information");
-tchar pat_recycler[]                  = T("/RECYCLER");
-tchar pat_windows_csc[]               = T("/Windows/CSC");
-
-tchar *default_pats[] = {
-       pat_ntfs_log,
-       pat_hiberfil_sys,
-       pat_pagefile_sys,
-       pat_system_volume_information,
-       pat_recycler,
-       pat_windows_csc,
-};
-
-static struct wimlib_capture_config default_capture_config = {
-       .exclusion_pats = {
-               .num_pats = sizeof(default_pats) / sizeof(default_pats[0]),
-               .pats = default_pats,
-       },
-};
-
 enum {
        PARSE_STRING_SUCCESS = 0,
        PARSE_STRING_FAILURE = 1,
@@ -883,8 +970,8 @@ translate_text_to_tstr(char *text, size_t num_bytes, size_t *num_tchars_ret)
        size_t num_wchars;
 
        if (num_bytes >= 2 &&
-           ((text[0] == 0xff && text[1] == 0xfe) ||
-            (text[0] <= 0x7f && text[1] == 0x00)))
+           (((unsigned char)text[0] == 0xff && (unsigned char)text[1] == 0xfe) ||
+            ((unsigned char)text[0] <= 0x7f && (unsigned char)text[1] == 0x00)))
        {
                /* File begins with 0xfeff, the BOM for UTF-16LE, or it begins
                 * with something that looks like an ASCII character encoded as
@@ -1032,10 +1119,18 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                }
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_SCAN_DENTRY:
-               if (info->scan.excluded)
-                       imagex_printf(T("Excluding \"%"TS"\" from capture\n"), info->scan.cur_path);
-               else
+               switch (info->scan.status) {
+               case WIMLIB_SCAN_DENTRY_OK:
                        imagex_printf(T("Scanning \"%"TS"\"\n"), info->scan.cur_path);
+                       break;
+               case WIMLIB_SCAN_DENTRY_EXCLUDED:
+                       imagex_printf(T("Excluding \"%"TS"\" from capture\n"), info->scan.cur_path);
+                       break;
+               case WIMLIB_SCAN_DENTRY_UNSUPPORTED:
+                       imagex_printf(T("WARNING: Excluding unsupported file or directory\n"
+                                       "         \"%"TS"\" from capture\n"), info->scan.cur_path);
+                       break;
+               }
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_VERIFY_INTEGRITY:
                unit_shift = get_unit(info->integrity.total_bytes, &unit_name);
@@ -1101,9 +1196,11 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                        imagex_printf(T("\n"));
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_EXTRACT_SPWM_PART_BEGIN:
-               imagex_printf(T("\nReading split pipable WIM part %u of %u\n"),
-                             info->extract.part_number,
-                             info->extract.total_parts);
+               if (info->extract.total_parts != 1) {
+                       imagex_printf(T("\nReading split pipable WIM part %u of %u\n"),
+                                     info->extract.part_number,
+                                     info->extract.total_parts);
+               }
                break;
        case WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_APPLY_TIMESTAMPS:
                if (info->extract.extract_root_wim_source_path[0] == T('\0'))
@@ -1142,7 +1239,7 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
                case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
                        imagex_printf(T("Deleted WIM path "
                                  "\""WIMLIB_WIM_PATH_SEPARATOR_STRING "%"TS"\"\n"),
-                               info->update.command->delete.wim_path);
+                               info->update.command->delete_.wim_path);
                        break;
                case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_RENAME:
                        imagex_printf(T("Renamed WIM path "
@@ -1163,70 +1260,6 @@ imagex_progress_func(enum wimlib_progress_msg msg,
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* Open all the split WIM parts that correspond to a file glob.
- *
- * @first_part specifies the first part of the split WIM and it may be either
- * included or omitted from the glob. */
-static int
-open_swms_from_glob(const tchar *swm_glob,
-                   const tchar *first_part,
-                   int open_flags,
-                   WIMStruct ***additional_swms_ret,
-                   unsigned *num_additional_swms_ret)
-{
-       unsigned num_additional_swms = 0;
-       WIMStruct **additional_swms = NULL;
-       glob_t globbuf;
-       int ret;
-
-       /* Warning: glob() is replaced in Windows native builds */
-       ret = tglob(swm_glob, GLOB_ERR | GLOB_NOSORT, NULL, &globbuf);
-       if (ret) {
-               if (ret == GLOB_NOMATCH) {
-                       imagex_error(T("Found no files for glob \"%"TS"\""),
-                                    swm_glob);
-               } else {
-                       imagex_error_with_errno(T("Failed to process glob \"%"TS"\""),
-                                               swm_glob);
-               }
-               ret = -1;
-               goto out;
-       }
-       num_additional_swms = globbuf.gl_pathc;
-       additional_swms = calloc(num_additional_swms, sizeof(additional_swms[0]));
-       if (!additional_swms) {
-               imagex_error(T("Out of memory"));
-               ret = -1;
-               goto out_globfree;
-       }
-       unsigned offset = 0;
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++) {
-               if (tstrcmp(globbuf.gl_pathv[i], first_part) == 0) {
-                       offset++;
-                       continue;
-               }
-               ret = wimlib_open_wim(globbuf.gl_pathv[i],
-                                     open_flags | WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK,
-                                     &additional_swms[i - offset],
-                                     imagex_progress_func);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto out_close_swms;
-       }
-       *additional_swms_ret = additional_swms;
-       *num_additional_swms_ret = num_additional_swms - offset;
-       ret = 0;
-       goto out_globfree;
-out_close_swms:
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
-               wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
-       free(additional_swms);
-out_globfree:
-       globfree(&globbuf);
-out:
-       return ret;
-}
-
-
 static unsigned
 parse_num_threads(const tchar *optarg)
 {
@@ -1261,23 +1294,23 @@ update_command_add_option(int op, const tchar *option,
        switch (op) {
        case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD:
                if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--verbose")))
-                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE;
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--unix-data")))
-                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
                else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--no-acls")) || !tstrcmp(option, T("--noacls")))
-                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
                else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--strict-acls")))
-                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
                else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--dereference")))
-                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
+                       cmd->add.add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
                else
                        recognized = false;
                break;
        case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
                if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--force")))
-                       cmd->delete.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_FORCE;
+                       cmd->delete_.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_FORCE;
                else if (!tstrcmp(option, T("--recursive")))
-                       cmd->delete.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_RECURSIVE;
+                       cmd->delete_.delete_flags |= WIMLIB_DELETE_FLAG_RECURSIVE;
                else
                        recognized = false;
                break;
@@ -1308,7 +1341,7 @@ update_command_add_nonoption(int op, const tchar *nonoption,
                        cmd->add.wim_target_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
                break;
        case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
-               cmd->delete.wim_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
+               cmd->delete_.wim_path = (tchar*)nonoption;
                break;
        case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_RENAME:
                if (num_nonoptions == 0)
@@ -1454,18 +1487,17 @@ static int
 imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 {
        int c;
-       int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
-       int image;
+       int open_flags = 0;
+       int image = WIMLIB_NO_IMAGE;
        WIMStruct *wim;
+       struct wimlib_wim_info info;
        int ret;
        const tchar *wimfile;
        const tchar *target;
-       const tchar *image_num_or_name;
+       const tchar *image_num_or_name = NULL;
        int extract_flags = WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL;
 
-       const tchar *swm_glob = NULL;
-       WIMStruct **additional_swms;
-       unsigned num_additional_swms;
+       STRING_SET(refglobs);
 
        for_opt(c, apply_options) {
                switch (c) {
@@ -1482,7 +1514,9 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
-                       swm_glob = optarg;
+                       ret = string_set_append(&refglobs, optarg);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_refglobs;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
@@ -1527,13 +1561,13 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        target = argv[2];
                }
                wim = NULL;
-               num_additional_swms = 0;
-               additional_swms = NULL;
        } else {
                ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &wim,
                                      imagex_progress_func);
                if (ret)
-                       goto out;
+                       goto out_free_refglobs;
+
+               wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
 
                if (argc >= 3) {
                        /* Image explicitly specified.  */
@@ -1546,9 +1580,7 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                } else {
                        /* No image specified; default to image 1, but only if the WIM
                         * contains exactly one image.  */
-                       struct wimlib_wim_info info;
 
-                       wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
                        if (info.image_count != 1) {
                                imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; "
                                               "Please select one (or all)."),
@@ -1559,17 +1591,17 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        image = 1;
                        target = argv[1];
                }
+       }
 
-               if (swm_glob) {
-                       ret = open_swms_from_glob(swm_glob, wimfile, open_flags,
-                                                 &additional_swms,
-                                                 &num_additional_swms);
-                       if (ret)
-                               goto out_wimlib_free;
-               } else {
-                       additional_swms = NULL;
-                       num_additional_swms = 0;
+       if (refglobs.num_strings) {
+               if (wim == NULL) {
+                       imagex_error(T("Can't specify --ref when applying from stdin!"));
+                       ret = -1;
+                       goto out_wimlib_free;
                }
+               ret = wim_reference_globs(wim, &refglobs, open_flags);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_wimlib_free;
        }
 
 #ifndef __WIN32__
@@ -1583,7 +1615,7 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                imagex_error_with_errno(T("Failed to stat \"%"TS"\""),
                                                        target);
                                ret = -1;
-                               goto out_free_swms;
+                               goto out_wimlib_free;
                        }
                } else {
                        if (S_ISBLK(stbuf.st_mode) || S_ISREG(stbuf.st_mode))
@@ -1594,7 +1626,6 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 
        if (wim) {
                ret = wimlib_extract_image(wim, image, target, extract_flags,
-                                          additional_swms, num_additional_swms,
                                           imagex_progress_func);
        } else {
                set_fd_to_binary_mode(STDIN_FILENO);
@@ -1603,21 +1634,28 @@ imagex_apply(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                                     target, extract_flags,
                                                     imagex_progress_func);
        }
-       if (ret == 0)
+       if (ret == 0) {
                imagex_printf(T("Done applying WIM image.\n"));
-out_free_swms:
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
-               wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
-       free(additional_swms);
+       } else if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND) {
+               if (wim) {
+                       do_resource_not_found_warning(wimfile, &info, &refglobs);
+               } else {
+                       imagex_error(T(        "If you are applying an image "
+                                              "from a split pipable WIM,\n"
+                                      "       make sure you have "
+                                      "concatenated together all parts."));
+               }
+       }
 out_wimlib_free:
        wimlib_free(wim);
-out:
+out_free_refglobs:
+       string_set_destroy(&refglobs);
        return ret;
 
 out_usage:
        usage(CMD_APPLY, stderr);
        ret = -1;
-       goto out;
+       goto out_free_refglobs;
 }
 
 /* Create a WIM image from a directory tree, NTFS volume, or multiple files or
@@ -1629,15 +1667,25 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 {
        int c;
        int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_WRITE_ACCESS;
-       int add_image_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE;
+       int add_image_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE |
+                             WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_WINCONFIG;
        int write_flags = 0;
-       int compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX;
+       int compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID;
        const tchar *wimfile;
        int wim_fd;
        const tchar *name;
        const tchar *desc;
        const tchar *flags_element = NULL;
+
        WIMStruct *wim;
+       STRING_SET(base_wimfiles);
+       WIMStruct **base_wims;
+
+       WIMStruct *template_wim;
+       const tchar *template_wimfile = NULL;
+       const tchar *template_image_name_or_num = NULL;
+       int template_image = WIMLIB_NO_IMAGE;
+
        int ret;
        unsigned num_threads = 0;
 
@@ -1649,7 +1697,7 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        struct wimlib_capture_config *config;
 
        bool source_list = false;
-       size_t source_list_nchars;
+       size_t source_list_nchars = 0;
        tchar *source_list_contents;
        bool capture_sources_malloced;
        struct wimlib_capture_source *capture_sources;
@@ -1670,12 +1718,19 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION:
                        config_file = optarg;
+                       add_image_flags &= ~WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_WINCONFIG;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION:
                        compression_type = get_compression_type(optarg);
                        if (compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID)
                                goto out_err;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION:
+                       ret = set_compress_slow();
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_err;
+                       compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX;
+                       break;
                case IMAGEX_FLAGS_OPTION:
                        flags_element = optarg;
                        break;
@@ -1717,6 +1772,36 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                case IMAGEX_NOT_PIPABLE_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NOT_PIPABLE;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_UPDATE_OF_OPTION:
+                       if (template_image_name_or_num) {
+                               imagex_error(T("'--update-of' can only be "
+                                              "specified one time!"));
+                               goto out_err;
+                       } else {
+                               tchar *colon;
+                               colon = tstrrchr(optarg, T(':'));
+
+                               if (colon) {
+                                       template_wimfile = optarg;
+                                       *colon = T('\0');
+                                       template_image_name_or_num = colon + 1;
+                               } else {
+                                       template_wimfile = NULL;
+                                       template_image_name_or_num = optarg;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       break;
+               case IMAGEX_DELTA_FROM_OPTION:
+                       if (cmd != CMD_CAPTURE) {
+                               imagex_error(T("'--delta-from' is only "
+                                              "valid for capture!"));
+                               goto out_usage;
+                       }
+                       ret = string_set_append(&base_wimfiles, optarg);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_base_wimfiles;
+                       write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SKIP_EXTERNAL_WIMS;
+                       break;
                default:
                        goto out_usage;
                }
@@ -1730,7 +1815,20 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        source = argv[0];
        wimfile = argv[1];
 
+       /* Set default compression type.  */
+       if (compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID) {
+               struct wimlib_lzx_params params;
+               memset(&params, 0, sizeof(params));
+               params.size_of_this = sizeof(params);
+               params.algorithm = WIMLIB_LZX_ALGORITHM_FAST;
+               params.use_defaults = 1;
+
+               wimlib_lzx_set_default_params(&params);
+               compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX;
+       }
+
        if (!tstrcmp(wimfile, T("-"))) {
+               /* Writing captured WIM to standard output.  */
        #if 0
                if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)) {
                        imagex_error("Can't write a non-pipable WIM to "
@@ -1750,6 +1848,36 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                wim_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
                wimfile = NULL;
                imagex_info_file = stderr;
+               set_fd_to_binary_mode(wim_fd);
+       }
+
+       /* If template image was specified using --update-of=IMAGE rather
+        * than --update-of=WIMFILE:IMAGE, set the default WIMFILE.  */
+       if (template_image_name_or_num && !template_wimfile) {
+               if (base_wimfiles.num_strings == 1) {
+                       /* Capturing delta WIM based on single WIM:  default to
+                        * base WIM.  */
+                       template_wimfile = base_wimfiles.strings[0];
+               } else if (cmd == CMD_APPEND) {
+                       /* Appending to WIM:  default to WIM being appended to.
+                        */
+                       template_wimfile = wimfile;
+               } else {
+                       /* Capturing a normal (non-delta) WIM, so the WIM file
+                        * *must* be explicitly specified.  */
+                       if (base_wimfiles.num_strings > 1) {
+                               imagex_error(T("For capture of delta WIM "
+                                              "based on multiple existing "
+                                              "WIMs,\n"
+                                              "      '--update-of' must "
+                                              "specify WIMFILE:IMAGE!"));
+                       } else {
+                               imagex_error(T("For capture of non-delta WIM, "
+                                              "'--update-of' must specify "
+                                              "WIMFILE:IMAGE!"));
+                       }
+                       goto out_usage;
+               }
        }
 
        if (argc >= 3) {
@@ -1793,8 +1921,7 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                }
                capture_sources_malloced = true;
        } else {
-               /* Set up capture source in non-source-list mode (could be
-                * either "normal" mode or "NTFS mode"--- see the man page). */
+               /* Set up capture source in non-source-list mode.  */
                capture_sources = alloca(sizeof(struct wimlib_capture_source));
                capture_sources[0].fs_source_path = source;
                capture_sources[0].wim_target_path = NULL;
@@ -1805,6 +1932,7 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        }
 
        if (config_file) {
+               /* Read and parse capture configuration file.  */
                size_t config_len;
 
                config_str = file_get_text_contents(config_file, &config_len);
@@ -1818,9 +1946,13 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_config;
        } else {
-               config = &default_capture_config;
+               /* No capture configuration file specified; use default
+                * configuration for capturing Windows operating systems.  */
+               config = NULL;
+               add_image_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_WINCONFIG;
        }
 
+       /* Open the existing WIM, or create a new one.  */
        if (cmd == CMD_APPEND)
                ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &wim,
                                      imagex_progress_func);
@@ -1830,6 +1962,8 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                goto out_free_config;
 
 #ifndef __WIN32__
+       /* Detect if source is regular file or block device and set NTFS volume
+        * capture mode.  */
        if (!source_list) {
                struct stat stbuf;
 
@@ -1844,16 +1978,16 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                imagex_error_with_errno(T("Failed to stat "
                                                          "\"%"TS"\""), source);
                                ret = -1;
-                               goto out_wimlib_free;
+                               goto out_free_wim;
                        }
                }
        }
 #endif
 
+       /* If the user did not specify an image name, and the basename of the
+        * source already exists as an image name in the WIM file, append a
+        * suffix to make it unique. */
        if (cmd == CMD_APPEND && name_defaulted) {
-               /* If the user did not specify an image name, and the basename
-                * of the source already exists as an image name in the WIM
-                * file, append a suffix to make it unique. */
                unsigned long conflict_idx;
                tchar *name_end = tstrchr(name, T('\0'));
                for (conflict_idx = 1;
@@ -1863,6 +1997,87 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        tsprintf(name_end, T(" (%lu)"), conflict_idx);
                }
        }
+
+       /* If capturing a delta WIM, reference resources from the base WIMs
+        * before adding the new image.  */
+       if (base_wimfiles.num_strings) {
+               base_wims = calloc(base_wimfiles.num_strings,
+                                  sizeof(base_wims[0]));
+               if (base_wims == NULL) {
+                       imagex_error(T("Out of memory!"));
+                       ret = -1;
+                       goto out_free_wim;
+               }
+
+               for (size_t i = 0; i < base_wimfiles.num_strings; i++) {
+                       ret = wimlib_open_wim(base_wimfiles.strings[i],
+                                             open_flags, &base_wims[i],
+                                             imagex_progress_func);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_base_wims;
+
+               }
+
+               ret = wimlib_reference_resources(wim, base_wims,
+                                                base_wimfiles.num_strings, 0);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_free_base_wims;
+
+               if (base_wimfiles.num_strings == 1) {
+                       imagex_printf(T("Capturing delta WIM based on \"%"TS"\"\n"),
+                                     base_wimfiles.strings[0]);
+               } else {
+                       imagex_printf(T("Capturing delta WIM based on %u WIMs\n"),
+                                     base_wimfiles.num_strings);
+               }
+
+       } else {
+               base_wims = NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* If capturing or appending as an update of an existing (template) image,
+        * open the WIM if needed and parse the image index.  */
+       if (template_image_name_or_num) {
+
+
+               if (base_wimfiles.num_strings == 1 &&
+                   template_wimfile == base_wimfiles.strings[0]) {
+                       template_wim = base_wims[0];
+               } else if (template_wimfile == wimfile) {
+                       template_wim = wim;
+               } else {
+                       ret = wimlib_open_wim(template_wimfile, open_flags,
+                                             &template_wim, imagex_progress_func);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_base_wims;
+               }
+
+               template_image = wimlib_resolve_image(template_wim,
+                                                     template_image_name_or_num);
+
+               if (template_image_name_or_num[0] == T('-')) {
+                       tchar *tmp;
+                       unsigned long n;
+                       struct wimlib_wim_info info;
+
+                       wimlib_get_wim_info(template_wim, &info);
+                       n = tstrtoul(template_image_name_or_num + 1, &tmp, 10);
+                       if (n >= 1 && n <= info.image_count &&
+                           *tmp == T('\0') &&
+                           tmp != template_image_name_or_num + 1)
+                       {
+                               template_image = info.image_count - (n - 1);
+                       }
+               }
+               ret = verify_image_exists_and_is_single(template_image,
+                                                       template_image_name_or_num,
+                                                       template_wimfile);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_free_template_wim;
+       } else {
+               template_wim = NULL;
+       }
+
        ret = wimlib_add_image_multisource(wim,
                                           capture_sources,
                                           num_sources,
@@ -1871,12 +2086,13 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                           add_image_flags,
                                           imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_wimlib_free;
+               goto out_free_template_wim;
 
-       if (desc || flags_element) {
-               /* User provided <DESCRIPTION> or <FLAGS> element.  Get the
-                * index of the image we just added, then use it to call the
-                * appropriate functions.  */
+       if (desc || flags_element || template_image_name_or_num) {
+               /* User provided <DESCRIPTION> or <FLAGS> element, or an image
+                * on which the added one is to be based has been specified with
+                * --update-of.  Get the index of the image we just
+                *  added, then use it to call the appropriate functions.  */
                struct wimlib_wim_info info;
 
                wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
@@ -1886,14 +2102,28 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                                          info.image_count,
                                                          desc);
                        if (ret)
-                               goto out_wimlib_free;
+                               goto out_free_template_wim;
                }
 
                if (flags_element) {
                        ret = wimlib_set_image_flags(wim, info.image_count,
                                                     flags_element);
                        if (ret)
-                               goto out_wimlib_free;
+                               goto out_free_template_wim;
+               }
+
+               /* Reference template image if the user provided one.  */
+               if (template_image_name_or_num) {
+                       imagex_printf(T("Using image %d "
+                                       "from \"%"TS"\" as template\n"),
+                                       template_image, template_wimfile);
+                       ret = wimlib_reference_template_image(wim,
+                                                             info.image_count,
+                                                             template_wim,
+                                                             template_image,
+                                                             0, NULL);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_template_wim;
                }
        }
 
@@ -1911,10 +2141,19 @@ imagex_capture_or_append(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                         write_flags, num_threads,
                                         imagex_progress_func);
        }
-out_wimlib_free:
+out_free_template_wim:
+       /* template_wim may alias base_wims[0] or wim.  */
+       if ((base_wimfiles.num_strings != 1 || template_wim != base_wims[0]) &&
+           template_wim != wim)
+               wimlib_free(template_wim);
+out_free_base_wims:
+       for (size_t i = 0; i < base_wimfiles.num_strings; i++)
+               wimlib_free(base_wims[i]);
+       free(base_wims);
+out_free_wim:
        wimlib_free(wim);
 out_free_config:
-       if (config != &default_capture_config) {
+       if (config) {
                free(config->exclusion_pats.pats);
                free(config->exclusion_exception_pats.pats);
                free(config_str);
@@ -1924,14 +2163,15 @@ out_free_capture_sources:
                free(capture_sources);
 out_free_source_list_contents:
        free(source_list_contents);
-out:
+out_free_base_wimfiles:
+       string_set_destroy(&base_wimfiles);
        return ret;
 
 out_usage:
        usage(cmd, stderr);
 out_err:
        ret = -1;
-       goto out;
+       goto out_free_base_wimfiles;
 }
 
 /* Remove image(s) from a WIM. */
@@ -2047,8 +2287,7 @@ imagex_dir(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        }
 
        wimfile = argv[0];
-       ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK, &wim,
-                             imagex_progress_func);
+       ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, 0, &wim, imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret)
                goto out;
 
@@ -2105,14 +2344,13 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        const tchar *dest_name;
        const tchar *dest_desc;
        WIMStruct *src_wim;
+       struct wimlib_wim_info src_info;
        WIMStruct *dest_wim;
        int ret;
        int image;
        struct stat stbuf;
        bool wim_is_new;
-       const tchar *swm_glob = NULL;
-       WIMStruct **additional_swms;
-       unsigned num_additional_swms;
+       STRING_SET(refglobs);
        unsigned num_threads = 0;
 
        for_opt(c, export_options) {
@@ -2133,7 +2371,9 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                goto out_err;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
-                       swm_glob = optarg;
+                       ret = string_set_append(&refglobs, optarg);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_refglobs;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
                        num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
@@ -2162,11 +2402,12 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        dest_wimfile          = argv[2];
        dest_name             = (argc >= 4) ? argv[3] : NULL;
        dest_desc             = (argc >= 5) ? argv[4] : NULL;
-       ret = wimlib_open_wim(src_wimfile,
-                             open_flags | WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK, &src_wim,
+       ret = wimlib_open_wim(src_wimfile, open_flags, &src_wim,
                              imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret)
-               goto out;
+               goto out_free_refglobs;
+
+       wimlib_get_wim_info(src_wim, &src_info);
 
        /* Determine if the destination is an existing file or not.  If so, we
         * try to append the exported image(s) to it; otherwise, we create a new
@@ -2189,6 +2430,7 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                dest_wimfile = NULL;
                dest_wim_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
                imagex_info_file = stderr;
+               set_fd_to_binary_mode(dest_wim_fd);
        }
        errno = ENOENT;
        if (dest_wimfile != NULL && tstat(dest_wimfile, &stbuf) == 0) {
@@ -2201,7 +2443,8 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        ret = -1;
                        goto out_free_src_wim;
                }
-               ret = wimlib_open_wim(dest_wimfile, open_flags | WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_WRITE_ACCESS,
+               ret = wimlib_open_wim(dest_wimfile,
+                                     open_flags | WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_WRITE_ACCESS,
                                      &dest_wim, imagex_progress_func);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_src_wim;
@@ -2238,9 +2481,6 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        /* The user did not specify a compression type; default
                         * to that of the source WIM.  */
 
-                       struct wimlib_wim_info src_info;
-
-                       wimlib_get_wim_info(src_wim, &src_info);
                        compression_type = src_info.compression_type;
                }
                ret = wimlib_create_new_wim(compression_type, &dest_wim);
@@ -2253,22 +2493,30 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        if (ret)
                goto out_free_dest_wim;
 
-       if (swm_glob) {
-               ret = open_swms_from_glob(swm_glob, src_wimfile, open_flags,
-                                         &additional_swms,
-                                         &num_additional_swms);
+       if (refglobs.num_strings) {
+               ret = wim_reference_globs(src_wim, &refglobs, open_flags);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_dest_wim;
-       } else {
-               additional_swms = NULL;
-               num_additional_swms = 0;
+       }
+
+       if ((export_flags & WIMLIB_EXPORT_FLAG_BOOT) &&
+           image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES && src_info.boot_index == 0)
+       {
+               imagex_error(T("--boot specified for all-images export, but source WIM "
+                              "has no bootable image."));
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out_free_dest_wim;
        }
 
        ret = wimlib_export_image(src_wim, image, dest_wim, dest_name,
-                                 dest_desc, export_flags, additional_swms,
-                                 num_additional_swms, imagex_progress_func);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out_free_swms;
+                                 dest_desc, export_flags, imagex_progress_func);
+       if (ret) {
+               if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND) {
+                       do_resource_not_found_warning(src_wimfile,
+                                                     &src_info, &refglobs);
+               }
+               goto out_free_dest_wim;
+       }
 
        if (!wim_is_new)
                ret = wimlib_overwrite(dest_wim, write_flags, num_threads,
@@ -2281,24 +2529,19 @@ imagex_export(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                ret = wimlib_write_to_fd(dest_wim, dest_wim_fd,
                                         WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES, write_flags,
                                         num_threads, imagex_progress_func);
-       if (ret)
-               imagex_error(T("Export failed."));
-out_free_swms:
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
-               wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
-       free(additional_swms);
 out_free_dest_wim:
        wimlib_free(dest_wim);
 out_free_src_wim:
        wimlib_free(src_wim);
-out:
+out_free_refglobs:
+       string_set_destroy(&refglobs);
        return ret;
 
 out_usage:
        usage(CMD_EXPORT, stderr);
 out_err:
        ret = -1;
-       goto out;
+       goto out_free_refglobs;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -2367,7 +2610,7 @@ static int
 imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 {
        int c;
-       int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
+       int open_flags = 0;
        int image;
        WIMStruct *wim;
        int ret;
@@ -2376,9 +2619,7 @@ imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        tchar *dest_dir = T(".");
        int extract_flags = WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL | WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NORPFIX;
 
-       const tchar *swm_glob = NULL;
-       WIMStruct **additional_swms;
-       unsigned num_additional_swms;
+       STRING_SET(refglobs);
 
        struct wimlib_extract_command *cmds;
        size_t num_cmds;
@@ -2392,7 +2633,9 @@ imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
-                       swm_glob = optarg;
+                       ret = string_set_append(&refglobs, optarg);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_refglobs;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
                        extract_flags |= WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
@@ -2447,19 +2690,13 @@ imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        if (ret)
                goto out_wimlib_free;
 
-       if (swm_glob) {
-               ret = open_swms_from_glob(swm_glob, wimfile, open_flags,
-                                         &additional_swms,
-                                         &num_additional_swms);
+       if (refglobs.num_strings) {
+               ret = wim_reference_globs(wim, &refglobs, open_flags);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_wimlib_free;
-       } else {
-               additional_swms = NULL;
-               num_additional_swms = 0;
        }
 
        ret = wimlib_extract_files(wim, image, cmds, num_cmds, 0,
-                                  additional_swms, num_additional_swms,
                                   imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret == 0) {
                if (!imagex_be_quiet)
@@ -2469,22 +2706,25 @@ imagex_extract(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                                   "files and directories\n"
                                   "      are in the WIM image.\n"),
                                get_cmd_string(CMD_INFO, false));
+       } else if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_NOT_FOUND) {
+               struct wimlib_wim_info info;
+
+               wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
+               do_resource_not_found_warning(wimfile, &info, &refglobs);
        }
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
-               wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
-       free(additional_swms);
 out_wimlib_free:
        wimlib_free(wim);
 out_free_cmds:
        free_extract_commands(cmds, num_cmds, dest_dir);
-out:
+out_free_refglobs:
+       string_set_destroy(&refglobs);
        return ret;
 
 out_usage:
        usage(CMD_EXTRACT, stderr);
 out_err:
        ret = -1;
-       goto out;
+       goto out_free_refglobs;
 }
 
 static void print_byte_field(const uint8_t field[], size_t len)
@@ -2581,7 +2821,7 @@ imagex_info(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        WIMStruct *wim;
        int image;
        int ret;
-       int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
+       int open_flags = 0;
        struct wimlib_wim_info info;
 
        for_opt(c, info_options) {
@@ -2647,8 +2887,7 @@ imagex_info(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        image = wimlib_resolve_image(wim, image_num_or_name);
        ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
        if (image == WIMLIB_NO_IMAGE && tstrcmp(image_num_or_name, T("0"))) {
-               imagex_error(T("The image \"%"TS"\" does not exist in \"%"TS"\""),
-                            image_num_or_name, wimfile);
+               verify_image_exists(image, image_num_or_name, wimfile);
                if (boot) {
                        imagex_error(T("If you would like to set the boot "
                                       "index to 0, specify image \"0\" with "
@@ -2840,7 +3079,7 @@ static int
 imagex_join(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 {
        int c;
-       int swm_open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
+       int swm_open_flags = 0;
        int wim_write_flags = 0;
        const tchar *output_path;
        int ret;
@@ -2887,16 +3126,16 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 {
        int c;
        int mount_flags = 0;
-       int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_SPLIT_OK;
-       const tchar *swm_glob = NULL;
+       int open_flags = 0;
        const tchar *staging_dir = NULL;
        const tchar *wimfile;
        const tchar *dir;
        WIMStruct *wim;
+       struct wimlib_wim_info info;
        int image;
        int ret;
-       WIMStruct **additional_swms;
-       unsigned num_additional_swms;
+
+       STRING_SET(refglobs);
 
        if (cmd == CMD_MOUNTRW) {
                mount_flags |= WIMLIB_MOUNT_FLAG_READWRITE;
@@ -2928,7 +3167,9 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                        }
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_REF_OPTION:
-                       swm_glob = optarg;
+                       ret = string_set_append(&refglobs, optarg);
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_free_refglobs;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_STAGING_DIR_OPTION:
                        staging_dir = optarg;
@@ -2949,7 +3190,9 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 
        ret = wimlib_open_wim(wimfile, open_flags, &wim, imagex_progress_func);
        if (ret)
-               goto out;
+               goto out_free_refglobs;
+
+       wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
 
        if (argc >= 3) {
                /* Image explicitly specified.  */
@@ -2961,9 +3204,7 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        } else {
                /* No image specified; default to image 1, but only if the WIM
                 * contains exactly one image.  */
-               struct wimlib_wim_info info;
 
-               wimlib_get_wim_info(wim, &info);
                if (info.image_count != 1) {
                        imagex_error(T("\"%"TS"\" contains %d images; Please "
                                       "select one."), wimfile, info.image_count);
@@ -2974,36 +3215,28 @@ imagex_mount_rw_or_ro(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                dir = argv[1];
        }
 
-       if (swm_glob) {
-               ret = open_swms_from_glob(swm_glob, wimfile, open_flags,
-                                         &additional_swms,
-                                         &num_additional_swms);
+       if (refglobs.num_strings) {
+               ret = wim_reference_globs(wim, &refglobs, open_flags);
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_wim;
-       } else {
-               additional_swms = NULL;
-               num_additional_swms = 0;
        }
 
-       ret = wimlib_mount_image(wim, image, dir, mount_flags, additional_swms,
-                                num_additional_swms, staging_dir);
+       ret = wimlib_mount_image(wim, image, dir, mount_flags, staging_dir);
        if (ret) {
                imagex_error(T("Failed to mount image %d from \"%"TS"\" "
                               "on \"%"TS"\""),
                             image, wimfile, dir);
        }
-       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_additional_swms; i++)
-               wimlib_free(additional_swms[i]);
-       free(additional_swms);
 out_free_wim:
        wimlib_free(wim);
-out:
+out_free_refglobs:
+       string_set_destroy(&refglobs);
        return ret;
 
 out_usage:
        usage(cmd, stderr);
        ret = -1;
-       goto out;
+       goto out_free_refglobs;
 }
 #endif /* WIM_MOUNTING_SUPPORTED */
 
@@ -3014,6 +3247,7 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        int c;
        int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_WRITE_ACCESS;
        int write_flags = WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD;
+       int compression_type = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID;
        int ret;
        WIMStruct *wim;
        const tchar *wimfile;
@@ -3030,9 +3264,21 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                case IMAGEX_NOCHECK_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_OPTION:
+                       write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
+                       compression_type = get_compression_type(optarg);
+                       if (compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID)
+                               goto out_err;
+                       break;
                case IMAGEX_RECOMPRESS_OPTION:
                        write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
                        break;
+               case IMAGEX_COMPRESS_SLOW_OPTION:
+                       write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
+                       ret = set_compress_slow();
+                       if (ret)
+                               goto out_err;
+                       break;
                case IMAGEX_THREADS_OPTION:
                        num_threads = parse_num_threads(optarg);
                        if (num_threads == UINT_MAX)
@@ -3060,6 +3306,12 @@ imagex_optimize(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        if (ret)
                goto out;
 
+       if (compression_type != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_INVALID) {
+               ret = wimlib_set_output_compression_type(wim, compression_type);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out_wimlib_free;
+       }
+
        old_size = file_get_size(wimfile);
        tprintf(T("\"%"TS"\" original size: "), wimfile);
        if (old_size == -1)
@@ -3211,7 +3463,7 @@ imagex_update(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        int open_flags = WIMLIB_OPEN_FLAG_WRITE_ACCESS;
        int write_flags = 0;
        int update_flags = WIMLIB_UPDATE_FLAG_SEND_PROGRESS;
-       int default_add_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE;
+       int default_add_flags = WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE;
        int default_delete_flags = 0;
        unsigned num_threads = 0;
        int c;
@@ -3264,24 +3516,25 @@ imagex_update(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
 
                /* Global add option */
                case IMAGEX_CONFIG_OPTION:
+                       default_add_flags &= ~WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_WINCONFIG;
                        config_file = optarg;
                        break;
 
                /* Default add options */
                case IMAGEX_VERBOSE_OPTION:
-                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE;
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_VERBOSE;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_DEREFERENCE_OPTION:
-                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_DEREFERENCE;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_UNIX_DATA_OPTION:
-                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_UNIX_DATA;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_NO_ACLS_OPTION:
-                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_NO_ACLS;
                        break;
                case IMAGEX_STRICT_ACLS_OPTION:
-                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
+                       default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS;
                        break;
                default:
                        goto out_usage;
@@ -3335,7 +3588,8 @@ imagex_update(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
                if (ret)
                        goto out_free_config;
        } else {
-               config = &default_capture_config;
+               config = NULL;
+               default_add_flags |= WIMLIB_ADD_FLAG_WINCONFIG;
        }
 
        /* Read update commands from standard input, or the command string if
@@ -3365,16 +3619,14 @@ imagex_update(int argc, tchar **argv, int cmd)
        }
 
        /* Set default flags and capture config on the update commands */
-       bool have_add_command = false;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < num_cmds; i++) {
                switch (cmds[i].op) {
                case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_ADD:
                        cmds[i].add.add_flags |= default_add_flags;
                        cmds[i].add.config = config;
-                       have_add_command = true;
                        break;
                case WIMLIB_UPDATE_OP_DELETE:
-                       cmds[i].delete.delete_flags |= default_delete_flags;
+                       cmds[i].delete_.delete_flags |= default_delete_flags;
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
@@ -3395,7 +3647,7 @@ out_free_cmds:
 out_free_cmd_file_contents:
        free(cmd_file_contents);
 out_free_config:
-       if (config != &default_capture_config) {
+       if (config) {
                free(config->exclusion_pats.pats);
                free(config->exclusion_exception_pats.pats);
                free(config_str);
@@ -3446,12 +3698,12 @@ static const tchar *usage_strings[] = {
 [CMD_APPEND] =
 T(
 "    %"TS" (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) WIMFILE\n"
-"                    [IMAGE_NAME [IMAGE_DESCRIPTION]] [--boot] [--check]\n"
-"                    [--nocheck] [--flags EDITION_ID] [--verbose]\n"
+"                    [IMAGE_NAME [IMAGE_DESCRIPTION]] [--boot]\n"
+"                    [--check] [--nocheck] [--flags EDITION_ID] [--verbose]\n"
 "                    [--dereference] [--config=FILE] [--threads=NUM_THREADS]\n"
-"                    [--rebuild] [--unix-data] [--source-list] [--no-acls]\n"
-"                    [--strict-acls] [--rpfix] [--norpfix] [--pipable]\n"
-"                    [--not-pipable]\n"
+"                    [--source-list] [--no-acls] [--strict-acls] [--rpfix]\n"
+"                    [--norpfix] [--unix-data] [--pipable]\n"
+"                    [--update-of=[WIMFILE:]IMAGE]\n"
 ),
 [CMD_APPLY] =
 T(
@@ -3459,17 +3711,18 @@ T(
 "                    (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) [--check] [--hardlink]\n"
 "                    [--symlink] [--verbose] [--ref=\"GLOB\"] [--unix-data]\n"
 "                    [--no-acls] [--strict-acls] [--rpfix] [--norpfix]\n"
-"                    [--include-invalid-names] [--resume]\n"
+"                    [--include-invalid-names]\n"
 ),
 [CMD_CAPTURE] =
 T(
 "    %"TS" (DIRECTORY | NTFS_VOLUME) WIMFILE\n"
-"                   [IMAGE_NAME [IMAGE_DESCRIPTION]] [--boot] [--check]\n"
-"                    [--nocheck] [--compress=TYPE] [--flags EDITION_ID]\n"
-"                    [--verbose] [--dereference] [--config=FILE]\n"
-"                    [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--unix-data] [--source-list]\n"
+"                   [IMAGE_NAME [IMAGE_DESCRIPTION]] [--boot]\n"
+"                    [--check] [--nocheck] [--compress=TYPE]\n"
+"                    [--flags EDITION_ID] [--verbose] [--dereference]\n"
+"                    [--config=FILE] [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--source-list]\n"
 "                    [--no-acls] [--strict-acls] [--rpfix] [--norpfix]\n"
-"                    [--pipable] [--not-pipable]\n"
+"                    [--unix-data] [--pipable] [--update-of=[WIMFILE:]IMAGE]\n"
+"                    [--delta-from=WIMFILE]\n"
 ),
 [CMD_DELETE] =
 T(
@@ -3523,6 +3776,7 @@ T(
 [CMD_OPTIMIZE] =
 T(
 "    %"TS" WIMFILE [--check] [--nocheck] [--recompress]\n"
+"                    [--recompress-slow] [--compress=TYPE]\n"
 "                    [--threads=NUM_THREADS] [--pipable] [--not-pipable]\n"
 ),
 [CMD_SPLIT] =
@@ -3544,24 +3798,25 @@ T(
 };
 
 static const tchar *invocation_name;
-static bool using_cmd_from_invocation_name = false;
+static int invocation_cmd = CMD_NONE;
 
 static const tchar *get_cmd_string(int cmd, bool nospace)
 {
-
-       if (using_cmd_from_invocation_name || cmd == CMD_NONE) {
-               return invocation_name;
+       static tchar buf[50];
+       if (cmd == CMD_NONE) {
+               tsprintf(buf, T("%"TS), T(IMAGEX_PROGNAME));
+       } else if (invocation_cmd != CMD_NONE) {
+               tsprintf(buf, T("wim%"TS), imagex_commands[cmd].name);
        } else {
                const tchar *format;
-               static tchar buf[50];
 
                if (nospace)
                        format = T("%"TS"-%"TS"");
                else
                        format = T("%"TS" %"TS"");
                tsprintf(buf, format, invocation_name, imagex_commands[cmd].name);
-               return buf;
        }
+       return buf;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -3702,7 +3957,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
                        if (!tstrcmp(invocation_name + 3,
                                     imagex_commands[i].name))
                        {
-                               using_cmd_from_invocation_name = true;
+                               invocation_cmd = i;
                                cmd = i;
                                break;
                        }