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1 /*
2  * write.c
3  *
4  * Support for writing WIM files; write a WIM file, overwrite a WIM file, write
5  * compressed file resources, etc.
6  */
7
8 /*
9  * Copyright (C) 2012-2016 Eric Biggers
10  *
11  * This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
12  * the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
13  * Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any
14  * later version.
15  *
16  * This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
17  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
18  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more
19  * details.
20  *
21  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
22  * along with this file; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
23  */
24
25 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
26 #  include "config.h"
27 #endif
28
29 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_FILE_H) && defined(HAVE_FLOCK)
30 /* On BSD, this should be included before "wimlib/list.h" so that "wimlib/list.h" can
31  * override the LIST_HEAD macro. */
32 #  include <sys/file.h>
33 #endif
34
35 #include <errno.h>
36 #include <fcntl.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <unistd.h>
39
40 #include "wimlib/alloca.h"
41 #include "wimlib/assert.h"
42 #include "wimlib/blob_table.h"
43 #include "wimlib/chunk_compressor.h"
44 #include "wimlib/endianness.h"
45 #include "wimlib/error.h"
46 #include "wimlib/file_io.h"
47 #include "wimlib/header.h"
48 #include "wimlib/inode.h"
49 #include "wimlib/integrity.h"
50 #include "wimlib/metadata.h"
51 #include "wimlib/paths.h"
52 #include "wimlib/progress.h"
53 #include "wimlib/resource.h"
54 #include "wimlib/solid.h"
55 #include "wimlib/win32.h" /* win32_rename_replacement() */
56 #include "wimlib/write.h"
57 #include "wimlib/xml.h"
58
59
60 /* wimlib internal flags used when writing resources.  */
61 #define WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS          0x00000001
62 #define WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE             0x00000002
63 #define WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID               0x00000004
64 #define WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE 0x00000008
65 #define WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID_SORT          0x00000010
66
67 static int
68 write_flags_to_resource_flags(int write_flags)
69 {
70         int write_resource_flags = 0;
71
72         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS)
73                 write_resource_flags |= WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
74
75         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)
76                 write_resource_flags |= WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE;
77
78         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID)
79                 write_resource_flags |= WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID;
80
81         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE_MESSAGES)
82                 write_resource_flags |= WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE;
83
84         if ((write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID |
85                             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_SOLID_SORT)) ==
86             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID)
87                 write_resource_flags |= WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID_SORT;
88
89         return write_resource_flags;
90 }
91
92 struct filter_context {
93         int write_flags;
94         WIMStruct *wim;
95 };
96
97 /*
98  * Determine whether the specified blob should be filtered out from the write.
99  *
100  * Return values:
101  *
102  *  < 0 : The blob should be hard-filtered; that is, not included in the output
103  *        WIM file at all.
104  *    0 : The blob should not be filtered out.
105  *  > 0 : The blob should be soft-filtered; that is, it already exists in the
106  *        WIM file and may not need to be written again.
107  */
108 static int
109 blob_filtered(const struct blob_descriptor *blob,
110               const struct filter_context *ctx)
111 {
112         int write_flags;
113         WIMStruct *wim;
114
115         if (ctx == NULL)
116                 return 0;
117
118         write_flags = ctx->write_flags;
119         wim = ctx->wim;
120
121         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND &&
122             blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM &&
123             blob->rdesc->wim == wim)
124                 return 1;
125
126         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SKIP_EXTERNAL_WIMS &&
127             blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM &&
128             blob->rdesc->wim != wim)
129                 return -1;
130
131         return 0;
132 }
133
134 static bool
135 blob_hard_filtered(const struct blob_descriptor *blob,
136                    struct filter_context *ctx)
137 {
138         return blob_filtered(blob, ctx) < 0;
139 }
140
141 static inline bool
142 may_soft_filter_blobs(const struct filter_context *ctx)
143 {
144         return ctx && (ctx->write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND);
145 }
146
147 static inline bool
148 may_hard_filter_blobs(const struct filter_context *ctx)
149 {
150         return ctx && (ctx->write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SKIP_EXTERNAL_WIMS);
151 }
152
153 static inline bool
154 may_filter_blobs(const struct filter_context *ctx)
155 {
156         return (may_soft_filter_blobs(ctx) || may_hard_filter_blobs(ctx));
157 }
158
159 /* Return true if the specified blob is located in a WIM resource which can be
160  * reused in the output WIM file, without being recompressed.  */
161 static bool
162 can_raw_copy(const struct blob_descriptor *blob, int write_resource_flags,
163              int out_ctype, u32 out_chunk_size)
164 {
165         const struct wim_resource_descriptor *rdesc;
166
167         /* Recompress everything if requested.  */
168         if (write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS)
169                 return false;
170
171         /* A blob not located in a WIM resource cannot be reused.  */
172         if (blob->blob_location != BLOB_IN_WIM)
173                 return false;
174
175         rdesc = blob->rdesc;
176
177         /* In the case of an in-place compaction, always reuse resources located
178          * in the WIM being compacted.  */
179         if (rdesc->wim->being_compacted)
180                 return true;
181
182         /* Otherwise, only reuse compressed resources.  */
183         if (out_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE ||
184             !(rdesc->flags & (WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED |
185                               WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID)))
186                 return false;
187
188         /* When writing a pipable WIM, we can only reuse pipable resources; and
189          * when writing a non-pipable WIM, we can only reuse non-pipable
190          * resources.  */
191         if (rdesc->is_pipable !=
192             !!(write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE))
193                 return false;
194
195         /* When writing a solid WIM, we can only reuse solid resources; and when
196          * writing a non-solid WIM, we can only reuse non-solid resources.  */
197         if (!!(rdesc->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID) !=
198             !!(write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID))
199                 return false;
200
201         /* Note: it is theoretically possible to copy chunks of compressed data
202          * between non-solid, solid, and pipable resources.  However, we don't
203          * currently implement this optimization because it would be complex and
204          * would usually go unused.  */
205
206         if (rdesc->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED) {
207                 /* To re-use a non-solid resource, it must use the desired
208                  * compression type and chunk size.  */
209                 return (rdesc->compression_type == out_ctype &&
210                         rdesc->chunk_size == out_chunk_size);
211         } else {
212                 /* Solid resource: Such resources may contain multiple blobs,
213                  * and in general only a subset of them need to be written.  As
214                  * a heuristic, re-use the raw data if more than two-thirds the
215                  * uncompressed size is being written.  */
216
217                 /* Note: solid resources contain a header that specifies the
218                  * compression type and chunk size; therefore we don't need to
219                  * check if they are compatible with @out_ctype and
220                  * @out_chunk_size.  */
221
222                 /* Did we already decide to reuse the resource?  */
223                 if (rdesc->raw_copy_ok)
224                         return true;
225
226                 struct blob_descriptor *res_blob;
227                 u64 write_size = 0;
228
229                 list_for_each_entry(res_blob, &rdesc->blob_list, rdesc_node)
230                         if (res_blob->will_be_in_output_wim)
231                                 write_size += res_blob->size;
232
233                 return (write_size > rdesc->uncompressed_size * 2 / 3);
234         }
235 }
236
237 static u32
238 reshdr_flags_for_blob(const struct blob_descriptor *blob)
239 {
240         u32 reshdr_flags = 0;
241         if (blob->is_metadata)
242                 reshdr_flags |= WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_METADATA;
243         return reshdr_flags;
244 }
245
246 static void
247 blob_set_out_reshdr_for_reuse(struct blob_descriptor *blob)
248 {
249         const struct wim_resource_descriptor *rdesc;
250
251         wimlib_assert(blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM);
252         rdesc = blob->rdesc;
253
254         if (rdesc->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID) {
255                 blob->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim = blob->offset_in_res;
256                 blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size = 0;
257                 blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim = blob->size;
258
259                 blob->out_res_offset_in_wim = rdesc->offset_in_wim;
260                 blob->out_res_size_in_wim = rdesc->size_in_wim;
261                 blob->out_res_uncompressed_size = rdesc->uncompressed_size;
262         } else {
263                 blob->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim = rdesc->offset_in_wim;
264                 blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size = rdesc->uncompressed_size;
265                 blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim = rdesc->size_in_wim;
266         }
267         blob->out_reshdr.flags = rdesc->flags;
268 }
269
270
271 /* Write the header for a blob in a pipable WIM.  */
272 static int
273 write_pwm_blob_header(const struct blob_descriptor *blob,
274                       struct filedes *out_fd, bool compressed)
275 {
276         struct pwm_blob_hdr blob_hdr;
277         u32 reshdr_flags;
278         int ret;
279
280         wimlib_assert(!blob->unhashed);
281
282         blob_hdr.magic = cpu_to_le64(PWM_BLOB_MAGIC);
283         blob_hdr.uncompressed_size = cpu_to_le64(blob->size);
284         copy_hash(blob_hdr.hash, blob->hash);
285         reshdr_flags = reshdr_flags_for_blob(blob);
286         if (compressed)
287                 reshdr_flags |= WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
288         blob_hdr.flags = cpu_to_le32(reshdr_flags);
289         ret = full_write(out_fd, &blob_hdr, sizeof(blob_hdr));
290         if (ret)
291                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing blob header to WIM file");
292         return ret;
293 }
294
295 struct write_blobs_progress_data {
296         wimlib_progress_func_t progfunc;
297         void *progctx;
298         union wimlib_progress_info progress;
299         u64 next_progress;
300 };
301
302 static int
303 do_write_blobs_progress(struct write_blobs_progress_data *progress_data,
304                         u64 complete_size, u32 complete_count, bool discarded)
305 {
306         union wimlib_progress_info *progress = &progress_data->progress;
307         int ret;
308
309         if (discarded) {
310                 progress->write_streams.total_bytes -= complete_size;
311                 progress->write_streams.total_streams -= complete_count;
312                 if (progress_data->next_progress != ~(u64)0 &&
313                     progress_data->next_progress > progress->write_streams.total_bytes)
314                 {
315                         progress_data->next_progress = progress->write_streams.total_bytes;
316                 }
317         } else {
318                 progress->write_streams.completed_bytes += complete_size;
319                 progress->write_streams.completed_streams += complete_count;
320         }
321
322         if (progress->write_streams.completed_bytes >= progress_data->next_progress) {
323
324                 ret = call_progress(progress_data->progfunc,
325                                     WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS,
326                                     progress,
327                                     progress_data->progctx);
328                 if (ret)
329                         return ret;
330
331                 set_next_progress(progress->write_streams.completed_bytes,
332                                   progress->write_streams.total_bytes,
333                                   &progress_data->next_progress);
334         }
335         return 0;
336 }
337
338 struct write_blobs_ctx {
339         /* File descriptor to which the blobs are being written.  */
340         struct filedes *out_fd;
341
342         /* Blob table for the WIMStruct on whose behalf the blobs are being
343          * written.  */
344         struct blob_table *blob_table;
345
346         /* Compression format to use.  */
347         int out_ctype;
348
349         /* Maximum uncompressed chunk size in compressed resources to use.  */
350         u32 out_chunk_size;
351
352         /* Flags that affect how the blobs will be written.  */
353         int write_resource_flags;
354
355         /* Data used for issuing WRITE_STREAMS progress.  */
356         struct write_blobs_progress_data progress_data;
357
358         struct filter_context *filter_ctx;
359
360         /* Pointer to the chunk_compressor implementation being used for
361          * compressing chunks of data, or NULL if chunks are being written
362          * uncompressed.  */
363         struct chunk_compressor *compressor;
364
365         /* A buffer of size @out_chunk_size that has been loaned out from the
366          * chunk compressor and is currently being filled with the uncompressed
367          * data of the next chunk.  */
368         u8 *cur_chunk_buf;
369
370         /* Number of bytes in @cur_chunk_buf that are currently filled.  */
371         size_t cur_chunk_buf_filled;
372
373         /* List of blobs that currently have chunks being compressed.  */
374         struct list_head blobs_being_compressed;
375
376         /* List of blobs in the solid resource.  Blobs are moved here after
377          * @blobs_being_compressed only when writing a solid resource.  */
378         struct list_head blobs_in_solid_resource;
379
380         /* Current uncompressed offset in the blob being written.  */
381         u64 cur_write_blob_offset;
382
383         /* Uncompressed size of resource currently being written.  */
384         u64 cur_write_res_size;
385
386         /* Array that is filled in with compressed chunk sizes as a resource is
387          * being written.  */
388         u64 *chunk_csizes;
389
390         /* Index of next entry in @chunk_csizes to fill in.  */
391         size_t chunk_index;
392
393         /* Number of entries in @chunk_csizes currently allocated.  */
394         size_t num_alloc_chunks;
395
396         /* Offset in the output file of the start of the chunks of the resource
397          * currently being written.  */
398         u64 chunks_start_offset;
399 };
400
401 /* Reserve space for the chunk table and prepare to accumulate the chunk table
402  * in memory.  */
403 static int
404 begin_chunk_table(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx, u64 res_expected_size)
405 {
406         u64 expected_num_chunks;
407         u64 expected_num_chunk_entries;
408         size_t reserve_size;
409         int ret;
410
411         /* Calculate the number of chunks and chunk entries that should be
412          * needed for the resource.  These normally will be the final values,
413          * but in SOLID mode some of the blobs we're planning to write into the
414          * resource may be duplicates, and therefore discarded, potentially
415          * decreasing the number of chunk entries needed.  */
416         expected_num_chunks = DIV_ROUND_UP(res_expected_size, ctx->out_chunk_size);
417         expected_num_chunk_entries = expected_num_chunks;
418         if (!(ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID))
419                 expected_num_chunk_entries--;
420
421         /* Make sure the chunk_csizes array is long enough to store the
422          * compressed size of each chunk.  */
423         if (expected_num_chunks > ctx->num_alloc_chunks) {
424                 u64 new_length = expected_num_chunks + 50;
425
426                 if ((size_t)new_length != new_length) {
427                         ERROR("Resource size too large (%"PRIu64" bytes!",
428                               res_expected_size);
429                         return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
430                 }
431
432                 FREE(ctx->chunk_csizes);
433                 ctx->chunk_csizes = MALLOC(new_length * sizeof(ctx->chunk_csizes[0]));
434                 if (ctx->chunk_csizes == NULL) {
435                         ctx->num_alloc_chunks = 0;
436                         return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
437                 }
438                 ctx->num_alloc_chunks = new_length;
439         }
440
441         ctx->chunk_index = 0;
442
443         if (!(ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE)) {
444                 /* Reserve space for the chunk table in the output file.  In the
445                  * case of solid resources this reserves the upper bound for the
446                  * needed space, not necessarily the exact space which will
447                  * prove to be needed.  At this point, we just use @chunk_csizes
448                  * for a buffer of 0's because the actual compressed chunk sizes
449                  * are unknown.  */
450                 reserve_size = expected_num_chunk_entries *
451                                get_chunk_entry_size(res_expected_size,
452                                                     0 != (ctx->write_resource_flags &
453                                                           WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID));
454                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID)
455                         reserve_size += sizeof(struct alt_chunk_table_header_disk);
456                 memset(ctx->chunk_csizes, 0, reserve_size);
457                 ret = full_write(ctx->out_fd, ctx->chunk_csizes, reserve_size);
458                 if (ret) {
459                         ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reserving space for chunk "
460                                          "table in WIM file");
461                         return ret;
462                 }
463         }
464         return 0;
465 }
466
467 static int
468 begin_write_resource(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx, u64 res_expected_size)
469 {
470         int ret;
471
472         wimlib_assert(res_expected_size != 0);
473
474         if (ctx->compressor != NULL) {
475                 ret = begin_chunk_table(ctx, res_expected_size);
476                 if (ret)
477                         return ret;
478         }
479
480         /* Output file descriptor is now positioned at the offset at which to
481          * write the first chunk of the resource.  */
482         ctx->chunks_start_offset = ctx->out_fd->offset;
483         ctx->cur_write_blob_offset = 0;
484         ctx->cur_write_res_size = res_expected_size;
485         return 0;
486 }
487
488 static int
489 end_chunk_table(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx, u64 res_actual_size,
490                 u64 *res_start_offset_ret, u64 *res_store_size_ret)
491 {
492         size_t actual_num_chunks;
493         size_t actual_num_chunk_entries;
494         size_t chunk_entry_size;
495         int ret;
496
497         actual_num_chunks = ctx->chunk_index;
498         actual_num_chunk_entries = actual_num_chunks;
499         if (!(ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID))
500                 actual_num_chunk_entries--;
501
502         chunk_entry_size = get_chunk_entry_size(res_actual_size,
503                                                 0 != (ctx->write_resource_flags &
504                                                       WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID));
505
506         typedef le64 _may_alias_attribute aliased_le64_t;
507         typedef le32 _may_alias_attribute aliased_le32_t;
508
509         if (chunk_entry_size == 4) {
510                 aliased_le32_t *entries = (aliased_le32_t*)ctx->chunk_csizes;
511
512                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
513                         for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_num_chunk_entries; i++)
514                                 entries[i] = cpu_to_le32(ctx->chunk_csizes[i]);
515                 } else {
516                         u32 offset = ctx->chunk_csizes[0];
517                         for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_num_chunk_entries; i++) {
518                                 u32 next_size = ctx->chunk_csizes[i + 1];
519                                 entries[i] = cpu_to_le32(offset);
520                                 offset += next_size;
521                         }
522                 }
523         } else {
524                 aliased_le64_t *entries = (aliased_le64_t*)ctx->chunk_csizes;
525
526                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
527                         for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_num_chunk_entries; i++)
528                                 entries[i] = cpu_to_le64(ctx->chunk_csizes[i]);
529                 } else {
530                         u64 offset = ctx->chunk_csizes[0];
531                         for (size_t i = 0; i < actual_num_chunk_entries; i++) {
532                                 u64 next_size = ctx->chunk_csizes[i + 1];
533                                 entries[i] = cpu_to_le64(offset);
534                                 offset += next_size;
535                         }
536                 }
537         }
538
539         size_t chunk_table_size = actual_num_chunk_entries * chunk_entry_size;
540         u64 res_start_offset;
541         u64 res_end_offset;
542
543         if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE) {
544                 ret = full_write(ctx->out_fd, ctx->chunk_csizes, chunk_table_size);
545                 if (ret)
546                         goto write_error;
547                 res_end_offset = ctx->out_fd->offset;
548                 res_start_offset = ctx->chunks_start_offset;
549         } else {
550                 res_end_offset = ctx->out_fd->offset;
551
552                 u64 chunk_table_offset;
553
554                 chunk_table_offset = ctx->chunks_start_offset - chunk_table_size;
555
556                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
557                         struct alt_chunk_table_header_disk hdr;
558
559                         hdr.res_usize = cpu_to_le64(res_actual_size);
560                         hdr.chunk_size = cpu_to_le32(ctx->out_chunk_size);
561                         hdr.compression_format = cpu_to_le32(ctx->out_ctype);
562
563                         STATIC_ASSERT(WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_XPRESS == 1);
564                         STATIC_ASSERT(WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX == 2);
565                         STATIC_ASSERT(WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZMS == 3);
566
567                         ret = full_pwrite(ctx->out_fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr),
568                                           chunk_table_offset - sizeof(hdr));
569                         if (ret)
570                                 goto write_error;
571                         res_start_offset = chunk_table_offset - sizeof(hdr);
572                 } else {
573                         res_start_offset = chunk_table_offset;
574                 }
575
576                 ret = full_pwrite(ctx->out_fd, ctx->chunk_csizes,
577                                   chunk_table_size, chunk_table_offset);
578                 if (ret)
579                         goto write_error;
580         }
581
582         *res_start_offset_ret = res_start_offset;
583         *res_store_size_ret = res_end_offset - res_start_offset;
584
585         return 0;
586
587 write_error:
588         ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing chunk table to WIM file");
589         return ret;
590 }
591
592 /* Finish writing a WIM resource by writing or updating the chunk table (if not
593  * writing the data uncompressed) and loading its metadata into @out_reshdr.  */
594 static int
595 end_write_resource(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx, struct wim_reshdr *out_reshdr)
596 {
597         int ret;
598         u64 res_size_in_wim;
599         u64 res_uncompressed_size;
600         u64 res_offset_in_wim;
601
602         wimlib_assert(ctx->cur_write_blob_offset == ctx->cur_write_res_size ||
603                       (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID));
604         res_uncompressed_size = ctx->cur_write_res_size;
605
606         if (ctx->compressor) {
607                 ret = end_chunk_table(ctx, res_uncompressed_size,
608                                       &res_offset_in_wim, &res_size_in_wim);
609                 if (ret)
610                         return ret;
611         } else {
612                 res_offset_in_wim = ctx->chunks_start_offset;
613                 res_size_in_wim = ctx->out_fd->offset - res_offset_in_wim;
614         }
615         out_reshdr->uncompressed_size = res_uncompressed_size;
616         out_reshdr->size_in_wim = res_size_in_wim;
617         out_reshdr->offset_in_wim = res_offset_in_wim;
618         return 0;
619 }
620
621 /* Call when no more data from the file at @path is needed.  */
622 static int
623 done_with_file(const tchar *path, wimlib_progress_func_t progfunc, void *progctx)
624 {
625         union wimlib_progress_info info;
626
627         info.done_with_file.path_to_file = path;
628
629         return call_progress(progfunc, WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_DONE_WITH_FILE,
630                              &info, progctx);
631 }
632
633 static int
634 do_done_with_blob(struct blob_descriptor *blob,
635                   wimlib_progress_func_t progfunc, void *progctx)
636 {
637         int ret;
638         struct wim_inode *inode;
639         const tchar *path;
640         tchar *cookie1;
641         tchar *cookie2;
642
643         if (!blob->may_send_done_with_file)
644                 return 0;
645
646         inode = blob->file_inode;
647
648         wimlib_assert(inode != NULL);
649         wimlib_assert(inode->i_num_remaining_streams > 0);
650         if (--inode->i_num_remaining_streams > 0)
651                 return 0;
652
653         path = blob_file_path(blob);
654
655         cookie1 = progress_get_streamless_path(path);
656         cookie2 = progress_get_win32_path(path);
657
658         ret = done_with_file(path, progfunc, progctx);
659
660         progress_put_win32_path(cookie2);
661         progress_put_streamless_path(cookie1);
662
663         return ret;
664 }
665
666 /* Handle WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE_MESSAGES mode.  */
667 static inline int
668 done_with_blob(struct blob_descriptor *blob, struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx)
669 {
670         if (likely(!(ctx->write_resource_flags &
671                      WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE)))
672                 return 0;
673         return do_done_with_blob(blob, ctx->progress_data.progfunc,
674                                  ctx->progress_data.progctx);
675 }
676
677 /* Begin processing a blob for writing.  */
678 static int
679 write_blob_begin_read(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_ctx)
680 {
681         struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
682         int ret;
683
684         wimlib_assert(blob->size > 0);
685
686         /* As an optimization, we allow some blobs to be "unhashed", meaning
687          * their SHA-1 message digests are unknown.  This is the case with blobs
688          * that are added by scanning a directory tree with wimlib_add_image(),
689          * for example.  Since WIM uses single-instance blobs, we don't know
690          * whether such each such blob really need to written until it is
691          * actually checksummed, unless it has a unique size.  In such cases we
692          * read and checksum the blob in this function, thereby advancing ahead
693          * of read_blob_list(), which will still provide the data again to
694          * write_blob_process_chunk().  This is okay because an unhashed blob
695          * cannot be in a WIM resource, which might be costly to decompress.  */
696         if (ctx->blob_table != NULL && blob->unhashed && !blob->unique_size) {
697
698                 struct blob_descriptor *new_blob;
699
700                 ret = hash_unhashed_blob(blob, ctx->blob_table, &new_blob);
701                 if (ret)
702                         return ret;
703                 if (new_blob != blob) {
704                         /* Duplicate blob detected.  */
705
706                         if (new_blob->will_be_in_output_wim ||
707                             blob_filtered(new_blob, ctx->filter_ctx))
708                         {
709                                 /* The duplicate blob is already being included
710                                  * in the output WIM, or it would be filtered
711                                  * out if it had been.  Skip writing this blob
712                                  * (and reading it again) entirely, passing its
713                                  * output reference count to the duplicate blob
714                                  * in the former case.  */
715                                 ret = do_write_blobs_progress(&ctx->progress_data,
716                                                               blob->size, 1, true);
717                                 list_del(&blob->write_blobs_list);
718                                 list_del(&blob->blob_table_list);
719                                 if (new_blob->will_be_in_output_wim)
720                                         new_blob->out_refcnt += blob->out_refcnt;
721                                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID)
722                                         ctx->cur_write_res_size -= blob->size;
723                                 if (!ret)
724                                         ret = done_with_blob(blob, ctx);
725                                 free_blob_descriptor(blob);
726                                 if (ret)
727                                         return ret;
728                                 return BEGIN_BLOB_STATUS_SKIP_BLOB;
729                         } else {
730                                 /* The duplicate blob can validly be written,
731                                  * but was not marked as such.  Discard the
732                                  * current blob descriptor and use the
733                                  * duplicate, but actually freeing the current
734                                  * blob descriptor must wait until
735                                  * read_blob_list() has finished reading its
736                                  * data.  */
737                                 list_replace(&blob->write_blobs_list,
738                                              &new_blob->write_blobs_list);
739                                 list_replace(&blob->blob_table_list,
740                                              &new_blob->blob_table_list);
741                                 blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 0;
742                                 new_blob->out_refcnt = blob->out_refcnt;
743                                 new_blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 1;
744                                 new_blob->may_send_done_with_file = 0;
745                                 blob = new_blob;
746                         }
747                 }
748         }
749         list_move_tail(&blob->write_blobs_list, &ctx->blobs_being_compressed);
750         return 0;
751 }
752
753 /* Rewrite a blob that was just written compressed (as a non-solid WIM resource)
754  * as uncompressed instead.  */
755 static int
756 write_blob_uncompressed(struct blob_descriptor *blob, struct filedes *out_fd)
757 {
758         int ret;
759         u64 begin_offset = blob->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim;
760         u64 end_offset = out_fd->offset;
761
762         if (filedes_seek(out_fd, begin_offset) == -1)
763                 return 0;
764
765         ret = extract_blob_to_fd(blob, out_fd);
766         if (ret) {
767                 /* Error reading the uncompressed data.  */
768                 if (out_fd->offset == begin_offset &&
769                     filedes_seek(out_fd, end_offset) != -1)
770                 {
771                         /* Nothing was actually written yet, and we successfully
772                          * seeked to the end of the compressed resource, so
773                          * don't issue a hard error; just keep the compressed
774                          * resource instead.  */
775                         WARNING("Recovered compressed resource of "
776                                 "size %"PRIu64", continuing on.", blob->size);
777                         return 0;
778                 }
779                 return ret;
780         }
781
782         wimlib_assert(out_fd->offset - begin_offset == blob->size);
783
784         /* We could ftruncate() the file to 'out_fd->offset' here, but there
785          * isn't much point.  Usually we will only be truncating by a few bytes
786          * and will just overwrite the data immediately.  */
787
788         blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim = blob->size;
789         blob->out_reshdr.flags &= ~(WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED |
790                                     WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID);
791         return 0;
792 }
793
794 /* Returns true if the specified blob, which was written as a non-solid
795  * resource, should be truncated from the WIM file and re-written uncompressed.
796  * blob->out_reshdr must be filled in from the initial write of the blob.  */
797 static bool
798 should_rewrite_blob_uncompressed(const struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx,
799                                  const struct blob_descriptor *blob)
800 {
801         /* If the compressed data is smaller than the uncompressed data, prefer
802          * the compressed data.  */
803         if (blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim < blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size)
804                 return false;
805
806         /* If we're not actually writing compressed data, then there's no need
807          * for re-writing.  */
808         if (!ctx->compressor)
809                 return false;
810
811         /* If writing a pipable WIM, everything we write to the output is final
812          * (it might actually be a pipe!).  */
813         if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE)
814                 return false;
815
816         /* If the blob that would need to be re-read is located in a solid
817          * resource in another WIM file, then re-reading it would be costly.  So
818          * don't do it.
819          *
820          * Exception: if the compressed size happens to be *exactly* the same as
821          * the uncompressed size, then the blob *must* be written uncompressed
822          * in order to remain compatible with the Windows Overlay Filesystem
823          * filter driver (WOF).
824          *
825          * TODO: we are currently assuming that the optimization for
826          * single-chunk resources in maybe_rewrite_blob_uncompressed() prevents
827          * this case from being triggered too often.  To fully prevent excessive
828          * decompressions in degenerate cases, we really should obtain the
829          * uncompressed data by decompressing the compressed data we wrote to
830          * the output file.
831          */
832         if (blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM &&
833             blob->size != blob->rdesc->uncompressed_size &&
834             blob->size != blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim)
835                 return false;
836
837         return true;
838 }
839
840 static int
841 maybe_rewrite_blob_uncompressed(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx,
842                                 struct blob_descriptor *blob)
843 {
844         if (!should_rewrite_blob_uncompressed(ctx, blob))
845                 return 0;
846
847         /* Regular (non-solid) WIM resources with exactly one chunk and
848          * compressed size equal to uncompressed size are exactly the same as
849          * the corresponding compressed data --- since there must be 0 entries
850          * in the chunk table and the only chunk must be stored uncompressed.
851          * In this case, there's no need to rewrite anything.  */
852         if (ctx->chunk_index == 1 &&
853             blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim == blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size)
854         {
855                 blob->out_reshdr.flags &= ~WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
856                 return 0;
857         }
858
859         return write_blob_uncompressed(blob, ctx->out_fd);
860 }
861
862 /* Write the next chunk of (typically compressed) data to the output WIM,
863  * handling the writing of the chunk table.  */
864 static int
865 write_chunk(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx, const void *cchunk,
866             size_t csize, size_t usize)
867 {
868         int ret;
869         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
870         u32 completed_blob_count;
871         u32 completed_size;
872
873         blob = list_entry(ctx->blobs_being_compressed.next,
874                           struct blob_descriptor, write_blobs_list);
875
876         if (ctx->cur_write_blob_offset == 0 &&
877             !(ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID))
878         {
879                 /* Starting to write a new blob in non-solid mode.  */
880
881                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE) {
882                         ret = write_pwm_blob_header(blob, ctx->out_fd,
883                                                     ctx->compressor != NULL);
884                         if (ret)
885                                 return ret;
886                 }
887
888                 ret = begin_write_resource(ctx, blob->size);
889                 if (ret)
890                         return ret;
891         }
892
893         if (ctx->compressor != NULL) {
894                 /* Record the compresed chunk size.  */
895                 wimlib_assert(ctx->chunk_index < ctx->num_alloc_chunks);
896                 ctx->chunk_csizes[ctx->chunk_index++] = csize;
897
898                /* If writing a pipable WIM, before the chunk data write a chunk
899                 * header that provides the compressed chunk size.  */
900                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE) {
901                         struct pwm_chunk_hdr chunk_hdr = {
902                                 .compressed_size = cpu_to_le32(csize),
903                         };
904                         ret = full_write(ctx->out_fd, &chunk_hdr,
905                                          sizeof(chunk_hdr));
906                         if (ret)
907                                 goto write_error;
908                 }
909         }
910
911         /* Write the chunk data.  */
912         ret = full_write(ctx->out_fd, cchunk, csize);
913         if (ret)
914                 goto write_error;
915
916         ctx->cur_write_blob_offset += usize;
917
918         completed_size = usize;
919         completed_blob_count = 0;
920         if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
921                 /* Wrote chunk in solid mode.  It may have finished multiple
922                  * blobs.  */
923                 struct blob_descriptor *next_blob;
924
925                 while (blob && ctx->cur_write_blob_offset >= blob->size) {
926
927                         ctx->cur_write_blob_offset -= blob->size;
928
929                         if (ctx->cur_write_blob_offset)
930                                 next_blob = list_entry(blob->write_blobs_list.next,
931                                                       struct blob_descriptor,
932                                                       write_blobs_list);
933                         else
934                                 next_blob = NULL;
935
936                         ret = done_with_blob(blob, ctx);
937                         if (ret)
938                                 return ret;
939                         list_move_tail(&blob->write_blobs_list, &ctx->blobs_in_solid_resource);
940                         completed_blob_count++;
941
942                         blob = next_blob;
943                 }
944         } else {
945                 /* Wrote chunk in non-solid mode.  It may have finished a
946                  * blob.  */
947                 if (ctx->cur_write_blob_offset == blob->size) {
948
949                         wimlib_assert(ctx->cur_write_blob_offset ==
950                                       ctx->cur_write_res_size);
951
952                         ret = end_write_resource(ctx, &blob->out_reshdr);
953                         if (ret)
954                                 return ret;
955
956                         blob->out_reshdr.flags = reshdr_flags_for_blob(blob);
957                         if (ctx->compressor != NULL)
958                                 blob->out_reshdr.flags |= WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
959
960                         ret = maybe_rewrite_blob_uncompressed(ctx, blob);
961                         if (ret)
962                                 return ret;
963
964                         wimlib_assert(blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size == blob->size);
965
966                         ctx->cur_write_blob_offset = 0;
967
968                         ret = done_with_blob(blob, ctx);
969                         if (ret)
970                                 return ret;
971                         list_del(&blob->write_blobs_list);
972                         completed_blob_count++;
973                 }
974         }
975
976         return do_write_blobs_progress(&ctx->progress_data, completed_size,
977                                        completed_blob_count, false);
978
979 write_error:
980         ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing chunk data to WIM file");
981         return ret;
982 }
983
984 static int
985 prepare_chunk_buffer(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx)
986 {
987         /* While we are unable to get a new chunk buffer due to too many chunks
988          * already outstanding, retrieve and write the next compressed chunk. */
989         while (!(ctx->cur_chunk_buf =
990                  ctx->compressor->get_chunk_buffer(ctx->compressor)))
991         {
992                 const void *cchunk;
993                 u32 csize;
994                 u32 usize;
995                 bool bret;
996                 int ret;
997
998                 bret = ctx->compressor->get_compression_result(ctx->compressor,
999                                                                &cchunk,
1000                                                                &csize,
1001                                                                &usize);
1002                 wimlib_assert(bret);
1003
1004                 ret = write_chunk(ctx, cchunk, csize, usize);
1005                 if (ret)
1006                         return ret;
1007         }
1008         return 0;
1009 }
1010
1011 /* Process the next chunk of data to be written to a WIM resource.  */
1012 static int
1013 write_blob_process_chunk(const struct blob_descriptor *blob, u64 offset,
1014                          const void *chunk, size_t size, void *_ctx)
1015 {
1016         struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1017         int ret;
1018         const u8 *chunkptr, *chunkend;
1019
1020         wimlib_assert(size != 0);
1021
1022         if (ctx->compressor == NULL) {
1023                 /* Write chunk uncompressed.  */
1024                  ret = write_chunk(ctx, chunk, size, size);
1025                  if (ret)
1026                          return ret;
1027                  return 0;
1028         }
1029
1030         /* Submit the chunk for compression, but take into account that the
1031          * @size the chunk was provided in may not correspond to the
1032          * @out_chunk_size being used for compression.  */
1033         chunkptr = chunk;
1034         chunkend = chunkptr + size;
1035         do {
1036                 size_t needed_chunk_size;
1037                 size_t bytes_consumed;
1038
1039                 if (!ctx->cur_chunk_buf) {
1040                         ret = prepare_chunk_buffer(ctx);
1041                         if (ret)
1042                                 return ret;
1043                 }
1044
1045                 if (ctx->write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
1046                         needed_chunk_size = ctx->out_chunk_size;
1047                 } else {
1048                         needed_chunk_size = min(ctx->out_chunk_size,
1049                                                 ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled +
1050                                                         (blob->size - offset));
1051                 }
1052
1053                 bytes_consumed = min(chunkend - chunkptr,
1054                                      needed_chunk_size - ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled);
1055
1056                 memcpy(&ctx->cur_chunk_buf[ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled],
1057                        chunkptr, bytes_consumed);
1058
1059                 chunkptr += bytes_consumed;
1060                 offset += bytes_consumed;
1061                 ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled += bytes_consumed;
1062
1063                 if (ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled == needed_chunk_size) {
1064                         ctx->compressor->signal_chunk_filled(ctx->compressor,
1065                                                              ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled);
1066                         ctx->cur_chunk_buf = NULL;
1067                         ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled = 0;
1068                 }
1069         } while (chunkptr != chunkend);
1070         return 0;
1071 }
1072
1073 /* Finish processing a blob for writing.  It may not have been completely
1074  * written yet, as the chunk_compressor implementation may still have chunks
1075  * buffered or being compressed.  */
1076 static int
1077 write_blob_end_read(struct blob_descriptor *blob, int status, void *_ctx)
1078 {
1079         struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1080
1081         if (!blob->will_be_in_output_wim) {
1082                 /* The blob was a duplicate.  Now that its data has finished
1083                  * being read, it is being discarded in favor of the duplicate
1084                  * entry.  It therefore is no longer needed, and we can fire the
1085                  * DONE_WITH_FILE callback because the file will not be read
1086                  * again.
1087                  *
1088                  * Note: we can't yet fire DONE_WITH_FILE for non-duplicate
1089                  * blobs, since it needs to be possible to re-read the file if
1090                  * it does not compress to less than its original size.  */
1091                 if (!status)
1092                         status = done_with_blob(blob, ctx);
1093                 free_blob_descriptor(blob);
1094         } else if (!status && blob->unhashed && ctx->blob_table != NULL) {
1095                 /* The blob was not a duplicate and was previously unhashed.
1096                  * Since we passed COMPUTE_MISSING_BLOB_HASHES to
1097                  * read_blob_list(), blob->hash is now computed and valid.  So
1098                  * turn this blob into a "hashed" blob.  */
1099                 list_del(&blob->unhashed_list);
1100                 blob_table_insert(ctx->blob_table, blob);
1101                 blob->unhashed = 0;
1102         }
1103         return status;
1104 }
1105
1106 /*
1107  * Compute statistics about a list of blobs that will be written.
1108  *
1109  * Assumes the blobs are sorted such that all blobs located in each distinct WIM
1110  * (specified by WIMStruct) are together.
1111  *
1112  * For compactions, also verify that there are no overlapping resources.  This
1113  * really should be checked earlier, but for now it's easiest to check here.
1114  */
1115 static int
1116 compute_blob_list_stats(struct list_head *blob_list,
1117                         struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx)
1118 {
1119         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1120         u64 total_bytes = 0;
1121         u64 num_blobs = 0;
1122         u64 total_parts = 0;
1123         WIMStruct *prev_wim_part = NULL;
1124         const struct wim_resource_descriptor *prev_rdesc = NULL;
1125
1126         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
1127                 num_blobs++;
1128                 total_bytes += blob->size;
1129                 if (blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM) {
1130                         const struct wim_resource_descriptor *rdesc = blob->rdesc;
1131                         WIMStruct *wim = rdesc->wim;
1132
1133                         if (prev_wim_part != wim) {
1134                                 prev_wim_part = wim;
1135                                 total_parts++;
1136                         }
1137                         if (unlikely(wim->being_compacted) && rdesc != prev_rdesc) {
1138                                 if (prev_rdesc != NULL &&
1139                                     rdesc->offset_in_wim <
1140                                                 prev_rdesc->offset_in_wim +
1141                                                 prev_rdesc->size_in_wim)
1142                                 {
1143                                         WARNING("WIM file contains overlapping "
1144                                                 "resources!  Compaction is not "
1145                                                 "possible.");
1146                                         return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
1147                                 }
1148                                 prev_rdesc = rdesc;
1149                         }
1150                 }
1151         }
1152         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.total_bytes       = total_bytes;
1153         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.total_streams     = num_blobs;
1154         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.completed_bytes   = 0;
1155         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.completed_streams = 0;
1156         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.compression_type  = ctx->out_ctype;
1157         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.total_parts       = total_parts;
1158         ctx->progress_data.progress.write_streams.completed_parts   = 0;
1159         ctx->progress_data.next_progress = 0;
1160         return 0;
1161 }
1162
1163 /* Find blobs in @blob_list that can be copied to the output WIM in raw form
1164  * rather than compressed.  Delete these blobs from @blob_list and move them to
1165  * @raw_copy_blobs.  Return the total uncompressed size of the blobs that need
1166  * to be compressed.  */
1167 static u64
1168 find_raw_copy_blobs(struct list_head *blob_list, int write_resource_flags,
1169                     int out_ctype, u32 out_chunk_size,
1170                     struct list_head *raw_copy_blobs)
1171 {
1172         struct blob_descriptor *blob, *tmp;
1173         u64 num_nonraw_bytes = 0;
1174
1175         INIT_LIST_HEAD(raw_copy_blobs);
1176
1177         /* Initialize temporary raw_copy_ok flag.  */
1178         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list)
1179                 if (blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM)
1180                         blob->rdesc->raw_copy_ok = 0;
1181
1182         list_for_each_entry_safe(blob, tmp, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
1183                 if (can_raw_copy(blob, write_resource_flags,
1184                                  out_ctype, out_chunk_size))
1185                 {
1186                         blob->rdesc->raw_copy_ok = 1;
1187                         list_move_tail(&blob->write_blobs_list, raw_copy_blobs);
1188                 } else {
1189                         num_nonraw_bytes += blob->size;
1190                 }
1191         }
1192
1193         return num_nonraw_bytes;
1194 }
1195
1196 /* Copy a raw compressed resource located in another WIM file to the WIM file
1197  * being written.  */
1198 static int
1199 write_raw_copy_resource(struct wim_resource_descriptor *in_rdesc,
1200                         struct filedes *out_fd)
1201 {
1202         u64 cur_read_offset;
1203         u64 end_read_offset;
1204         u8 buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
1205         size_t bytes_to_read;
1206         int ret;
1207         struct filedes *in_fd;
1208         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1209         u64 out_offset_in_wim;
1210
1211         /* Copy the raw data.  */
1212         cur_read_offset = in_rdesc->offset_in_wim;
1213         end_read_offset = cur_read_offset + in_rdesc->size_in_wim;
1214
1215         out_offset_in_wim = out_fd->offset;
1216
1217         if (in_rdesc->is_pipable) {
1218                 if (cur_read_offset < sizeof(struct pwm_blob_hdr))
1219                         return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PIPABLE_WIM;
1220                 cur_read_offset -= sizeof(struct pwm_blob_hdr);
1221                 out_offset_in_wim += sizeof(struct pwm_blob_hdr);
1222         }
1223         in_fd = &in_rdesc->wim->in_fd;
1224         wimlib_assert(cur_read_offset != end_read_offset);
1225
1226         if (likely(!in_rdesc->wim->being_compacted) ||
1227             in_rdesc->offset_in_wim > out_fd->offset) {
1228                 do {
1229                         bytes_to_read = min(sizeof(buf),
1230                                             end_read_offset - cur_read_offset);
1231
1232                         ret = full_pread(in_fd, buf, bytes_to_read,
1233                                          cur_read_offset);
1234                         if (ret) {
1235                                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error reading raw data "
1236                                                  "from WIM file");
1237                                 return ret;
1238                         }
1239
1240                         ret = full_write(out_fd, buf, bytes_to_read);
1241                         if (ret) {
1242                                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing raw data "
1243                                                  "to WIM file");
1244                                 return ret;
1245                         }
1246
1247                         cur_read_offset += bytes_to_read;
1248
1249                 } while (cur_read_offset != end_read_offset);
1250         } else {
1251                 /* Optimization: the WIM file is being compacted and the
1252                  * resource being written is already in the desired location.
1253                  * Skip over the data instead of re-writing it.  */
1254
1255                 /* Due the earlier check for overlapping resources, it should
1256                  * never be the case that we already overwrote the resource.  */
1257                 wimlib_assert(!(in_rdesc->offset_in_wim < out_fd->offset));
1258
1259                 if (-1 == filedes_seek(out_fd, out_fd->offset + in_rdesc->size_in_wim))
1260                         return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1261         }
1262
1263         list_for_each_entry(blob, &in_rdesc->blob_list, rdesc_node) {
1264                 if (blob->will_be_in_output_wim) {
1265                         blob_set_out_reshdr_for_reuse(blob);
1266                         if (in_rdesc->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID)
1267                                 blob->out_res_offset_in_wim = out_offset_in_wim;
1268                         else
1269                                 blob->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim = out_offset_in_wim;
1270
1271                 }
1272         }
1273         return 0;
1274 }
1275
1276 /* Copy a list of raw compressed resources located in other WIM file(s) to the
1277  * WIM file being written.  */
1278 static int
1279 write_raw_copy_resources(struct list_head *raw_copy_blobs,
1280                          struct filedes *out_fd,
1281                          struct write_blobs_progress_data *progress_data)
1282 {
1283         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1284         int ret;
1285
1286         list_for_each_entry(blob, raw_copy_blobs, write_blobs_list)
1287                 blob->rdesc->raw_copy_ok = 1;
1288
1289         list_for_each_entry(blob, raw_copy_blobs, write_blobs_list) {
1290                 if (blob->rdesc->raw_copy_ok) {
1291                         /* Write each solid resource only one time.  */
1292                         ret = write_raw_copy_resource(blob->rdesc, out_fd);
1293                         if (ret)
1294                                 return ret;
1295                         blob->rdesc->raw_copy_ok = 0;
1296                 }
1297                 ret = do_write_blobs_progress(progress_data, blob->size,
1298                                               1, false);
1299                 if (ret)
1300                         return ret;
1301         }
1302         return 0;
1303 }
1304
1305 /* Wait for and write all chunks pending in the compressor.  */
1306 static int
1307 finish_remaining_chunks(struct write_blobs_ctx *ctx)
1308 {
1309         const void *cdata;
1310         u32 csize;
1311         u32 usize;
1312         int ret;
1313
1314         if (ctx->compressor == NULL)
1315                 return 0;
1316
1317         if (ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled != 0) {
1318                 ctx->compressor->signal_chunk_filled(ctx->compressor,
1319                                                      ctx->cur_chunk_buf_filled);
1320         }
1321
1322         while (ctx->compressor->get_compression_result(ctx->compressor, &cdata,
1323                                                        &csize, &usize))
1324         {
1325                 ret = write_chunk(ctx, cdata, csize, usize);
1326                 if (ret)
1327                         return ret;
1328         }
1329         return 0;
1330 }
1331
1332 static void
1333 validate_blob_list(struct list_head *blob_list)
1334 {
1335         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1336
1337         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
1338                 wimlib_assert(blob->will_be_in_output_wim);
1339                 wimlib_assert(blob->size != 0);
1340         }
1341 }
1342
1343 static void
1344 init_done_with_file_info(struct list_head *blob_list)
1345 {
1346         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1347
1348         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
1349                 if (blob_is_in_file(blob)) {
1350                         blob->file_inode->i_num_remaining_streams = 0;
1351                         blob->may_send_done_with_file = 1;
1352                 } else {
1353                         blob->may_send_done_with_file = 0;
1354                 }
1355         }
1356
1357         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list)
1358                 if (blob->may_send_done_with_file)
1359                         blob->file_inode->i_num_remaining_streams++;
1360 }
1361
1362 /*
1363  * Write a list of blobs to the output WIM file.
1364  *
1365  * @blob_list
1366  *      The list of blobs to write, specified by a list of 'struct blob_descriptor' linked
1367  *      by the 'write_blobs_list' member.
1368  *
1369  * @out_fd
1370  *      The file descriptor, opened for writing, to which to write the blobs.
1371  *
1372  * @write_resource_flags
1373  *      Flags to modify how the blobs are written:
1374  *
1375  *      WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS:
1376  *              Force compression of all resources, even if they could otherwise
1377  *              be re-used by copying the raw data, due to being located in a WIM
1378  *              file with compatible compression parameters.
1379  *
1380  *      WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE:
1381  *              Write the resources in the wimlib-specific pipable format, and
1382  *              furthermore do so in such a way that no seeking backwards in
1383  *              @out_fd will be performed (so it may be a pipe).
1384  *
1385  *      WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID:
1386  *              Combine all the blobs into a single resource rather than writing
1387  *              them in separate resources.  This flag is only valid if the WIM
1388  *              version number has been, or will be, set to WIM_VERSION_SOLID.
1389  *              This flag may not be combined with WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE.
1390  *
1391  * @out_ctype
1392  *      Compression format to use in the output resources, specified as one of
1393  *      the WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_* constants.  WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE
1394  *      is allowed.
1395  *
1396  * @out_chunk_size
1397  *      Compression chunk size to use in the output resources.  It must be a
1398  *      valid chunk size for the specified compression format @out_ctype, unless
1399  *      @out_ctype is WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE, in which case this parameter
1400  *      is ignored.
1401  *
1402  * @num_threads
1403  *      Number of threads to use to compress data.  If 0, a default number of
1404  *      threads will be chosen.  The number of threads still may be decreased
1405  *      from the specified value if insufficient memory is detected.
1406  *
1407  * @blob_table
1408  *      If on-the-fly deduplication of unhashed blobs is desired, this parameter
1409  *      must be pointer to the blob table for the WIMStruct on whose behalf the
1410  *      blobs are being written.  Otherwise, this parameter can be NULL.
1411  *
1412  * @filter_ctx
1413  *      If on-the-fly deduplication of unhashed blobs is desired, this parameter
1414  *      can be a pointer to a context for blob filtering used to detect whether
1415  *      the duplicate blob has been hard-filtered or not.  If no blobs are
1416  *      hard-filtered or no blobs are unhashed, this parameter can be NULL.
1417  *
1418  * This function will write the blobs in @blob_list to resources in
1419  * consecutive positions in the output WIM file, or to a single solid resource
1420  * if WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID was specified in @write_resource_flags.  In both
1421  * cases, the @out_reshdr of the `struct blob_descriptor' for each blob written will be
1422  * updated to specify its location, size, and flags in the output WIM.  In the
1423  * solid resource case, WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID will be set in the @flags field of
1424  * each @out_reshdr, and furthermore @out_res_offset_in_wim and
1425  * @out_res_size_in_wim of each @out_reshdr will be set to the offset and size,
1426  * respectively, in the output WIM of the solid resource containing the
1427  * corresponding blob.
1428  *
1429  * Each of the blobs to write may be in any location supported by the
1430  * resource-handling code (specifically, read_blob_list()), such as the contents
1431  * of external file that has been logically added to the output WIM, or a blob
1432  * in another WIM file that has been imported, or even a blob in the "same" WIM
1433  * file of which a modified copy is being written.  In the case that a blob is
1434  * already in a WIM file and uses compatible compression parameters, by default
1435  * this function will re-use the raw data instead of decompressing it, then
1436  * recompressing it; however, with WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS
1437  * specified in @write_resource_flags, this is not done.
1438  *
1439  * As a further requirement, this function requires that the
1440  * @will_be_in_output_wim member be set to 1 on all blobs in @blob_list as well
1441  * as any other blobs not in @blob_list that will be in the output WIM file, but
1442  * set to 0 on any other blobs in the output WIM's blob table or sharing a solid
1443  * resource with a blob in @blob_list.  Still furthermore, if on-the-fly
1444  * deduplication of blobs is possible, then all blobs in @blob_list must also be
1445  * linked by @blob_table_list along with any other blobs that have
1446  * @will_be_in_output_wim set.
1447  *
1448  * This function handles on-the-fly deduplication of blobs for which SHA-1
1449  * message digests have not yet been calculated.  Such blobs may or may not need
1450  * to be written.  If @blob_table is non-NULL, then each blob in @blob_list that
1451  * has @unhashed set but not @unique_size set is checksummed immediately before
1452  * it would otherwise be read for writing in order to determine if it is
1453  * identical to another blob already being written or one that would be filtered
1454  * out of the output WIM using blob_filtered() with the context @filter_ctx.
1455  * Each such duplicate blob will be removed from @blob_list, its reference count
1456  * transferred to the pre-existing duplicate blob, its memory freed, and will
1457  * not be written.  Alternatively, if a blob in @blob_list is a duplicate with
1458  * any blob in @blob_table that has not been marked for writing or would not be
1459  * hard-filtered, it is freed and the pre-existing duplicate is written instead,
1460  * taking ownership of the reference count and slot in the @blob_table_list.
1461  *
1462  * Returns 0 if every blob was either written successfully or did not need to be
1463  * written; otherwise returns a non-zero error code.
1464  */
1465 static int
1466 write_blob_list(struct list_head *blob_list,
1467                 struct filedes *out_fd,
1468                 int write_resource_flags,
1469                 int out_ctype,
1470                 u32 out_chunk_size,
1471                 unsigned num_threads,
1472                 struct blob_table *blob_table,
1473                 struct filter_context *filter_ctx,
1474                 wimlib_progress_func_t progfunc,
1475                 void *progctx)
1476 {
1477         int ret;
1478         struct write_blobs_ctx ctx;
1479         struct list_head raw_copy_blobs;
1480         u64 num_nonraw_bytes;
1481
1482         wimlib_assert((write_resource_flags &
1483                        (WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID |
1484                         WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE)) !=
1485                                 (WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID |
1486                                  WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE));
1487
1488         validate_blob_list(blob_list);
1489
1490         if (list_empty(blob_list))
1491                 return 0;
1492
1493         /* If needed, set auxiliary information so that we can detect when the
1494          * library has finished using each external file.  */
1495         if (unlikely(write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SEND_DONE_WITH_FILE))
1496                 init_done_with_file_info(blob_list);
1497
1498         memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof(ctx));
1499
1500         ctx.out_fd = out_fd;
1501         ctx.blob_table = blob_table;
1502         ctx.out_ctype = out_ctype;
1503         ctx.out_chunk_size = out_chunk_size;
1504         ctx.write_resource_flags = write_resource_flags;
1505         ctx.filter_ctx = filter_ctx;
1506
1507         /*
1508          * We normally sort the blobs to write by a "sequential" order that is
1509          * optimized for reading.  But when using solid compression, we instead
1510          * sort the blobs by file extension and file name (when applicable; and
1511          * we don't do this for blobs from solid resources) so that similar
1512          * files are grouped together, which improves the compression ratio.
1513          * This is somewhat of a hack since a blob does not necessarily
1514          * correspond one-to-one with a filename, nor is there any guarantee
1515          * that two files with similar names or extensions are actually similar
1516          * in content.  A potential TODO is to sort the blobs based on some
1517          * measure of similarity of their actual contents.
1518          */
1519
1520         ret = sort_blob_list_by_sequential_order(blob_list,
1521                                                  offsetof(struct blob_descriptor,
1522                                                           write_blobs_list));
1523         if (ret)
1524                 return ret;
1525
1526         ret = compute_blob_list_stats(blob_list, &ctx);
1527         if (ret)
1528                 return ret;
1529
1530         if (write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID_SORT) {
1531                 ret = sort_blob_list_for_solid_compression(blob_list);
1532                 if (unlikely(ret))
1533                         WARNING("Failed to sort blobs for solid compression. Continuing anyways.");
1534         }
1535
1536         ctx.progress_data.progfunc = progfunc;
1537         ctx.progress_data.progctx = progctx;
1538
1539         num_nonraw_bytes = find_raw_copy_blobs(blob_list, write_resource_flags,
1540                                                out_ctype, out_chunk_size,
1541                                                &raw_copy_blobs);
1542
1543         /* Unless no data needs to be compressed, allocate a chunk_compressor to
1544          * do compression.  There are serial and parallel implementations of the
1545          * chunk_compressor interface.  We default to parallel using the
1546          * specified number of threads, unless the upper bound on the number
1547          * bytes needing to be compressed is less than a heuristic value.  */
1548         if (num_nonraw_bytes != 0 && out_ctype != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE) {
1549         #ifdef ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION
1550                 if (num_nonraw_bytes > max(2000000, out_chunk_size)) {
1551                         ret = new_parallel_chunk_compressor(out_ctype,
1552                                                             out_chunk_size,
1553                                                             num_threads, 0,
1554                                                             &ctx.compressor);
1555                         if (ret > 0) {
1556                                 WARNING("Couldn't create parallel chunk compressor: %"TS".\n"
1557                                         "          Falling back to single-threaded compression.",
1558                                         wimlib_get_error_string(ret));
1559                         }
1560                 }
1561         #endif
1562
1563                 if (ctx.compressor == NULL) {
1564                         ret = new_serial_chunk_compressor(out_ctype, out_chunk_size,
1565                                                           &ctx.compressor);
1566                         if (ret)
1567                                 goto out_destroy_context;
1568                 }
1569         }
1570
1571         if (ctx.compressor)
1572                 ctx.progress_data.progress.write_streams.num_threads = ctx.compressor->num_threads;
1573         else
1574                 ctx.progress_data.progress.write_streams.num_threads = 1;
1575
1576         ret = call_progress(ctx.progress_data.progfunc,
1577                             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS,
1578                             &ctx.progress_data.progress,
1579                             ctx.progress_data.progctx);
1580         if (ret)
1581                 goto out_destroy_context;
1582
1583         /* Copy any compressed resources for which the raw data can be reused
1584          * without decompression.  */
1585         ret = write_raw_copy_resources(&raw_copy_blobs, ctx.out_fd,
1586                                        &ctx.progress_data);
1587
1588         if (ret || num_nonraw_bytes == 0)
1589                 goto out_destroy_context;
1590
1591         INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx.blobs_being_compressed);
1592
1593         if (write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
1594
1595                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx.blobs_in_solid_resource);
1596
1597                 ret = begin_write_resource(&ctx, num_nonraw_bytes);
1598                 if (ret)
1599                         goto out_destroy_context;
1600         }
1601
1602         /* Read the list of blobs needing to be compressed, using the specified
1603          * callbacks to execute processing of the data.  */
1604
1605         struct read_blob_callbacks cbs = {
1606                 .begin_blob     = write_blob_begin_read,
1607                 .continue_blob  = write_blob_process_chunk,
1608                 .end_blob       = write_blob_end_read,
1609                 .ctx            = &ctx,
1610         };
1611
1612         ret = read_blob_list(blob_list,
1613                              offsetof(struct blob_descriptor, write_blobs_list),
1614                              &cbs,
1615                              BLOB_LIST_ALREADY_SORTED |
1616                                 VERIFY_BLOB_HASHES |
1617                                 COMPUTE_MISSING_BLOB_HASHES);
1618
1619         if (ret)
1620                 goto out_destroy_context;
1621
1622         ret = finish_remaining_chunks(&ctx);
1623         if (ret)
1624                 goto out_destroy_context;
1625
1626         if (write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
1627                 struct wim_reshdr reshdr;
1628                 struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1629                 u64 offset_in_res;
1630
1631                 ret = end_write_resource(&ctx, &reshdr);
1632                 if (ret)
1633                         goto out_destroy_context;
1634
1635                 offset_in_res = 0;
1636                 list_for_each_entry(blob, &ctx.blobs_in_solid_resource, write_blobs_list) {
1637                         blob->out_reshdr.size_in_wim = blob->size;
1638                         blob->out_reshdr.flags = reshdr_flags_for_blob(blob) |
1639                                                  WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID;
1640                         blob->out_reshdr.uncompressed_size = 0;
1641                         blob->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim = offset_in_res;
1642                         blob->out_res_offset_in_wim = reshdr.offset_in_wim;
1643                         blob->out_res_size_in_wim = reshdr.size_in_wim;
1644                         blob->out_res_uncompressed_size = reshdr.uncompressed_size;
1645                         offset_in_res += blob->size;
1646                 }
1647                 wimlib_assert(offset_in_res == reshdr.uncompressed_size);
1648         }
1649
1650 out_destroy_context:
1651         FREE(ctx.chunk_csizes);
1652         if (ctx.compressor)
1653                 ctx.compressor->destroy(ctx.compressor);
1654         return ret;
1655 }
1656
1657
1658 static int
1659 write_file_data_blobs(WIMStruct *wim,
1660                       struct list_head *blob_list,
1661                       int write_flags,
1662                       unsigned num_threads,
1663                       struct filter_context *filter_ctx)
1664 {
1665         int out_ctype;
1666         u32 out_chunk_size;
1667         int write_resource_flags;
1668
1669         write_resource_flags = write_flags_to_resource_flags(write_flags);
1670
1671         if (write_resource_flags & WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID) {
1672                 out_chunk_size = wim->out_solid_chunk_size;
1673                 out_ctype = wim->out_solid_compression_type;
1674         } else {
1675                 out_chunk_size = wim->out_chunk_size;
1676                 out_ctype = wim->out_compression_type;
1677         }
1678
1679         return write_blob_list(blob_list,
1680                                &wim->out_fd,
1681                                write_resource_flags,
1682                                out_ctype,
1683                                out_chunk_size,
1684                                num_threads,
1685                                wim->blob_table,
1686                                filter_ctx,
1687                                wim->progfunc,
1688                                wim->progctx);
1689 }
1690
1691 /* Write the contents of the specified blob as a WIM resource.  */
1692 static int
1693 write_wim_resource(struct blob_descriptor *blob,
1694                    struct filedes *out_fd,
1695                    int out_ctype,
1696                    u32 out_chunk_size,
1697                    int write_resource_flags)
1698 {
1699         LIST_HEAD(blob_list);
1700         list_add(&blob->write_blobs_list, &blob_list);
1701         blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 1;
1702         return write_blob_list(&blob_list,
1703                                out_fd,
1704                                write_resource_flags & ~WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID,
1705                                out_ctype,
1706                                out_chunk_size,
1707                                1,
1708                                NULL,
1709                                NULL,
1710                                NULL,
1711                                NULL);
1712 }
1713
1714 /* Write the contents of the specified buffer as a WIM resource.  */
1715 int
1716 write_wim_resource_from_buffer(const void *buf,
1717                                size_t buf_size,
1718                                bool is_metadata,
1719                                struct filedes *out_fd,
1720                                int out_ctype,
1721                                u32 out_chunk_size,
1722                                struct wim_reshdr *out_reshdr,
1723                                u8 *hash_ret,
1724                                int write_resource_flags)
1725 {
1726         int ret;
1727         struct blob_descriptor blob;
1728
1729         if (unlikely(buf_size == 0)) {
1730                 zero_reshdr(out_reshdr);
1731                 if (hash_ret)
1732                         copy_hash(hash_ret, zero_hash);
1733                 return 0;
1734         }
1735
1736         blob_set_is_located_in_attached_buffer(&blob, (void *)buf, buf_size);
1737         sha1_buffer(buf, buf_size, blob.hash);
1738         blob.unhashed = 0;
1739         blob.is_metadata = is_metadata;
1740
1741         ret = write_wim_resource(&blob, out_fd, out_ctype, out_chunk_size,
1742                                  write_resource_flags);
1743         if (ret)
1744                 return ret;
1745
1746         copy_reshdr(out_reshdr, &blob.out_reshdr);
1747
1748         if (hash_ret)
1749                 copy_hash(hash_ret, blob.hash);
1750         return 0;
1751 }
1752
1753 struct blob_size_table {
1754         struct hlist_head *array;
1755         size_t num_entries;
1756         size_t capacity;
1757 };
1758
1759 static int
1760 init_blob_size_table(struct blob_size_table *tab, size_t capacity)
1761 {
1762         tab->array = CALLOC(capacity, sizeof(tab->array[0]));
1763         if (tab->array == NULL)
1764                 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
1765         tab->num_entries = 0;
1766         tab->capacity = capacity;
1767         return 0;
1768 }
1769
1770 static void
1771 destroy_blob_size_table(struct blob_size_table *tab)
1772 {
1773         FREE(tab->array);
1774 }
1775
1776 static int
1777 blob_size_table_insert(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_tab)
1778 {
1779         struct blob_size_table *tab = _tab;
1780         size_t pos;
1781         struct blob_descriptor *same_size_blob;
1782
1783         pos = hash_u64(blob->size) % tab->capacity;
1784         blob->unique_size = 1;
1785         hlist_for_each_entry(same_size_blob, &tab->array[pos], hash_list_2) {
1786                 if (same_size_blob->size == blob->size) {
1787                         blob->unique_size = 0;
1788                         same_size_blob->unique_size = 0;
1789                         break;
1790                 }
1791         }
1792
1793         hlist_add_head(&blob->hash_list_2, &tab->array[pos]);
1794         tab->num_entries++;
1795         return 0;
1796 }
1797
1798 struct find_blobs_ctx {
1799         WIMStruct *wim;
1800         int write_flags;
1801         struct list_head blob_list;
1802         struct blob_size_table blob_size_tab;
1803 };
1804
1805 static void
1806 reference_blob_for_write(struct blob_descriptor *blob,
1807                          struct list_head *blob_list, u32 nref)
1808 {
1809         if (!blob->will_be_in_output_wim) {
1810                 blob->out_refcnt = 0;
1811                 list_add_tail(&blob->write_blobs_list, blob_list);
1812                 blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 1;
1813         }
1814         blob->out_refcnt += nref;
1815 }
1816
1817 static int
1818 fully_reference_blob_for_write(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_blob_list)
1819 {
1820         struct list_head *blob_list = _blob_list;
1821         blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 0;
1822         reference_blob_for_write(blob, blob_list, blob->refcnt);
1823         return 0;
1824 }
1825
1826 static int
1827 inode_find_blobs_to_reference(const struct wim_inode *inode,
1828                               const struct blob_table *table,
1829                               struct list_head *blob_list)
1830 {
1831         wimlib_assert(inode->i_nlink > 0);
1832
1833         for (unsigned i = 0; i < inode->i_num_streams; i++) {
1834                 struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1835                 const u8 *hash;
1836
1837                 blob = stream_blob(&inode->i_streams[i], table);
1838                 if (blob) {
1839                         reference_blob_for_write(blob, blob_list, inode->i_nlink);
1840                 } else {
1841                         hash = stream_hash(&inode->i_streams[i]);
1842                         if (!is_zero_hash(hash))
1843                                 return blob_not_found_error(inode, hash);
1844                 }
1845         }
1846         return 0;
1847 }
1848
1849 static int
1850 do_blob_set_not_in_output_wim(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_ignore)
1851 {
1852         blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 0;
1853         return 0;
1854 }
1855
1856 static int
1857 image_find_blobs_to_reference(WIMStruct *wim)
1858 {
1859         struct wim_image_metadata *imd;
1860         struct wim_inode *inode;
1861         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1862         struct list_head *blob_list;
1863         int ret;
1864
1865         imd = wim_get_current_image_metadata(wim);
1866
1867         image_for_each_unhashed_blob(blob, imd)
1868                 blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 0;
1869
1870         blob_list = wim->private;
1871         image_for_each_inode(inode, imd) {
1872                 ret = inode_find_blobs_to_reference(inode,
1873                                                     wim->blob_table,
1874                                                     blob_list);
1875                 if (ret)
1876                         return ret;
1877         }
1878         return 0;
1879 }
1880
1881 static int
1882 prepare_unfiltered_list_of_blobs_in_output_wim(WIMStruct *wim,
1883                                                int image,
1884                                                int blobs_ok,
1885                                                struct list_head *blob_list_ret)
1886 {
1887         int ret;
1888
1889         INIT_LIST_HEAD(blob_list_ret);
1890
1891         if (blobs_ok && (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES ||
1892                          (image == 1 && wim->hdr.image_count == 1)))
1893         {
1894                 /* Fast case:  Assume that all blobs are being written and that
1895                  * the reference counts are correct.  */
1896                 struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1897                 struct wim_image_metadata *imd;
1898                 unsigned i;
1899
1900                 for_blob_in_table(wim->blob_table,
1901                                   fully_reference_blob_for_write,
1902                                   blob_list_ret);
1903
1904                 for (i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
1905                         imd = wim->image_metadata[i];
1906                         image_for_each_unhashed_blob(blob, imd)
1907                                 fully_reference_blob_for_write(blob, blob_list_ret);
1908                 }
1909         } else {
1910                 /* Slow case:  Walk through the images being written and
1911                  * determine the blobs referenced.  */
1912                 for_blob_in_table(wim->blob_table,
1913                                   do_blob_set_not_in_output_wim, NULL);
1914                 wim->private = blob_list_ret;
1915                 ret = for_image(wim, image, image_find_blobs_to_reference);
1916                 if (ret)
1917                         return ret;
1918         }
1919
1920         return 0;
1921 }
1922
1923 struct insert_other_if_hard_filtered_ctx {
1924         struct blob_size_table *tab;
1925         struct filter_context *filter_ctx;
1926 };
1927
1928 static int
1929 insert_other_if_hard_filtered(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_ctx)
1930 {
1931         struct insert_other_if_hard_filtered_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1932
1933         if (!blob->will_be_in_output_wim &&
1934             blob_hard_filtered(blob, ctx->filter_ctx))
1935                 blob_size_table_insert(blob, ctx->tab);
1936         return 0;
1937 }
1938
1939 static int
1940 determine_blob_size_uniquity(struct list_head *blob_list,
1941                              struct blob_table *lt,
1942                              struct filter_context *filter_ctx)
1943 {
1944         int ret;
1945         struct blob_size_table tab;
1946         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
1947
1948         ret = init_blob_size_table(&tab, 9001);
1949         if (ret)
1950                 return ret;
1951
1952         if (may_hard_filter_blobs(filter_ctx)) {
1953                 struct insert_other_if_hard_filtered_ctx ctx = {
1954                         .tab = &tab,
1955                         .filter_ctx = filter_ctx,
1956                 };
1957                 for_blob_in_table(lt, insert_other_if_hard_filtered, &ctx);
1958         }
1959
1960         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list)
1961                 blob_size_table_insert(blob, &tab);
1962
1963         destroy_blob_size_table(&tab);
1964         return 0;
1965 }
1966
1967 static void
1968 filter_blob_list_for_write(struct list_head *blob_list,
1969                            struct filter_context *filter_ctx)
1970 {
1971         struct blob_descriptor *blob, *tmp;
1972
1973         list_for_each_entry_safe(blob, tmp, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
1974                 int status = blob_filtered(blob, filter_ctx);
1975
1976                 if (status == 0) {
1977                         /* Not filtered.  */
1978                         continue;
1979                 } else {
1980                         if (status > 0) {
1981                                 /* Soft filtered.  */
1982                         } else {
1983                                 /* Hard filtered.  */
1984                                 blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 0;
1985                                 list_del(&blob->blob_table_list);
1986                         }
1987                         list_del(&blob->write_blobs_list);
1988                 }
1989         }
1990 }
1991
1992 /*
1993  * prepare_blob_list_for_write() -
1994  *
1995  * Prepare the list of blobs to write for writing a WIM containing the specified
1996  * image(s) with the specified write flags.
1997  *
1998  * @wim
1999  *      The WIMStruct on whose behalf the write is occurring.
2000  *
2001  * @image
2002  *      Image(s) from the WIM to write; may be WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES.
2003  *
2004  * @write_flags
2005  *      WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_* flags for the write operation:
2006  *
2007  *      STREAMS_OK:  For writes of all images, assume that all blobs in the blob
2008  *      table of @wim and the per-image lists of unhashed blobs should be taken
2009  *      as-is, and image metadata should not be searched for references.  This
2010  *      does not exclude filtering with APPEND and SKIP_EXTERNAL_WIMS, below.
2011  *
2012  *      APPEND:  Blobs already present in @wim shall not be returned in
2013  *      @blob_list_ret.
2014  *
2015  *      SKIP_EXTERNAL_WIMS:  Blobs already present in a WIM file, but not @wim,
2016  *      shall be returned in neither @blob_list_ret nor @blob_table_list_ret.
2017  *
2018  * @blob_list_ret
2019  *      List of blobs, linked by write_blobs_list, that need to be written will
2020  *      be returned here.
2021  *
2022  *      Note that this function assumes that unhashed blobs will be written; it
2023  *      does not take into account that they may become duplicates when actually
2024  *      hashed.
2025  *
2026  * @blob_table_list_ret
2027  *      List of blobs, linked by blob_table_list, that need to be included in
2028  *      the WIM's blob table will be returned here.  This will be a superset of
2029  *      the blobs in @blob_list_ret.
2030  *
2031  *      This list will be a proper superset of @blob_list_ret if and only if
2032  *      WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND was specified in @write_flags and some of the
2033  *      blobs that would otherwise need to be written were already located in
2034  *      the WIM file.
2035  *
2036  *      All blobs in this list will have @out_refcnt set to the number of
2037  *      references to the blob in the output WIM.  If
2038  *      WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_STREAMS_OK was specified in @write_flags, @out_refcnt
2039  *      may be as low as 0.
2040  *
2041  * @filter_ctx_ret
2042  *      A context for queries of blob filter status with blob_filtered() is
2043  *      returned in this location.
2044  *
2045  * In addition, @will_be_in_output_wim will be set to 1 in all blobs inserted
2046  * into @blob_table_list_ret and to 0 in all blobs in the blob table of @wim not
2047  * inserted into @blob_table_list_ret.
2048  *
2049  * Still furthermore, @unique_size will be set to 1 on all blobs in
2050  * @blob_list_ret that have unique size among all blobs in @blob_list_ret and
2051  * among all blobs in the blob table of @wim that are ineligible for being
2052  * written due to filtering.
2053  *
2054  * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on read error, memory allocation error, or
2055  * otherwise.
2056  */
2057 static int
2058 prepare_blob_list_for_write(WIMStruct *wim, int image,
2059                             int write_flags,
2060                             struct list_head *blob_list_ret,
2061                             struct list_head *blob_table_list_ret,
2062                             struct filter_context *filter_ctx_ret)
2063 {
2064         int ret;
2065         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
2066
2067         filter_ctx_ret->write_flags = write_flags;
2068         filter_ctx_ret->wim = wim;
2069
2070         ret = prepare_unfiltered_list_of_blobs_in_output_wim(
2071                                 wim,
2072                                 image,
2073                                 write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_STREAMS_OK,
2074                                 blob_list_ret);
2075         if (ret)
2076                 return ret;
2077
2078         INIT_LIST_HEAD(blob_table_list_ret);
2079         list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list_ret, write_blobs_list)
2080                 list_add_tail(&blob->blob_table_list, blob_table_list_ret);
2081
2082         ret = determine_blob_size_uniquity(blob_list_ret, wim->blob_table,
2083                                            filter_ctx_ret);
2084         if (ret)
2085                 return ret;
2086
2087         if (may_filter_blobs(filter_ctx_ret))
2088                 filter_blob_list_for_write(blob_list_ret, filter_ctx_ret);
2089
2090         return 0;
2091 }
2092
2093 static int
2094 write_file_data(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags,
2095                 unsigned num_threads,
2096                 struct list_head *blob_list_override,
2097                 struct list_head *blob_table_list_ret)
2098 {
2099         int ret;
2100         struct list_head _blob_list;
2101         struct list_head *blob_list;
2102         struct blob_descriptor *blob;
2103         struct filter_context _filter_ctx;
2104         struct filter_context *filter_ctx;
2105
2106         if (blob_list_override == NULL) {
2107                 /* Normal case: prepare blob list from image(s) being written.
2108                  */
2109                 blob_list = &_blob_list;
2110                 filter_ctx = &_filter_ctx;
2111                 ret = prepare_blob_list_for_write(wim, image, write_flags,
2112                                                   blob_list,
2113                                                   blob_table_list_ret,
2114                                                   filter_ctx);
2115                 if (ret)
2116                         return ret;
2117         } else {
2118                 /* Currently only as a result of wimlib_split() being called:
2119                  * use blob list already explicitly provided.  Use existing
2120                  * reference counts.  */
2121                 blob_list = blob_list_override;
2122                 filter_ctx = NULL;
2123                 INIT_LIST_HEAD(blob_table_list_ret);
2124                 list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_list, write_blobs_list) {
2125                         blob->out_refcnt = blob->refcnt;
2126                         blob->will_be_in_output_wim = 1;
2127                         blob->unique_size = 0;
2128                         list_add_tail(&blob->blob_table_list, blob_table_list_ret);
2129                 }
2130         }
2131
2132         return write_file_data_blobs(wim,
2133                                      blob_list,
2134                                      write_flags,
2135                                      num_threads,
2136                                      filter_ctx);
2137 }
2138
2139 static int
2140 write_metadata_resources(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags)
2141 {
2142         int ret;
2143         int start_image;
2144         int end_image;
2145         int write_resource_flags;
2146
2147         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_METADATA)
2148                 return 0;
2149
2150         write_resource_flags = write_flags_to_resource_flags(write_flags);
2151
2152         write_resource_flags &= ~WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_SOLID;
2153
2154         ret = call_progress(wim->progfunc,
2155                             WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_METADATA_BEGIN,
2156                             NULL, wim->progctx);
2157         if (ret)
2158                 return ret;
2159
2160         if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
2161                 start_image = 1;
2162                 end_image = wim->hdr.image_count;
2163         } else {
2164                 start_image = image;
2165                 end_image = image;
2166         }
2167
2168         for (int i = start_image; i <= end_image; i++) {
2169                 struct wim_image_metadata *imd;
2170
2171                 imd = wim->image_metadata[i - 1];
2172                 if (is_image_dirty(imd)) {
2173                         /* The image was modified from the original, or was
2174                          * newly added, so we have to build and write a new
2175                          * metadata resource.  */
2176                         ret = write_metadata_resource(wim, i,
2177                                                       write_resource_flags);
2178                 } else if (is_image_unchanged_from_wim(imd, wim) &&
2179                            (write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT |
2180                                            WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND)))
2181                 {
2182                         /* The metadata resource is already in the WIM file.
2183                          * For appends, we don't need to write it at all.  For
2184                          * compactions, we re-write existing metadata resources
2185                          * along with the existing file resources, not here.  */
2186                         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND)
2187                                 blob_set_out_reshdr_for_reuse(imd->metadata_blob);
2188                         ret = 0;
2189                 } else {
2190                         /* The metadata resource is in a WIM file other than the
2191                          * one being written to.  We need to rewrite it,
2192                          * possibly compressed differently; but rebuilding the
2193                          * metadata itself isn't necessary.  */
2194                         ret = write_wim_resource(imd->metadata_blob,
2195                                                  &wim->out_fd,
2196                                                  wim->out_compression_type,
2197                                                  wim->out_chunk_size,
2198                                                  write_resource_flags);
2199                 }
2200                 if (ret)
2201                         return ret;
2202         }
2203
2204         return call_progress(wim->progfunc,
2205                              WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_METADATA_END,
2206                              NULL, wim->progctx);
2207 }
2208
2209 static int
2210 open_wim_writable(WIMStruct *wim, const tchar *path, int open_flags)
2211 {
2212         int raw_fd = topen(path, open_flags | O_BINARY, 0644);
2213         if (raw_fd < 0) {
2214                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to open \"%"TS"\" for writing", path);
2215                 return WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
2216         }
2217         filedes_init(&wim->out_fd, raw_fd);
2218         return 0;
2219 }
2220
2221 static int
2222 close_wim_writable(WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags)
2223 {
2224         int ret = 0;
2225
2226         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR))
2227                 if (filedes_valid(&wim->out_fd))
2228                         if (filedes_close(&wim->out_fd))
2229                                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
2230         filedes_invalidate(&wim->out_fd);
2231         return ret;
2232 }
2233
2234 static int
2235 cmp_blobs_by_out_rdesc(const void *p1, const void *p2)
2236 {
2237         const struct blob_descriptor *blob1, *blob2;
2238
2239         blob1 = *(const struct blob_descriptor**)p1;
2240         blob2 = *(const struct blob_descriptor**)p2;
2241
2242         if (blob1->out_reshdr.flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID) {
2243                 if (blob2->out_reshdr.flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID) {
2244                         if (blob1->out_res_offset_in_wim != blob2->out_res_offset_in_wim)
2245                                 return cmp_u64(blob1->out_res_offset_in_wim,
2246                                                blob2->out_res_offset_in_wim);
2247                 } else {
2248                         return 1;
2249                 }
2250         } else {
2251                 if (blob2->out_reshdr.flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SOLID)
2252                         return -1;
2253         }
2254         return cmp_u64(blob1->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim,
2255                        blob2->out_reshdr.offset_in_wim);
2256 }
2257
2258 static int
2259 write_blob_table(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags,
2260                  struct list_head *blob_table_list)
2261 {
2262         int ret;
2263
2264         /* Set output resource metadata for blobs already present in WIM.  */
2265         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND) {
2266                 struct blob_descriptor *blob;
2267                 list_for_each_entry(blob, blob_table_list, blob_table_list) {
2268                         if (blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM &&
2269                             blob->rdesc->wim == wim)
2270                         {
2271                                 blob_set_out_reshdr_for_reuse(blob);
2272                         }
2273                 }
2274         }
2275
2276         ret = sort_blob_list(blob_table_list,
2277                              offsetof(struct blob_descriptor, blob_table_list),
2278                              cmp_blobs_by_out_rdesc);
2279         if (ret)
2280                 return ret;
2281
2282         /* Add entries for metadata resources.  */
2283         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_METADATA)) {
2284                 int start_image;
2285                 int end_image;
2286
2287                 if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
2288                         start_image = 1;
2289                         end_image = wim->hdr.image_count;
2290                 } else {
2291                         start_image = image;
2292                         end_image = image;
2293                 }
2294
2295                 /* Push metadata blob table entries onto the front of the list
2296                  * in reverse order, so that they're written in order.
2297                  */
2298                 for (int i = end_image; i >= start_image; i--) {
2299                         struct blob_descriptor *metadata_blob;
2300
2301                         metadata_blob = wim->image_metadata[i - 1]->metadata_blob;
2302                         wimlib_assert(metadata_blob->out_reshdr.flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_METADATA);
2303                         metadata_blob->out_refcnt = 1;
2304                         list_add(&metadata_blob->blob_table_list, blob_table_list);
2305                 }
2306         }
2307
2308         return write_blob_table_from_blob_list(blob_table_list,
2309                                                &wim->out_fd,
2310                                                wim->out_hdr.part_number,
2311                                                &wim->out_hdr.blob_table_reshdr,
2312                                                write_flags_to_resource_flags(write_flags));
2313 }
2314
2315 /*
2316  * Finish writing a WIM file: write the blob table, xml data, and integrity
2317  * table, then overwrite the WIM header.
2318  *
2319  * The output file descriptor is closed on success, except when writing to a
2320  * user-specified file descriptor (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR set).
2321  */
2322 static int
2323 finish_write(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags,
2324              struct list_head *blob_table_list)
2325 {
2326         int write_resource_flags;
2327         off_t old_blob_table_end = 0;
2328         struct integrity_table *old_integrity_table = NULL;
2329         off_t new_blob_table_end;
2330         u64 xml_totalbytes;
2331         int ret;
2332
2333         write_resource_flags = write_flags_to_resource_flags(write_flags);
2334
2335         /* In the WIM header, there is room for the resource entry for a
2336          * metadata resource labeled as the "boot metadata".  This entry should
2337          * be zeroed out if there is no bootable image (boot_idx 0).  Otherwise,
2338          * it should be a copy of the resource entry for the image that is
2339          * marked as bootable.  */
2340         if (wim->out_hdr.boot_idx == 0) {
2341                 zero_reshdr(&wim->out_hdr.boot_metadata_reshdr);
2342         } else {
2343                 copy_reshdr(&wim->out_hdr.boot_metadata_reshdr,
2344                             &wim->image_metadata[
2345                                 wim->out_hdr.boot_idx - 1]->metadata_blob->out_reshdr);
2346         }
2347
2348         /* If appending to a WIM file containing an integrity table, we'd like
2349          * to re-use the information in the old integrity table instead of
2350          * recalculating it.  But we might overwrite the old integrity table
2351          * when we expand the XML data.  Read it into memory just in case.  */
2352         if ((write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND |
2353                             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY)) ==
2354                 (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND |
2355                  WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY)
2356             && wim_has_integrity_table(wim))
2357         {
2358                 old_blob_table_end = wim->hdr.blob_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim +
2359                                      wim->hdr.blob_table_reshdr.size_in_wim;
2360                 (void)read_integrity_table(wim,
2361                                            old_blob_table_end - WIM_HEADER_DISK_SIZE,
2362                                            &old_integrity_table);
2363                 /* If we couldn't read the old integrity table, we can still
2364                  * re-calculate the full integrity table ourselves.  Hence the
2365                  * ignoring of the return value.  */
2366         }
2367
2368         /* Write blob table if needed.  */
2369         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_NEW_BLOBS)) {
2370                 ret = write_blob_table(wim, image, write_flags,
2371                                        blob_table_list);
2372                 if (ret)
2373                         goto out;
2374         }
2375
2376         /* Write XML data.  */
2377         xml_totalbytes = wim->out_fd.offset;
2378         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_USE_EXISTING_TOTALBYTES)
2379                 xml_totalbytes = WIM_TOTALBYTES_USE_EXISTING;
2380         ret = write_wim_xml_data(wim, image, xml_totalbytes,
2381                                  &wim->out_hdr.xml_data_reshdr,
2382                                  write_resource_flags);
2383         if (ret)
2384                 goto out;
2385
2386         /* Write integrity table if needed.  */
2387         if ((write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY) &&
2388             wim->out_hdr.blob_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim != 0)
2389         {
2390                 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_NEW_BLOBS) {
2391                         /* The XML data we wrote may have overwritten part of
2392                          * the old integrity table, so while calculating the new
2393                          * integrity table we should temporarily update the WIM
2394                          * header to remove the integrity table reference.   */
2395                         struct wim_header checkpoint_hdr;
2396                         memcpy(&checkpoint_hdr, &wim->out_hdr, sizeof(struct wim_header));
2397                         zero_reshdr(&checkpoint_hdr.integrity_table_reshdr);
2398                         checkpoint_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
2399                         ret = write_wim_header(&checkpoint_hdr, &wim->out_fd, 0);
2400                         if (ret)
2401                                 goto out;
2402                 }
2403
2404                 new_blob_table_end = wim->out_hdr.blob_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim +
2405                                      wim->out_hdr.blob_table_reshdr.size_in_wim;
2406
2407                 ret = write_integrity_table(wim,
2408                                             new_blob_table_end,
2409                                             old_blob_table_end,
2410                                             old_integrity_table);
2411                 if (ret)
2412                         goto out;
2413         } else {
2414                 /* No integrity table.  */
2415                 zero_reshdr(&wim->out_hdr.integrity_table_reshdr);
2416         }
2417
2418         /* Now that all information in the WIM header has been determined, the
2419          * preliminary header written earlier can be overwritten, the header of
2420          * the existing WIM file can be overwritten, or the final header can be
2421          * written to the end of the pipable WIM.  */
2422         wim->out_hdr.flags &= ~WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
2423         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)
2424                 ret = write_wim_header(&wim->out_hdr, &wim->out_fd, wim->out_fd.offset);
2425         else
2426                 ret = write_wim_header(&wim->out_hdr, &wim->out_fd, 0);
2427         if (ret)
2428                 goto out;
2429
2430         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
2431         if (unlikely(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT)) {
2432                 /* Truncate any data the compaction freed up.  */
2433                 if (ftruncate(wim->out_fd.fd, wim->out_fd.offset) &&
2434                     errno != EINVAL) /* allow compaction on untruncatable files,
2435                                         e.g. block devices  */
2436                 {
2437                         ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to truncate the output WIM file");
2438                         goto out;
2439                 }
2440         }
2441
2442         /* Possibly sync file data to disk before closing.  On POSIX systems, it
2443          * is necessary to do this before using rename() to overwrite an
2444          * existing file with a new file.  Otherwise, data loss would occur if
2445          * the system is abruptly terminated when the metadata for the rename
2446          * operation has been written to disk, but the new file data has not.
2447          */
2448         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
2449         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FSYNC) {
2450                 if (fsync(wim->out_fd.fd)) {
2451                         ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error syncing data to WIM file");
2452                         goto out;
2453                 }
2454         }
2455
2456         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
2457         if (close_wim_writable(wim, write_flags)) {
2458                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to close the output WIM file");
2459                 goto out;
2460         }
2461
2462         ret = 0;
2463 out:
2464         free_integrity_table(old_integrity_table);
2465         return ret;
2466 }
2467
2468 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_FILE_H) && defined(HAVE_FLOCK)
2469
2470 /* Set advisory lock on WIM file (if not already done so)  */
2471 int
2472 lock_wim_for_append(WIMStruct *wim)
2473 {
2474         if (wim->locked_for_append)
2475                 return 0;
2476         if (!flock(wim->in_fd.fd, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB)) {
2477                 wim->locked_for_append = 1;
2478                 return 0;
2479         }
2480         if (errno != EWOULDBLOCK)
2481                 return 0;
2482         return WIMLIB_ERR_ALREADY_LOCKED;
2483 }
2484
2485 /* Remove advisory lock on WIM file (if present)  */
2486 void
2487 unlock_wim_for_append(WIMStruct *wim)
2488 {
2489         if (wim->locked_for_append) {
2490                 flock(wim->in_fd.fd, LOCK_UN);
2491                 wim->locked_for_append = 0;
2492         }
2493 }
2494 #endif
2495
2496 /*
2497  * write_pipable_wim():
2498  *
2499  * Perform the intermediate stages of creating a "pipable" WIM (i.e. a WIM
2500  * capable of being applied from a pipe).
2501  *
2502  * Pipable WIMs are a wimlib-specific modification of the WIM format such that
2503  * images can be applied from them sequentially when the file data is sent over
2504  * a pipe.  In addition, a pipable WIM can be written sequentially to a pipe.
2505  * The modifications made to the WIM format for pipable WIMs are:
2506  *
2507  * - Magic characters in header are "WLPWM\0\0\0" (wimlib pipable WIM) instead
2508  *   of "MSWIM\0\0\0".  This lets wimlib know that the WIM is pipable and also
2509  *   stops other software from trying to read the file as a normal WIM.
2510  *
2511  * - The header at the beginning of the file does not contain all the normal
2512  *   information; in particular it will have all 0's for the blob table and XML
2513  *   data resource entries.  This is because this information cannot be
2514  *   determined until the blob table and XML data have been written.
2515  *   Consequently, wimlib will write the full header at the very end of the
2516  *   file.  The header at the end, however, is only used when reading the WIM
2517  *   from a seekable file (not a pipe).
2518  *
2519  * - An extra copy of the XML data is placed directly after the header.  This
2520  *   allows image names and sizes to be determined at an appropriate time when
2521  *   reading the WIM from a pipe.  This copy of the XML data is ignored if the
2522  *   WIM is read from a seekable file (not a pipe).
2523  *
2524  * - Solid resources are not allowed.  Each blob is always stored in its own
2525  *   resource.
2526  *
2527  * - The format of resources, or blobs, has been modified to allow them to be
2528  *   used before the "blob table" has been read.  Each blob is prefixed with a
2529  *   `struct pwm_blob_hdr' that is basically an abbreviated form of `struct
2530  *   blob_descriptor_disk' that only contains the SHA-1 message digest,
2531  *   uncompressed blob size, and flags that indicate whether the blob is
2532  *   compressed.  The data of uncompressed blobs then follows literally, while
2533  *   the data of compressed blobs follows in a modified format.  Compressed
2534  *   blobs do not begin with a chunk table, since the chunk table cannot be
2535  *   written until all chunks have been compressed.  Instead, each compressed
2536  *   chunk is prefixed by a `struct pwm_chunk_hdr' that gives its size.
2537  *   Furthermore, the chunk table is written at the end of the resource instead
2538  *   of the start.  Note: chunk offsets are given in the chunk table as if the
2539  *   `struct pwm_chunk_hdr's were not present; also, the chunk table is only
2540  *   used if the WIM is being read from a seekable file (not a pipe).
2541  *
2542  * - Metadata blobs always come before non-metadata blobs.  (This does not by
2543  *   itself constitute an incompatibility with normal WIMs, since this is valid
2544  *   in normal WIMs.)
2545  *
2546  * - At least up to the end of the blobs, all components must be packed as
2547  *   tightly as possible; there cannot be any "holes" in the WIM.  (This does
2548  *   not by itself consititute an incompatibility with normal WIMs, since this
2549  *   is valid in normal WIMs.)
2550  *
2551  * Note: the blob table, XML data, and header at the end are not used when
2552  * applying from a pipe.  They exist to support functionality such as image
2553  * application and export when the WIM is *not* read from a pipe.
2554  *
2555  *   Layout of pipable WIM:
2556  *
2557  * ---------+----------+--------------------+----------------+--------------+-----------+--------+
2558  * | Header | XML data | Metadata resources | File resources |  Blob table  | XML data  | Header |
2559  * ---------+----------+--------------------+----------------+--------------+-----------+--------+
2560  *
2561  *   Layout of normal WIM:
2562  *
2563  * +--------+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
2564  * | Header | File and metadata resources |  Blob table  | XML data |
2565  * +--------+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
2566  *
2567  * An optional integrity table can follow the final XML data in both normal and
2568  * pipable WIMs.  However, due to implementation details, wimlib currently can
2569  * only include an integrity table in a pipable WIM when writing it to a
2570  * seekable file (not a pipe).
2571  *
2572  * Do note that since pipable WIMs are not supported by Microsoft's software,
2573  * wimlib does not create them unless explicitly requested (with
2574  * WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE) and as stated above they use different magic
2575  * characters to identify the file.
2576  */
2577 static int
2578 write_pipable_wim(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags,
2579                   unsigned num_threads,
2580                   struct list_head *blob_list_override,
2581                   struct list_head *blob_table_list_ret)
2582 {
2583         int ret;
2584         struct wim_reshdr xml_reshdr;
2585
2586         WARNING("Creating a pipable WIM, which will "
2587                 "be incompatible\n"
2588                 "          with Microsoft's software (WIMGAPI/ImageX/DISM).");
2589
2590         /* At this point, the header at the beginning of the file has already
2591          * been written.  */
2592
2593         /*
2594          * For efficiency, wimlib normally delays calculating each newly added
2595          * stream's hash until while that stream being written, or just before
2596          * it is written.  However, when writing a pipable WIM (potentially to a
2597          * pipe), we first have to write the metadata resources, which contain
2598          * all the hashes.  Moreover each blob is prefixed with its hash (struct
2599          * pwm_blob_hdr).  Thus, we have to calculate all the hashes before
2600          * writing anything.
2601          */
2602         ret = wim_checksum_unhashed_blobs(wim);
2603         if (ret)
2604                 return ret;
2605
2606         /* Write extra copy of the XML data.  */
2607         ret = write_wim_xml_data(wim, image, WIM_TOTALBYTES_OMIT,
2608                                  &xml_reshdr, WRITE_RESOURCE_FLAG_PIPABLE);
2609         if (ret)
2610                 return ret;
2611
2612         /* Write metadata resources for the image(s) being included in the
2613          * output WIM.  */
2614         ret = write_metadata_resources(wim, image, write_flags);
2615         if (ret)
2616                 return ret;
2617
2618         /* Write file data needed for the image(s) being included in the output
2619          * WIM, or file data needed for the split WIM part.  */
2620         return write_file_data(wim, image, write_flags,
2621                                num_threads, blob_list_override,
2622                                blob_table_list_ret);
2623
2624         /* The blob table, XML data, and header at end are handled by
2625          * finish_write().  */
2626 }
2627
2628 static bool
2629 should_default_to_solid_compression(WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags)
2630 {
2631         return wim->out_hdr.wim_version == WIM_VERSION_SOLID &&
2632                 !(write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID |
2633                                  WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)) &&
2634                 wim_has_solid_resources(wim);
2635 }
2636
2637 /* Update the images' filecount/bytecount stats (in the XML info) to take into
2638  * account any recent modifications.  */
2639 static int
2640 update_image_stats(WIMStruct *wim)
2641 {
2642         if (!wim_has_metadata(wim))
2643                 return 0;
2644         for (int i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
2645                 struct wim_image_metadata *imd = wim->image_metadata[i];
2646                 if (imd->stats_outdated) {
2647                         int ret = xml_update_image_info(wim, i + 1);
2648                         if (ret)
2649                                 return ret;
2650                         imd->stats_outdated = false;
2651                 }
2652         }
2653         return 0;
2654 }
2655
2656 /* Write a standalone WIM or split WIM (SWM) part to a new file or to a file
2657  * descriptor.  */
2658 int
2659 write_wim_part(WIMStruct *wim,
2660                const void *path_or_fd,
2661                int image,
2662                int write_flags,
2663                unsigned num_threads,
2664                unsigned part_number,
2665                unsigned total_parts,
2666                struct list_head *blob_list_override,
2667                const u8 *guid)
2668 {
2669         int ret;
2670         struct list_head blob_table_list;
2671
2672         /* Internally, this is always called with a valid part number and total
2673          * parts.  */
2674         wimlib_assert(total_parts >= 1);
2675         wimlib_assert(part_number >= 1 && part_number <= total_parts);
2676
2677         /* A valid image (or all images) must be specified.  */
2678         if (image != WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES &&
2679              (image < 1 || image > wim->hdr.image_count))
2680                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
2681
2682         /* If we need to write metadata resources, make sure the ::WIMStruct has
2683          * the needed information attached (e.g. is not a resource-only WIM,
2684          * such as a non-first part of a split WIM).  */
2685         if (!wim_has_metadata(wim) &&
2686             !(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_METADATA))
2687                 return WIMLIB_ERR_METADATA_NOT_FOUND;
2688
2689         /* Check for contradictory flags.  */
2690         if ((write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY |
2691                             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_CHECK_INTEGRITY))
2692                                 == (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY |
2693                                     WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_CHECK_INTEGRITY))
2694                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2695
2696         if ((write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE |
2697                             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NOT_PIPABLE))
2698                                 == (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE |
2699                                     WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NOT_PIPABLE))
2700                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2701
2702         /* Only wimlib_overwrite() accepts UNSAFE_COMPACT.  */
2703         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT)
2704                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2705
2706         /* Include an integrity table by default if no preference was given and
2707          * the WIM already had an integrity table.  */
2708         if (!(write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY |
2709                              WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_CHECK_INTEGRITY))) {
2710                 if (wim_has_integrity_table(wim))
2711                         write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
2712         }
2713
2714         /* Write a pipable WIM by default if no preference was given and the WIM
2715          * was already pipable.  */
2716         if (!(write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE |
2717                              WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NOT_PIPABLE))) {
2718                 if (wim_is_pipable(wim))
2719                         write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE;
2720         }
2721
2722         if ((write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE |
2723                             WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID))
2724                                     == (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE |
2725                                         WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID))
2726         {
2727                 ERROR("Solid compression is unsupported in pipable WIMs");
2728                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2729         }
2730
2731         /* Start initializing the new file header.  */
2732         memset(&wim->out_hdr, 0, sizeof(wim->out_hdr));
2733
2734         /* Set the magic number.  */
2735         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)
2736                 wim->out_hdr.magic = PWM_MAGIC;
2737         else
2738                 wim->out_hdr.magic = WIM_MAGIC;
2739
2740         /* Set the version number.  */
2741         if ((write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID) ||
2742             wim->out_compression_type == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZMS)
2743                 wim->out_hdr.wim_version = WIM_VERSION_SOLID;
2744         else
2745                 wim->out_hdr.wim_version = WIM_VERSION_DEFAULT;
2746
2747         /* Default to solid compression if it is valid in the chosen WIM file
2748          * format and the WIMStruct references any solid resources.  This is
2749          * useful when exporting an image from a solid WIM.  */
2750         if (should_default_to_solid_compression(wim, write_flags))
2751                 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID;
2752
2753         /* Set the header flags.  */
2754         wim->out_hdr.flags = (wim->hdr.flags & (WIM_HDR_FLAG_RP_FIX |
2755                                                 WIM_HDR_FLAG_READONLY));
2756         if (total_parts != 1)
2757                 wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_SPANNED;
2758         if (wim->out_compression_type != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE) {
2759                 wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESSION;
2760                 switch (wim->out_compression_type) {
2761                 case WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_XPRESS:
2762                         wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_XPRESS;
2763                         break;
2764                 case WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX:
2765                         wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_LZX;
2766                         break;
2767                 case WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZMS:
2768                         wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_LZMS;
2769                         break;
2770                 }
2771         }
2772
2773         /* Set the chunk size.  */
2774         wim->out_hdr.chunk_size = wim->out_chunk_size;
2775
2776         /* Set the GUID.  */
2777         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RETAIN_GUID)
2778                 guid = wim->hdr.guid;
2779         if (guid)
2780                 copy_guid(wim->out_hdr.guid, guid);
2781         else
2782                 generate_guid(wim->out_hdr.guid);
2783
2784         /* Set the part number and total parts.  */
2785         wim->out_hdr.part_number = part_number;
2786         wim->out_hdr.total_parts = total_parts;
2787
2788         /* Set the image count.  */
2789         if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES)
2790                 wim->out_hdr.image_count = wim->hdr.image_count;
2791         else
2792                 wim->out_hdr.image_count = 1;
2793
2794         /* Set the boot index.  */
2795         wim->out_hdr.boot_idx = 0;
2796         if (total_parts == 1) {
2797                 if (image == WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES)
2798                         wim->out_hdr.boot_idx = wim->hdr.boot_idx;
2799                 else if (image == wim->hdr.boot_idx)
2800                         wim->out_hdr.boot_idx = 1;
2801         }
2802
2803         /* Update image stats if needed.  */
2804         ret = update_image_stats(wim);
2805         if (ret)
2806                 return ret;
2807
2808         /* Set up the output file descriptor.  */
2809         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR) {
2810                 /* File descriptor was explicitly provided.  */
2811                 filedes_init(&wim->out_fd, *(const int *)path_or_fd);
2812                 if (!filedes_is_seekable(&wim->out_fd)) {
2813                         /* The file descriptor is a pipe.  */
2814                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2815                         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE))
2816                                 goto out_cleanup;
2817                         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY) {
2818                                 ERROR("Can't include integrity check when "
2819                                       "writing pipable WIM to pipe!");
2820                                 goto out_cleanup;
2821                         }
2822                 }
2823         } else {
2824                 /* Filename of WIM to write was provided; open file descriptor
2825                  * to it.  */
2826                 ret = open_wim_writable(wim, (const tchar*)path_or_fd,
2827                                         O_TRUNC | O_CREAT | O_RDWR);
2828                 if (ret)
2829                         goto out_cleanup;
2830         }
2831
2832         /* Write initial header.  This is merely a "dummy" header since it
2833          * doesn't have resource entries filled in yet, so it will be
2834          * overwritten later (unless writing a pipable WIM).  */
2835         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE))
2836                 wim->out_hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
2837         ret = write_wim_header(&wim->out_hdr, &wim->out_fd, wim->out_fd.offset);
2838         wim->out_hdr.flags &= ~WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
2839         if (ret)
2840                 goto out_cleanup;
2841
2842         /* Write file data and metadata resources.  */
2843         if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE)) {
2844                 /* Default case: create a normal (non-pipable) WIM.  */
2845                 ret = write_file_data(wim, image, write_flags,
2846                                       num_threads,
2847                                       blob_list_override,
2848                                       &blob_table_list);
2849                 if (ret)
2850                         goto out_cleanup;
2851
2852                 ret = write_metadata_resources(wim, image, write_flags);
2853                 if (ret)
2854                         goto out_cleanup;
2855         } else {
2856                 /* Non-default case: create pipable WIM.  */
2857                 ret = write_pipable_wim(wim, image, write_flags, num_threads,
2858                                         blob_list_override,
2859                                         &blob_table_list);
2860                 if (ret)
2861                         goto out_cleanup;
2862         }
2863
2864         /* Write blob table, XML data, and (optional) integrity table.  */
2865         ret = finish_write(wim, image, write_flags, &blob_table_list);
2866 out_cleanup:
2867         (void)close_wim_writable(wim, write_flags);
2868         return ret;
2869 }
2870
2871 /* Write a standalone WIM to a file or file descriptor.  */
2872 static int
2873 write_standalone_wim(WIMStruct *wim, const void *path_or_fd,
2874                      int image, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
2875 {
2876         return write_wim_part(wim, path_or_fd, image, write_flags,
2877                               num_threads, 1, 1, NULL, NULL);
2878 }
2879
2880 /* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
2881 WIMLIBAPI int
2882 wimlib_write(WIMStruct *wim, const tchar *path,
2883              int image, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
2884 {
2885         if (write_flags & ~WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC)
2886                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2887
2888         if (path == NULL || path[0] == T('\0'))
2889                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2890
2891         return write_standalone_wim(wim, path, image, write_flags, num_threads);
2892 }
2893
2894 /* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
2895 WIMLIBAPI int
2896 wimlib_write_to_fd(WIMStruct *wim, int fd,
2897                    int image, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
2898 {
2899         if (write_flags & ~WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC)
2900                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2901
2902         if (fd < 0)
2903                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
2904
2905         write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FILE_DESCRIPTOR;
2906
2907         return write_standalone_wim(wim, &fd, image, write_flags, num_threads);
2908 }
2909
2910 /* Have there been any changes to images in the specified WIM, including updates
2911  * as well as deletions and additions of entire images, but excluding changes to
2912  * the XML document?  */
2913 static bool
2914 any_images_changed(WIMStruct *wim)
2915 {
2916         if (wim->image_deletion_occurred)
2917                 return true;
2918         for (int i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++)
2919                 if (!is_image_unchanged_from_wim(wim->image_metadata[i], wim))
2920                         return true;
2921         return false;
2922 }
2923
2924 static int
2925 check_resource_offset(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_wim)
2926 {
2927         const WIMStruct *wim = _wim;
2928         off_t end_offset = *(const off_t*)wim->private;
2929
2930         if (blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM &&
2931             blob->rdesc->wim == wim &&
2932             blob->rdesc->offset_in_wim + blob->rdesc->size_in_wim > end_offset)
2933                 return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
2934         return 0;
2935 }
2936
2937 /* Make sure no file or metadata resources are located after the XML data (or
2938  * integrity table if present)--- otherwise we can't safely append to the WIM
2939  * file and we return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER.  */
2940 static int
2941 check_resource_offsets(WIMStruct *wim, off_t end_offset)
2942 {
2943         int ret;
2944         unsigned i;
2945
2946         wim->private = &end_offset;
2947         ret = for_blob_in_table(wim->blob_table, check_resource_offset, wim);
2948         if (ret)
2949                 return ret;
2950
2951         for (i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
2952                 ret = check_resource_offset(wim->image_metadata[i]->metadata_blob, wim);
2953                 if (ret)
2954                         return ret;
2955         }
2956         return 0;
2957 }
2958
2959 static int
2960 free_blob_if_invalidated(struct blob_descriptor *blob, void *_wim)
2961 {
2962         const WIMStruct *wim = _wim;
2963
2964         if (!blob->will_be_in_output_wim &&
2965             blob->blob_location == BLOB_IN_WIM && blob->rdesc->wim == wim)
2966         {
2967                 blob_table_unlink(wim->blob_table, blob);
2968                 free_blob_descriptor(blob);
2969         }
2970         return 0;
2971 }
2972
2973 /*
2974  * Overwrite a WIM, possibly appending new resources to it.
2975  *
2976  * A WIM looks like (or is supposed to look like) the following:
2977  *
2978  *                   Header (212 bytes)
2979  *                   Resources for metadata and files (variable size)
2980  *                   Blob table (variable size)
2981  *                   XML data (variable size)
2982  *                   Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
2983  *
2984  * If we are not adding any new files or metadata, then the blob table is
2985  * unchanged--- so we only need to overwrite the XML data, integrity table, and
2986  * header.  This operation is potentially unsafe if the program is abruptly
2987  * terminated while the XML data or integrity table are being overwritten, but
2988  * before the new header has been written.  To partially alleviate this problem,
2989  * we write a temporary header after the XML data has been written.  This may
2990  * prevent the WIM from becoming corrupted if the program is terminated while
2991  * the integrity table is being calculated (but no guarantees, due to write
2992  * re-ordering...).
2993  *
2994  * If we are adding new blobs, including new file data as well as any metadata
2995  * for any new images, then the blob table needs to be changed, and those blobs
2996  * need to be written.  In this case, we try to perform a safe update of the WIM
2997  * file by writing the blobs *after* the end of the previous WIM, then writing
2998  * the new blob table, XML data, and (optionally) integrity table following the
2999  * new blobs.  This will produce a layout like the following:
3000  *
3001  *                   Header (212 bytes)
3002  *                   (OLD) Resources for metadata and files (variable size)
3003  *                   (OLD) Blob table (variable size)
3004  *                   (OLD) XML data (variable size)
3005  *                   (OLD) Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
3006  *                   (NEW) Resources for metadata and files (variable size)
3007  *                   (NEW) Blob table (variable size)
3008  *                   (NEW) XML data (variable size)
3009  *                   (NEW) Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
3010  *
3011  * At all points, the WIM is valid as nothing points to the new data yet.  Then,
3012  * the header is overwritten to point to the new blob table, XML data, and
3013  * integrity table, to produce the following layout:
3014  *
3015  *                   Header (212 bytes)
3016  *                   Resources for metadata and files (variable size)
3017  *                   Nothing (variable size)
3018  *                   Resources for metadata and files (variable size)
3019  *                   Blob table (variable size)
3020  *                   XML data (variable size)
3021  *                   Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
3022  *
3023  * This function allows an image to be appended to a large WIM very quickly, and
3024  * is crash-safe except in the case of write re-ordering, but the disadvantage
3025  * is that a small hole is left in the WIM where the old blob table, xml data,
3026  * and integrity table were.  (These usually only take up a small amount of
3027  * space compared to the blobs, however.)
3028  *
3029  * Finally, this function also supports "compaction" overwrites as an
3030  * alternative to the normal "append" overwrites described above.  In a
3031  * compaction, data is written starting immediately from the end of the header.
3032  * All existing resources are written first, in order by file offset.  New
3033  * resources are written afterwards, and at the end any extra data is truncated
3034  * from the file.  The advantage of this approach is that is that the WIM file
3035  * ends up fully optimized, without any holes remaining.  The main disadavantage
3036  * is that this operation is fundamentally unsafe and cannot be interrupted
3037  * without data corruption.  Consequently, compactions are only ever done when
3038  * explicitly requested by the library user with the flag
3039  * WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT.  (Another disadvantage is that a compaction
3040  * can be much slower than an append.)
3041  */
3042 static int
3043 overwrite_wim_inplace(WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
3044 {
3045         int ret;
3046         off_t old_wim_end;
3047         struct list_head blob_list;
3048         struct list_head blob_table_list;
3049         struct filter_context filter_ctx;
3050
3051         /* Include an integrity table by default if no preference was given and
3052          * the WIM already had an integrity table.  */
3053         if (!(write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY |
3054                              WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_CHECK_INTEGRITY)))
3055                 if (wim_has_integrity_table(wim))
3056                         write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY;
3057
3058         /* Start preparing the updated file header.  */
3059         memcpy(&wim->out_hdr, &wim->hdr, sizeof(wim->out_hdr));
3060
3061         /* If using solid compression, the version number must be set to
3062          * WIM_VERSION_SOLID.  */
3063         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID)
3064                 wim->out_hdr.wim_version = WIM_VERSION_SOLID;
3065
3066         /* Default to solid compression if it is valid in the chosen WIM file
3067          * format and the WIMStruct references any solid resources.  This is
3068          * useful when updating a solid WIM.  */
3069         if (should_default_to_solid_compression(wim, write_flags))
3070                 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID;
3071
3072         if (unlikely(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT)) {
3073
3074                 /* In-place compaction  */
3075
3076                 WARNING("The WIM file \"%"TS"\" is being compacted in place.\n"
3077                         "          Do *not* interrupt the operation, or else "
3078                         "the WIM file will be\n"
3079                         "          corrupted!", wim->filename);
3080                 wim->being_compacted = 1;
3081                 old_wim_end = WIM_HEADER_DISK_SIZE;
3082
3083                 ret = prepare_blob_list_for_write(wim, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES,
3084                                                   write_flags, &blob_list,
3085                                                   &blob_table_list, &filter_ctx);
3086                 if (ret)
3087                         goto out;
3088
3089                 /* Prevent new files from being deduplicated with existing blobs
3090                  * in the WIM that we haven't decided to write.  Such blobs will
3091                  * be overwritten during the compaction.  */
3092                 for_blob_in_table(wim->blob_table, free_blob_if_invalidated, wim);
3093
3094                 if (wim_has_metadata(wim)) {
3095                         /* Add existing metadata resources to be compacted along
3096                          * with the file resources.  */
3097                         for (int i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
3098                                 struct wim_image_metadata *imd = wim->image_metadata[i];
3099                                 if (is_image_unchanged_from_wim(imd, wim)) {
3100                                         fully_reference_blob_for_write(imd->metadata_blob,
3101                                                                        &blob_list);
3102                                 }
3103                         }
3104                 }
3105         } else {
3106                 u64 old_blob_table_end, old_xml_begin, old_xml_end;
3107
3108                 /* Set additional flags for append.  */
3109                 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_APPEND |
3110                                WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_STREAMS_OK;
3111
3112                 /* Make sure there is no data after the XML data, except
3113                  * possibily an integrity table.  If this were the case, then
3114                  * this data would be overwritten.  */
3115                 old_xml_begin = wim->hdr.xml_data_reshdr.offset_in_wim;
3116                 old_xml_end = old_xml_begin + wim->hdr.xml_data_reshdr.size_in_wim;
3117                 if (wim->hdr.blob_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim == 0)
3118                         old_blob_table_end = WIM_HEADER_DISK_SIZE;
3119                 else
3120                         old_blob_table_end = wim->hdr.blob_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim +
3121                                              wim->hdr.blob_table_reshdr.size_in_wim;
3122                 if (wim_has_integrity_table(wim) &&
3123                     wim->hdr.integrity_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim < old_xml_end) {
3124                         WARNING("Didn't expect the integrity table to be "
3125                                 "before the XML data");
3126                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
3127                         goto out;
3128                 }
3129
3130                 if (old_blob_table_end > old_xml_begin) {
3131                         WARNING("Didn't expect the blob table to be after "
3132                                 "the XML data");
3133                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
3134                         goto out;
3135                 }
3136                 /* Set @old_wim_end, which indicates the point beyond which we
3137                  * don't allow any file and metadata resources to appear without
3138                  * returning WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER (due to the fact that we
3139                  * would otherwise overwrite these resources). */
3140                 if (!any_images_changed(wim)) {
3141                         /* If no images have been modified, added, or deleted,
3142                          * then a new blob table does not need to be written.
3143                          * We shall write the new XML data and optional
3144                          * integrity table immediately after the blob table.
3145                          * Note that this may overwrite an existing integrity
3146                          * table.  */
3147                         old_wim_end = old_blob_table_end;
3148                         write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_NEW_BLOBS;
3149                 } else if (wim_has_integrity_table(wim)) {
3150                         /* Old WIM has an integrity table; begin writing new
3151                          * blobs after it. */
3152                         old_wim_end = wim->hdr.integrity_table_reshdr.offset_in_wim +
3153                                       wim->hdr.integrity_table_reshdr.size_in_wim;
3154                 } else {
3155                         /* No existing integrity table; begin writing new blobs
3156                          * after the old XML data. */
3157                         old_wim_end = old_xml_end;
3158                 }
3159
3160                 ret = check_resource_offsets(wim, old_wim_end);
3161                 if (ret)
3162                         goto out;
3163
3164                 ret = prepare_blob_list_for_write(wim, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES,
3165                                                   write_flags, &blob_list,
3166                                                   &blob_table_list, &filter_ctx);
3167                 if (ret)
3168                         goto out;
3169
3170                 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_NEW_BLOBS)
3171                         wimlib_assert(list_empty(&blob_list));
3172         }
3173
3174         /* Update image stats if needed.  */
3175         ret = update_image_stats(wim);
3176         if (ret)
3177                 goto out;
3178
3179         ret = open_wim_writable(wim, wim->filename, O_RDWR);
3180         if (ret)
3181                 goto out;
3182
3183         ret = lock_wim_for_append(wim);
3184         if (ret)
3185                 goto out_close_wim;
3186
3187         /* Set WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS flag in header. */
3188         wim->hdr.flags |= WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
3189         ret = write_wim_header_flags(wim->hdr.flags, &wim->out_fd);
3190         wim->hdr.flags &= ~WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS;
3191         if (ret) {
3192                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error updating WIM header flags");
3193                 goto out_unlock_wim;
3194         }
3195
3196         if (filedes_seek(&wim->out_fd, old_wim_end) == -1) {
3197                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Can't seek to end of WIM");
3198                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
3199                 goto out_restore_hdr;
3200         }
3201
3202         ret = write_file_data_blobs(wim, &blob_list, write_flags,
3203                                     num_threads, &filter_ctx);
3204         if (ret)
3205                 goto out_truncate;
3206
3207         ret = write_metadata_resources(wim, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES, write_flags);
3208         if (ret)
3209                 goto out_truncate;
3210
3211         ret = finish_write(wim, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES, write_flags,
3212                            &blob_table_list);
3213         if (ret)
3214                 goto out_truncate;
3215
3216         unlock_wim_for_append(wim);
3217         return 0;
3218
3219 out_truncate:
3220         if (!(write_flags & (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_NEW_BLOBS |
3221                              WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT))) {
3222                 WARNING("Truncating \"%"TS"\" to its original size "
3223                         "(%"PRIu64" bytes)", wim->filename, old_wim_end);
3224                 if (ftruncate(wim->out_fd.fd, old_wim_end))
3225                         WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to truncate WIM file!");
3226         }
3227 out_restore_hdr:
3228         (void)write_wim_header_flags(wim->hdr.flags, &wim->out_fd);
3229 out_unlock_wim:
3230         unlock_wim_for_append(wim);
3231 out_close_wim:
3232         (void)close_wim_writable(wim, write_flags);
3233 out:
3234         wim->being_compacted = 0;
3235         return ret;
3236 }
3237
3238 static int
3239 overwrite_wim_via_tmpfile(WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
3240 {
3241         size_t wim_name_len;
3242         int ret;
3243
3244         /* Write the WIM to a temporary file in the same directory as the
3245          * original WIM. */
3246         wim_name_len = tstrlen(wim->filename);
3247         tchar tmpfile[wim_name_len + 10];
3248         tmemcpy(tmpfile, wim->filename, wim_name_len);
3249         get_random_alnum_chars(tmpfile + wim_name_len, 9);
3250         tmpfile[wim_name_len + 9] = T('\0');
3251
3252         ret = wimlib_write(wim, tmpfile, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES,
3253                            write_flags |
3254                                 WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FSYNC |
3255                                 WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RETAIN_GUID,
3256                            num_threads);
3257         if (ret) {
3258                 tunlink(tmpfile);
3259                 return ret;
3260         }
3261
3262         if (filedes_valid(&wim->in_fd)) {
3263                 filedes_close(&wim->in_fd);
3264                 filedes_invalidate(&wim->in_fd);
3265         }
3266
3267         /* Rename the new WIM file to the original WIM file.  Note: on Windows
3268          * this actually calls win32_rename_replacement(), not _wrename(), so
3269          * that removing the existing destination file can be handled.  */
3270         ret = trename(tmpfile, wim->filename);
3271         if (ret) {
3272                 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to rename `%"TS"' to `%"TS"'",
3273                                  tmpfile, wim->filename);
3274         #ifdef __WIN32__
3275                 if (ret < 0)
3276         #endif
3277                 {
3278                         tunlink(tmpfile);
3279                 }
3280                 return WIMLIB_ERR_RENAME;
3281         }
3282
3283         union wimlib_progress_info progress;
3284         progress.rename.from = tmpfile;
3285         progress.rename.to = wim->filename;
3286         return call_progress(wim->progfunc, WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_RENAME,
3287                              &progress, wim->progctx);
3288 }
3289
3290 /* Determine if the specified WIM file may be updated in-place rather than by
3291  * writing and replacing it with an entirely new file.  */
3292 static bool
3293 can_overwrite_wim_inplace(const WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags)
3294 {
3295         /* REBUILD flag forces full rebuild.  */
3296         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD)
3297                 return false;
3298
3299         /* Image deletions cause full rebuild by default.  */
3300         if (wim->image_deletion_occurred &&
3301             !(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOFT_DELETE))
3302                 return false;
3303
3304         /* Pipable WIMs cannot be updated in place, nor can a non-pipable WIM be
3305          * turned into a pipable WIM in-place.  */
3306         if (wim_is_pipable(wim) || (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_PIPABLE))
3307                 return false;
3308
3309         /* The default compression type and compression chunk size selected for
3310          * the output WIM must be the same as those currently used for the WIM.
3311          */
3312         if (wim->compression_type != wim->out_compression_type)
3313                 return false;
3314         if (wim->chunk_size != wim->out_chunk_size)
3315                 return false;
3316
3317         return true;
3318 }
3319
3320 /* API function documented in wimlib.h  */
3321 WIMLIBAPI int
3322 wimlib_overwrite(WIMStruct *wim, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads)
3323 {
3324         int ret;
3325         u32 orig_hdr_flags;
3326
3327         if (write_flags & ~WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC)
3328                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
3329
3330         if (!wim->filename)
3331                 return WIMLIB_ERR_NO_FILENAME;
3332
3333         if (unlikely(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT)) {
3334                 /*
3335                  * In UNSAFE_COMPACT mode:
3336                  *      - RECOMPRESS is forbidden
3337                  *      - REBUILD is ignored
3338                  *      - SOFT_DELETE and NO_SOLID_SORT are implied
3339                  */
3340                 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS)
3341                         return WIMLIB_ERR_COMPACTION_NOT_POSSIBLE;
3342                 write_flags &= ~WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD;
3343                 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOFT_DELETE;
3344                 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_SOLID_SORT;
3345         }
3346
3347         orig_hdr_flags = wim->hdr.flags;
3348         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_IGNORE_READONLY_FLAG)
3349                 wim->hdr.flags &= ~WIM_HDR_FLAG_READONLY;
3350         ret = can_modify_wim(wim);
3351         wim->hdr.flags = orig_hdr_flags;
3352         if (ret)
3353                 return ret;
3354
3355         if (can_overwrite_wim_inplace(wim, write_flags)) {
3356                 ret = overwrite_wim_inplace(wim, write_flags, num_threads);
3357                 if (ret != WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER)
3358                         return ret;
3359                 WARNING("Falling back to re-building entire WIM");
3360         }
3361         if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_UNSAFE_COMPACT)
3362                 return WIMLIB_ERR_COMPACTION_NOT_POSSIBLE;
3363         return overwrite_wim_via_tmpfile(wim, write_flags, num_threads);
3364 }