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   1 /*
   2  * win32.c
   3  *
   4  * All the library code specific to native Windows builds is in here.
   5  */
   6
   7 /*
   8  * Copyright (C) 2013 Eric Biggers
   9  *
  10  * This file is part of wimlib, a library for working with WIM files.
  11  *
  12  * wimlib is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
  13  * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
  14  * Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
  15  * any later version.
  16  *
  17  * wimlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
  18  * WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
  19  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
  20  * details.
  21  *
  22  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  23  * along with wimlib; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
  24  */
  25
  26 #ifdef __WIN32__
  27
  28 #include "config.h"
  29 #include <windows.h>
  30 #include <ntdef.h>
  31 #include <wchar.h>
  32 #include <shlwapi.h> /* shlwapi.h for PathMatchSpecW() */
  33 #ifdef ERROR /* windows.h defines this */
  34 #  undef ERROR
  35 #endif
  36
  37 #include "win32.h"
  38 #include "dentry.h"
  39 #include "lookup_table.h"
  40 #include "security.h"
  41 #include "endianness.h"
  42 #include <pthread.h>
  43
  44 #include <errno.h>
  45
  46 #define MAX_GET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS 1
  47 #define MAX_GET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS 1
  48 struct win32_capture_state {
  49         unsigned long num_get_sd_access_denied;
  50         unsigned long num_get_sacl_priv_notheld;
  51 };
  52
  53 #define MAX_SET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS 1
  54 #define MAX_SET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS 1
  55
  56 #ifdef ENABLE_ERROR_MESSAGES
  57 static void
  58 win32_error(u32 err_code)
  59 {
  60         wchar_t *buffer;
  61         DWORD nchars;
  62         nchars = FormatMessageW(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
  63                                     FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER,
  64                                 NULL, err_code, 0,
  65                                 (wchar_t*)&buffer, 0, NULL);
  66         if (nchars == 0) {
  67                 ERROR("Error printing error message! "
  68                       "Computer will self-destruct in 3 seconds.");
  69         } else {
  70                 ERROR("Win32 error: %ls", buffer);
  71                 LocalFree(buffer);
  72         }
  73 }
  74 #else /* ENABLE_ERROR_MESSAGES */
  75 #  define win32_error(err_code)
  76 #endif /* !ENABLE_ERROR_MESSAGES */
  77
  78 /* Pointers to functions that are not available on all targetted versions of
  79  * Windows (XP and later).  NOTE: The WINAPI annotations seem to be important; I
  80  * assume it specifies a certain calling convention. */
  81
  82 /* Vista and later */
  83 static HANDLE (WINAPI *win32func_FindFirstStreamW)(LPCWSTR lpFileName,
  84                                             STREAM_INFO_LEVELS InfoLevel,
  85                                             LPVOID lpFindStreamData,
  86                                             DWORD dwFlags) = NULL;
  87
  88 /* Vista and later */
  89 static BOOL (WINAPI *win32func_FindNextStreamW)(HANDLE hFindStream,
  90                                          LPVOID lpFindStreamData) = NULL;
  91
  92 static HMODULE hKernel32 = NULL;
  93
  94 /* Try to dynamically load some functions */
  95 void
  96 win32_global_init()
  97 {
  98         DWORD err;
  99
 100         if (hKernel32 == NULL) {
 101                 DEBUG("Loading Kernel32.dll");
 102                 hKernel32 = LoadLibraryW(L"Kernel32.dll");
 103                 if (hKernel32 == NULL) {
 104                         err = GetLastError();
 105                         WARNING("Can't load Kernel32.dll");
 106                         win32_error(err);
 107                         return;
 108                 }
 109         }
 110
 111         DEBUG("Looking for FindFirstStreamW");
 112         win32func_FindFirstStreamW = (void*)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "FindFirstStreamW");
 113         if (!win32func_FindFirstStreamW) {
 114                 WARNING("Could not find function FindFirstStreamW() in Kernel32.dll!");
 115                 WARNING("Capturing alternate data streams will not be supported.");
 116                 return;
 117         }
 118
 119         DEBUG("Looking for FindNextStreamW");
 120         win32func_FindNextStreamW = (void*)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "FindNextStreamW");
 121         if (!win32func_FindNextStreamW) {
 122                 WARNING("Could not find function FindNextStreamW() in Kernel32.dll!");
 123                 WARNING("Capturing alternate data streams will not be supported.");
 124                 win32func_FindFirstStreamW = NULL;
 125         }
 126 }
 127
 128 void
 129 win32_global_cleanup()
 130 {
 131         if (hKernel32 != NULL) {
 132                 DEBUG("Closing Kernel32.dll");
 133                 FreeLibrary(hKernel32);
 134                 hKernel32 = NULL;
 135         }
 136 }
 137
 138 static const wchar_t *capture_access_denied_msg =
 139 L"         If you are not running this program as the administrator, you may\n"
 140  "         need to do so, so that all data and metadata can be backed up.\n"
 141  "         Otherwise, there may be no way to access the desired data or\n"
 142  "         metadata without taking ownership of the file or directory.\n"
 143  ;
 144
 145 static const wchar_t *apply_access_denied_msg =
 146 L"If you are not running this program as the administrator, you may\n"
 147  "          need to do so, so that all data and metadata can be extracted\n"
 148  "          exactly as the origignal copy.  However, if you do not care that\n"
 149  "          the security descriptors are extracted correctly, you could run\n"
 150  "          `wimlib-imagex apply' with the --no-acls flag instead.\n"
 151  ;
 152
 153 static HANDLE
 154 win32_open_existing_file(const wchar_t *path, DWORD dwDesiredAccess)
 155 {
 156         return CreateFileW(path,
 157                            dwDesiredAccess,
 158                            FILE_SHARE_READ,
 159                            NULL, /* lpSecurityAttributes */
 160                            OPEN_EXISTING,
 161                            FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS |
 162                                FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT,
 163                            NULL /* hTemplateFile */);
 164 }
 165
 166 HANDLE
 167 win32_open_file_data_only(const wchar_t *path)
 168 {
 169         return win32_open_existing_file(path, FILE_READ_DATA);
 170 }
 171
 172 int
 173 read_win32_file_prefix(const struct lookup_table_entry *lte,
 174                        u64 size,
 175                        consume_data_callback_t cb,
 176                        void *ctx_or_buf,
 177                        int _ignored_flags)
 178 {
 179         int ret;
 180         void *out_buf;
 181         DWORD err;
 182         u64 bytes_remaining;
 183
 184         HANDLE hFile = win32_open_file_data_only(lte->file_on_disk);
 185         if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 186                 err = GetLastError();
 187                 ERROR("Failed to open \"%ls\"", lte->file_on_disk);
 188                 win32_error(err);
 189                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
 190                 goto out;
 191         }
 192
 193         if (cb)
 194                 out_buf = alloca(WIM_CHUNK_SIZE);
 195         else
 196                 out_buf = ctx_or_buf;
 197
 198         bytes_remaining = size;
 199         while (bytes_remaining) {
 200                 DWORD bytesToRead, bytesRead;
 201
 202                 bytesToRead = min(WIM_CHUNK_SIZE, bytes_remaining);
 203                 if (!ReadFile(h, out_buf, bytesToRead, &bytesRead, NULL) ||
 204                     bytesRead != bytesToRead)
 205                 {
 206                         err = GetLastError();
 207                         ERROR("Failed to read data from \"%ls\"", lte->file_on_disk);
 208                         win32_error(err);
 209                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 210                         goto out_close_handle;
 211                 }
 212                 bytes_remaining -= bytesRead;
 213                 if (cb) {
 214                         ret = cb(out_buf, bytesRead, ctx_or_buf);
 215                         if (ret)
 216                                 goto out_close_handle;
 217                 } else {
 218                         out_buf += bytesRead;
 219                 }
 220         }
 221 out_close_handle:
 222         CloseHandle(hFile);
 223 out:
 224         return ret;
 225 }
 226
 227 static u64
 228 FILETIME_to_u64(const FILETIME *ft)
 229 {
 230         return ((u64)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) | (u64)ft->dwLowDateTime;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int
 234 win32_get_short_name(struct wim_dentry *dentry, const wchar_t *path)
 235 {
 236         WIN32_FIND_DATAW dat;
 237         if (FindFirstFileW(path, &dat) && dat.cAlternateFileName[0] != L'\0') {
 238                 size_t short_name_nbytes = wcslen(dat.cAlternateFileName) *
 239                                            sizeof(wchar_t);
 240                 size_t n = short_name_nbytes + sizeof(wchar_t);
 241                 dentry->short_name = MALLOC(n);
 242                 if (!dentry->short_name)
 243                         return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 244                 memcpy(dentry->short_name, dat.cAlternateFileName, n);
 245                 dentry->short_name_nbytes = short_name_nbytes;
 246         }
 247         /* If we can't read the short filename for some reason, we just ignore
 248          * the error and assume the file has no short name.  I don't think this
 249          * should be an issue, since the short names are essentially obsolete
 250          * anyway. */
 251         return 0;
 252 }
 253
 254 static int
 255 win32_get_security_descriptor(struct wim_dentry *dentry,
 256                               struct sd_set *sd_set,
 257                               const wchar_t *path,
 258                               struct win32_capture_state *state,
 259                               int add_image_flags)
 260 {
 261         SECURITY_INFORMATION requestedInformation;
 262         DWORD lenNeeded = 0;
 263         BOOL status;
 264         DWORD err;
 265         unsigned long n;
 266
 267         requestedInformation = DACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
 268                                SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
 269                                OWNER_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
 270                                GROUP_SECURITY_INFORMATION;
 271 again:
 272         /* Request length of security descriptor */
 273         status = GetFileSecurityW(path, requestedInformation,
 274                                   NULL, 0, &lenNeeded);
 275         err = GetLastError();
 276         if (!status && err == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
 277                 DWORD len = lenNeeded;
 278                 char buf[len];
 279                 if (GetFileSecurityW(path, requestedInformation,
 280                                      (PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR)buf, len, &lenNeeded))
 281                 {
 282                         int security_id = sd_set_add_sd(sd_set, buf, len);
 283                         if (security_id < 0)
 284                                 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 285                         else {
 286                                 dentry->d_inode->i_security_id = security_id;
 287                                 return 0;
 288                         }
 289                 } else {
 290                         err = GetLastError();
 291                 }
 292         }
 293
 294         if (add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS)
 295                 goto fail;
 296
 297         switch (err) {
 298         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD:
 299                 if (requestedInformation & SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION) {
 300                         n = state->num_get_sacl_priv_notheld++;
 301                         requestedInformation &= ~SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION;
 302                         if (n < MAX_GET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS) {
 303                                 WARNING(
 304 "We don't have enough privileges to read the full security\n"
 305 "          descriptor of \"%ls\"!\n"
 306 "          Re-trying with SACL omitted.\n", path);
 307                         } else if (n == MAX_GET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS) {
 308                                 WARNING(
 309 "Suppressing further privileges not held error messages when reading\n"
 310 "          security descriptors.");
 311                         }
 312                         goto again;
 313                 }
 314                 /* Fall through */
 315         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 316                 n = state->num_get_sd_access_denied++;
 317                 if (n < MAX_GET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS) {
 318                         WARNING("Failed to read security descriptor of \"%ls\": "
 319                                 "Access denied!\n%ls", path, capture_access_denied_msg);
 320                 } else if (n == MAX_GET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS) {
 321                         WARNING("Suppressing further access denied errors messages i"
 322                                 "when reading security descriptors");
 323                 }
 324                 return 0;
 325         default:
 326 fail:
 327                 ERROR("Failed to read security descriptor of \"%ls\"", path);
 328                 win32_error(err);
 329                 return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 330         }
 331 }
 332
 333 static int
 334 win32_build_dentry_tree_recursive(struct wim_dentry **root_ret,
 335                                   wchar_t *path,
 336                                   size_t path_num_chars,
 337                                   struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 338                                   struct wim_inode_table *inode_table,
 339                                   struct sd_set *sd_set,
 340                                   const struct wimlib_capture_config *config,
 341                                   int add_image_flags,
 342                                   wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
 343                                   struct win32_capture_state *state);
 344
 345 /* Reads the directory entries of directory using a Win32 API and recursively
 346  * calls win32_build_dentry_tree() on them. */
 347 static int
 348 win32_recurse_directory(struct wim_dentry *root,
 349                         wchar_t *dir_path,
 350                         size_t dir_path_num_chars,
 351                         struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 352                         struct wim_inode_table *inode_table,
 353                         struct sd_set *sd_set,
 354                         const struct wimlib_capture_config *config,
 355                         int add_image_flags,
 356                         wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
 357                         struct win32_capture_state *state)
 358 {
 359         WIN32_FIND_DATAW dat;
 360         HANDLE hFind;
 361         DWORD err;
 362         int ret;
 363
 364         /* Begin reading the directory by calling FindFirstFileW.  Unlike UNIX
 365          * opendir(), FindFirstFileW has file globbing built into it.  But this
 366          * isn't what we actually want, so just add a dummy glob to get all
 367          * entries. */
 368         dir_path[dir_path_num_chars] = L'/';
 369         dir_path[dir_path_num_chars + 1] = L'*';
 370         dir_path[dir_path_num_chars + 2] = L'\0';
 371         hFind = FindFirstFileW(dir_path, &dat);
 372         dir_path[dir_path_num_chars] = L'\0';
 373
 374         if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 375                 err = GetLastError();
 376                 if (err == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
 377                         return 0;
 378                 } else {
 379                         ERROR("Failed to read directory \"%ls\"", dir_path);
 380                         win32_error(err);
 381                         return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 382                 }
 383         }
 384         ret = 0;
 385         do {
 386                 /* Skip . and .. entries */
 387                 if (dat.cFileName[0] == L'.' &&
 388                     (dat.cFileName[1] == L'\0' ||
 389                      (dat.cFileName[1] == L'.' &&
 390                       dat.cFileName[2] == L'\0')))
 391                         continue;
 392                 size_t filename_len = wcslen(dat.cFileName);
 393
 394                 dir_path[dir_path_num_chars] = L'/';
 395                 wmemcpy(dir_path + dir_path_num_chars + 1,
 396                         dat.cFileName,
 397                         filename_len + 1);
 398
 399                 struct wim_dentry *child;
 400                 size_t path_len = dir_path_num_chars + 1 + filename_len;
 401                 ret = win32_build_dentry_tree_recursive(&child,
 402                                                         dir_path,
 403                                                         path_len,
 404                                                         lookup_table,
 405                                                         inode_table,
 406                                                         sd_set,
 407                                                         config,
 408                                                         add_image_flags,
 409                                                         progress_func,
 410                                                         state);
 411                 dir_path[dir_path_num_chars] = L'\0';
 412                 if (ret)
 413                         goto out_find_close;
 414                 if (child)
 415                         dentry_add_child(root, child);
 416         } while (FindNextFileW(hFind, &dat));
 417         err = GetLastError();
 418         if (err != ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) {
 419                 ERROR("Failed to read directory \"%ls\"", dir_path);
 420                 win32_error(err);
 421                 if (ret == 0)
 422                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 423         }
 424 out_find_close:
 425         FindClose(hFind);
 426         return ret;
 427 }
 428
 429 /* Load a reparse point into a WIM inode.  It is just stored in memory.
 430  *
 431  * @hFile:  Open handle to a reparse point, with permission to read the reparse
 432  *          data.
 433  *
 434  * @inode:  WIM inode for the reparse point.
 435  *
 436  * @lookup_table:  Stream lookup table for the WIM; an entry will be added to it
 437  *                 for the reparse point unless an entry already exists for
 438  *                 the exact same data stream.
 439  *
 440  * @path:  External path to the reparse point.  Used for error messages only.
 441  *
 442  * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure. */
 443 static int
 444 win32_capture_reparse_point(HANDLE hFile,
 445                             struct wim_inode *inode,
 446                             struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 447                             const wchar_t *path)
 448 {
 449         /* "Reparse point data, including the tag and optional GUID,
 450          * cannot exceed 16 kilobytes." - MSDN  */
 451         char reparse_point_buf[16 * 1024];
 452         DWORD bytesReturned;
 453
 454         if (!DeviceIoControl(hFile, FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT,
 455                              NULL, /* "Not used with this operation; set to NULL" */
 456                              0, /* "Not used with this operation; set to 0" */
 457                              reparse_point_buf, /* "A pointer to a buffer that
 458                                                    receives the reparse point data */
 459                              sizeof(reparse_point_buf), /* "The size of the output
 460                                                            buffer, in bytes */
 461                              &bytesReturned,
 462                              NULL))
 463         {
 464                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
 465                 ERROR("Failed to get reparse data of \"%ls\"", path);
 466                 win32_error(err);
 467                 return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 468         }
 469         if (bytesReturned < 8) {
 470                 ERROR("Reparse data on \"%ls\" is invalid", path);
 471                 return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 472         }
 473         inode->i_reparse_tag = le32_to_cpu(*(u32*)reparse_point_buf);
 474         return inode_add_ads_with_data(inode, L"",
 475                                        reparse_point_buf + 8,
 476                                        bytesReturned - 8, lookup_table);
 477 }
 478
 479 /* Scans an unnamed or named stream of a Win32 file (not a reparse point
 480  * stream); calculates its SHA1 message digest and either creates a `struct
 481  * wim_lookup_table_entry' in memory for it, or uses an existing 'struct
 482  * wim_lookup_table_entry' for an identical stream.
 483  *
 484  * @path:               Path to the file (UTF-16LE).
 485  *
 486  * @path_num_chars:     Number of 2-byte characters in @path.
 487  *
 488  * @inode:              WIM inode to save the stream into.
 489  *
 490  * @lookup_table:       Stream lookup table for the WIM.
 491  *
 492  * @dat:                A `WIN32_FIND_STREAM_DATA' structure that specifies the
 493  *                      stream name.
 494  *
 495  * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
 496  */
 497 static int
 498 win32_capture_stream(const wchar_t *path,
 499                      size_t path_num_chars,
 500                      struct wim_inode *inode,
 501                      struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 502                      WIN32_FIND_STREAM_DATA *dat)
 503 {
 504         struct wim_ads_entry *ads_entry;
 505         u8 hash[SHA1_HASH_SIZE];
 506         struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
 507         int ret;
 508         wchar_t *stream_name, *colon;
 509         size_t stream_name_nchars;
 510         bool is_named_stream;
 511         wchar_t *spath;
 512         size_t spath_nchars;
 513         DWORD err;
 514         size_t spath_buf_nbytes;
 515         const wchar_t *relpath_prefix;
 516         const wchar_t *colonchar;
 517
 518         /* The stream name should be returned as :NAME:TYPE */
 519         stream_name = dat->cStreamName;
 520         if (*stream_name != L':')
 521                 goto out_invalid_stream_name;
 522         stream_name += 1;
 523         colon = wcschr(stream_name, L':');
 524         if (colon == NULL)
 525                 goto out_invalid_stream_name;
 526
 527         if (wcscmp(colon + 1, L"$DATA")) {
 528                 /* Not a DATA stream */
 529                 ret = 0;
 530                 goto out;
 531         }
 532
 533         *colon = '\0';
 534
 535         stream_name_nchars = colon - stream_name;
 536         is_named_stream = (stream_name_nchars != 0);
 537
 538         if (is_named_stream) {
 539                 /* Allocate an ADS entry for the named stream. */
 540                 ads_entry = inode_add_ads_utf16le(inode, stream_name,
 541                                                   stream_name_nchars * sizeof(wchar_t));
 542                 if (!ads_entry) {
 543                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 544                         goto out;
 545                 }
 546         }
 547
 548         /* Create a UTF-16LE string @spath that gives the filename, then a
 549          * colon, then the stream name.  Or, if it's an unnamed stream, just the
 550          * filename.  It is MALLOC()'ed so that it can be saved in the
 551          * wim_lookup_table_entry if needed.
 552          *
 553          * As yet another special case, relative paths need to be changed to
 554          * begin with an explicit "./" so that, for example, a file t:ads, where
 555          * :ads is the part we added, is not interpreted as a file on the t:
 556          * drive. */
 557         spath_nchars = path_num_chars;
 558         relpath_prefix = L"";
 559         colonchar = L"";
 560         if (is_named_stream) {
 561                 spath_nchars += 1 + stream_name_nchars;
 562                 colonchar = L":";
 563                 if (path_num_chars == 1 &&
 564                     path[0] != L'/' &&
 565                     path[0] != L'\\')
 566                 {
 567                         spath_nchars += 2;
 568                         relpath_prefix = L"./";
 569                 }
 570         }
 571
 572         spath_buf_nbytes = (spath_nchars + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t);
 573         spath = MALLOC(spath_buf_nbytes);
 574
 575         swprintf(spath, L"%ls%ls%ls%ls",
 576                  relpath_prefix, path, colonchar, stream_name);
 577
 578         /* Make a new wim_lookup_table_entry */
 579         lte = new_lookup_table_entry();
 580         if (!lte) {
 581                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 582                 goto out_free_spath;
 583         }
 584         lte->file_on_disk = spath;
 585         spath = NULL;
 586         lte->resource_location = RESOURCE_WIN32;
 587         lte->resource_entry.original_size = (u64)dat->StreamSize.QuadPart;
 588
 589         u32 stream_id;
 590         if (is_named_stream) {
 591                 stream_id = ads_entry->stream_id;
 592                 ads_entry->lte = lte;
 593         } else {
 594                 stream_id = 0;
 595                 inode->i_lte = lte;
 596         }
 597
 598         lookup_table_insert_unhashed(lookup_table, lte, inode, stream_id);
 599 out_free_spath:
 600         FREE(spath);
 601 out:
 602         return ret;
 603 out_invalid_stream_name:
 604         ERROR("Invalid stream name: \"%ls:%ls\"", path, dat->cStreamName);
 605         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 606         goto out;
 607 }
 608
 609 /* Scans a Win32 file for unnamed and named data streams (not reparse point
 610  * streams).
 611  *
 612  * @path:               Path to the file (UTF-16LE).
 613  *
 614  * @path_num_chars:     Number of 2-byte characters in @path.
 615  *
 616  * @inode:              WIM inode to save the stream into.
 617  *
 618  * @lookup_table:       Stream lookup table for the WIM.
 619  *
 620  * @file_size:          Size of unnamed data stream.  (Used only if alternate
 621  *                      data streams API appears to be unavailable.)
 622  *
 623  * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
 624  */
 625 static int
 626 win32_capture_streams(const wchar_t *path,
 627                       size_t path_num_chars,
 628                       struct wim_inode *inode,
 629                       struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 630                       u64 file_size)
 631 {
 632         WIN32_FIND_STREAM_DATA dat;
 633         int ret;
 634         HANDLE hFind;
 635         DWORD err;
 636
 637         if (win32func_FindFirstStreamW == NULL)
 638                 goto unnamed_only;
 639
 640         hFind = win32func_FindFirstStreamW(path, FindStreamInfoStandard, &dat, 0);
 641         if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 642                 err = GetLastError();
 643
 644                 if (err == ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
 645                         goto unnamed_only;
 646
 647                 /* Seems legal for this to return ERROR_HANDLE_EOF on reparse
 648                  * points and directories */
 649                 if ((inode->i_attributes &
 650                     (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 651                     && err == ERROR_HANDLE_EOF)
 652                 {
 653                         return 0;
 654                 } else {
 655                         if (err == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
 656                                 /* XXX This maybe should be an error. */
 657                                 WARNING("Failed to look up data streams "
 658                                         "of \"%ls\": Access denied!\n%ls",
 659                                         path, capture_access_denied_msg);
 660                                 return 0;
 661                         } else {
 662                                 ERROR("Failed to look up data streams "
 663                                       "of \"%ls\"", path);
 664                                 win32_error(err);
 665                                 return WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 666                         }
 667                 }
 668         }
 669         do {
 670                 ret = win32_capture_stream(path,
 671                                            path_num_chars,
 672                                            inode, lookup_table,
 673                                            &dat);
 674                 if (ret)
 675                         goto out_find_close;
 676         } while (win32func_FindNextStreamW(hFind, &dat));
 677         err = GetLastError();
 678         if (err != ERROR_HANDLE_EOF) {
 679                 ERROR("Win32 API: Error reading data streams from \"%ls\"", path);
 680                 win32_error(err);
 681                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_READ;
 682         }
 683 out_find_close:
 684         FindClose(hFind);
 685         return ret;
 686 unnamed_only:
 687         /* FindFirstStreamW() API is not available.  Only capture the unnamed
 688          * data stream. */
 689         if (inode->i_attributes &
 690              (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 691         {
 692                 ret = 0;
 693         } else {
 694                 /* Just create our own WIN32_FIND_STREAM_DATA for an unnamed
 695                  * stream to reduce the code to a call to the
 696                  * already-implemented win32_capture_stream() */
 697                 wcscpy(dat.cStreamName, L"::$DATA");
 698                 dat.StreamSize.QuadPart = file_size;
 699                 ret = win32_capture_stream(path,
 700                                            path_num_chars,
 701                                            inode, lookup_table,
 702                                            &dat);
 703         }
 704         return ret;
 705 }
 706
 707 static int
 708 win32_build_dentry_tree_recursive(struct wim_dentry **root_ret,
 709                                   wchar_t *path,
 710                                   size_t path_num_chars,
 711                                   struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 712                                   struct wim_inode_table *inode_table,
 713                                   struct sd_set *sd_set,
 714                                   const struct wimlib_capture_config *config,
 715                                   int add_image_flags,
 716                                   wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
 717                                   struct win32_capture_state *state)
 718 {
 719         struct wim_dentry *root = NULL;
 720         struct wim_inode *inode;
 721         DWORD err;
 722         u64 file_size;
 723         int ret = 0;
 724
 725         if (exclude_path(path, path_num_chars, config, true)) {
 726                 if (add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_ROOT) {
 727                         ERROR("Cannot exclude the root directory from capture");
 728                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_CAPTURE_CONFIG;
 729                         goto out;
 730                 }
 731                 if ((add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_EXCLUDE_VERBOSE)
 732                     && progress_func)
 733                 {
 734                         union wimlib_progress_info info;
 735                         info.scan.cur_path = path;
 736                         info.scan.excluded = true;
 737                         progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_SCAN_DENTRY, &info);
 738                 }
 739                 goto out;
 740         }
 741
 742         if ((add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_VERBOSE)
 743             && progress_func)
 744         {
 745                 union wimlib_progress_info info;
 746                 info.scan.cur_path = path;
 747                 info.scan.excluded = false;
 748                 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_SCAN_DENTRY, &info);
 749         }
 750
 751         HANDLE hFile = win32_open_existing_file(path,
 752                                                 FILE_READ_DATA | FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES);
 753         if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 754                 err = GetLastError();
 755                 ERROR("Win32 API: Failed to open \"%ls\"", path);
 756                 win32_error(err);
 757                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
 758                 goto out;
 759         }
 760
 761         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION file_info;
 762         if (!GetFileInformationByHandle(hFile, &file_info)) {
 763                 err = GetLastError();
 764                 ERROR("Win32 API: Failed to get file information for \"%ls\"",
 765                       path);
 766                 win32_error(err);
 767                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_STAT;
 768                 goto out_close_handle;
 769         }
 770
 771         /* Create a WIM dentry with an associated inode, which may be shared */
 772         ret = inode_table_new_dentry(inode_table,
 773                                      path_basename_with_len(path, path_num_chars),
 774                                      ((u64)file_info.nFileIndexHigh << 32) |
 775                                          (u64)file_info.nFileIndexLow,
 776                                      file_info.dwVolumeSerialNumber,
 777                                      &root);
 778         if (ret)
 779                 goto out_close_handle;
 780
 781         ret = win32_get_short_name(root, path);
 782         if (ret)
 783                 goto out_close_handle;
 784
 785         inode = root->d_inode;
 786
 787         if (inode->i_nlink > 1) /* Shared inode; nothing more to do */
 788                 goto out_close_handle;
 789
 790         inode->i_attributes = file_info.dwFileAttributes;
 791         inode->i_creation_time = FILETIME_to_u64(&file_info.ftCreationTime);
 792         inode->i_last_write_time = FILETIME_to_u64(&file_info.ftLastWriteTime);
 793         inode->i_last_access_time = FILETIME_to_u64(&file_info.ftLastAccessTime);
 794         inode->i_resolved = 1;
 795
 796         add_image_flags &= ~(WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_ROOT | WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_SOURCE);
 797
 798         if (!(add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS)) {
 799                 ret = win32_get_security_descriptor(root, sd_set, path, state,
 800                                                     add_image_flags);
 801                 if (ret)
 802                         goto out_close_handle;
 803         }
 804
 805         file_size = ((u64)file_info.nFileSizeHigh << 32) |
 806                      (u64)file_info.nFileSizeLow;
 807
 808         if (inode_is_directory(inode)) {
 809                 /* Directory (not a reparse point) --- recurse to children */
 810
 811                 /* But first... directories may have alternate data streams that
 812                  * need to be captured. */
 813                 ret = win32_capture_streams(path,
 814                                             path_num_chars,
 815                                             inode,
 816                                             lookup_table,
 817                                             file_size);
 818                 if (ret)
 819                         goto out_close_handle;
 820                 ret = win32_recurse_directory(root,
 821                                               path,
 822                                               path_num_chars,
 823                                               lookup_table,
 824                                               inode_table,
 825                                               sd_set,
 826                                               config,
 827                                               add_image_flags,
 828                                               progress_func,
 829                                               state);
 830         } else if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 831                 /* Reparse point: save the reparse tag and data.  Alternate data
 832                  * streams are not captured, if it's even possible for a reparse
 833                  * point to have alternate data streams... */
 834                 ret = win32_capture_reparse_point(hFile,
 835                                                   inode,
 836                                                   lookup_table,
 837                                                   path);
 838         } else {
 839                 /* Not a directory, not a reparse point; capture the default
 840                  * file contents and any alternate data streams. */
 841                 ret = win32_capture_streams(path,
 842                                             path_num_chars,
 843                                             inode,
 844                                             lookup_table,
 845                                             file_size);
 846         }
 847 out_close_handle:
 848         CloseHandle(hFile);
 849 out:
 850         if (ret == 0)
 851                 *root_ret = root;
 852         else
 853                 free_dentry_tree(root, lookup_table);
 854         return ret;
 855 }
 856
 857 static void
 858 win32_do_capture_warnings(const struct win32_capture_state *state,
 859                           int add_image_flags)
 860 {
 861         if (state->num_get_sacl_priv_notheld == 0 &&
 862             state->num_get_sd_access_denied == 0)
 863                 return;
 864
 865         WARNING("");
 866         WARNING("Built dentry tree successfully, but with the following problem(s):");
 867         if (state->num_get_sacl_priv_notheld != 0) {
 868                 WARNING("Could not capture SACL (System Access Control List)\n"
 869                         "          on %lu files or directories.",
 870                         state->num_get_sacl_priv_notheld);
 871         }
 872         if (state->num_get_sd_access_denied != 0) {
 873                 WARNING("Could not capture security descriptor at all\n"
 874                         "          on %lu files or directories.",
 875                         state->num_get_sd_access_denied);
 876         }
 877         WARNING(
 878           "Try running the program as the Administrator to make sure all the\n"
 879 "          desired metadata has been captured exactly.  However, if you\n"
 880 "          do not care about capturing security descriptors correctly, then\n"
 881 "          nothing more needs to be done%ls\n",
 882         (add_image_flags & WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_NO_ACLS) ? L"." :
 883          L", although you might consider\n"
 884 "          passing the --no-acls flag to `wimlib-imagex capture' or\n"
 885 "          `wimlib-imagex append' to explicitly capture no security\n"
 886 "          descriptors.\n");
 887 }
 888
 889 /* Win32 version of capturing a directory tree */
 890 int
 891 win32_build_dentry_tree(struct wim_dentry **root_ret,
 892                         const wchar_t *root_disk_path,
 893                         struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
 894                         struct wim_inode_table *inode_table,
 895                         struct sd_set *sd_set,
 896                         const struct wimlib_capture_config *config,
 897                         int add_image_flags,
 898                         wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
 899                         void *extra_arg)
 900 {
 901         size_t path_nchars;
 902         wchar_t *path;
 903         int ret;
 904         struct win32_capture_state state;
 905
 906         path_nchars = wcslen(root_disk_path);
 907         if (path_nchars > 32767)
 908                 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
 909
 910         /* There is no check for overflow later when this buffer is being used!
 911          * But the max path length on NTFS is 32767 characters, and paths need
 912          * to be written specially to even go past 260 characters, so we should
 913          * be okay with 32770 characters. */
 914         path = MALLOC(32770 * sizeof(wchar_t));
 915         if (!path)
 916                 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
 917
 918         wmemcpy(path, root_disk_path, path_nchars + 1);
 919
 920         memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
 921         ret = win32_build_dentry_tree_recursive(root_ret,
 922                                                 path,
 923                                                 path_nchars,
 924                                                 lookup_table,
 925                                                 inode_table,
 926                                                 sd_set,
 927                                                 config,
 928                                                 add_image_flags,
 929                                                 progress_func,
 930                                                 &state);
 931         FREE(path);
 932         if (ret == 0)
 933                 win32_do_capture_warnings(&state, add_image_flags);
 934         return ret;
 935 }
 936
 937 static int
 938 win32_set_reparse_data(HANDLE h,
 939                        u32 reparse_tag,
 940                        const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
 941                        const wchar_t *path)
 942 {
 943         int ret;
 944         u8 *buf;
 945         size_t len;
 946
 947         if (!lte) {
 948                 WARNING("\"%ls\" is marked as a reparse point but had no reparse data",
 949                         path);
 950                 return 0;
 951         }
 952         len = wim_resource_size(lte);
 953         if (len > 16 * 1024 - 8) {
 954                 WARNING("\"%ls\": reparse data too long!", path);
 955                 return 0;
 956         }
 957
 958         /* The WIM stream omits the ReparseTag and ReparseDataLength fields, so
 959          * leave 8 bytes of space for them at the beginning of the buffer, then
 960          * set them manually. */
 961         buf = alloca(len + 8);
 962         ret = read_full_wim_resource(lte, buf + 8, 0);
 963         if (ret)
 964                 return ret;
 965         *(u32*)(buf + 0) = cpu_to_le32(reparse_tag);
 966         *(u16*)(buf + 4) = cpu_to_le16(len);
 967         *(u16*)(buf + 6) = 0;
 968
 969         /* Set the reparse data on the open file using the
 970          * FSCTL_SET_REPARSE_POINT ioctl.
 971          *
 972          * There are contradictions in Microsoft's documentation for this:
 973          *
 974          * "If hDevice was opened without specifying FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
 975          * lpOverlapped is ignored."
 976          *
 977          * --- So setting lpOverlapped to NULL is okay since it's ignored.
 978          *
 979          * "If lpOverlapped is NULL, lpBytesReturned cannot be NULL. Even when an
 980          * operation returns no output data and lpOutBuffer is NULL,
 981          * DeviceIoControl makes use of lpBytesReturned. After such an
 982          * operation, the value of lpBytesReturned is meaningless."
 983          *
 984          * --- So lpOverlapped not really ignored, as it affects another
 985          *  parameter.  This is the actual behavior: lpBytesReturned must be
 986          *  specified, even though lpBytesReturned is documented as:
 987          *
 988          *  "Not used with this operation; set to NULL."
 989          */
 990         DWORD bytesReturned;
 991         if (!DeviceIoControl(h, FSCTL_SET_REPARSE_POINT, buf, len + 8,
 992                              NULL, 0,
 993                              &bytesReturned /* lpBytesReturned */,
 994                              NULL /* lpOverlapped */))
 995         {
 996                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
 997                 ERROR("Failed to set reparse data on \"%ls\"", path);
 998                 win32_error(err);
 999                 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1000         }
1001         return 0;
1002 }
1003
1004 static int
1005 win32_set_compressed(HANDLE hFile, const wchar_t *path)
1006 {
1007         USHORT format = COMPRESSION_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
1008         DWORD bytesReturned = 0;
1009         if (!DeviceIoControl(hFile, FSCTL_SET_COMPRESSION,
1010                              &format, sizeof(USHORT),
1011                              NULL, 0,
1012                              &bytesReturned, NULL))
1013         {
1014                 /* Warning only */
1015                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
1016                 WARNING("Failed to set compression flag on \"%ls\"", path);
1017                 win32_error(err);
1018         }
1019         return 0;
1020 }
1021
1022 static int
1023 win32_set_sparse(HANDLE hFile, const wchar_t *path)
1024 {
1025         DWORD bytesReturned = 0;
1026         if (!DeviceIoControl(hFile, FSCTL_SET_SPARSE,
1027                              NULL, 0,
1028                              NULL, 0,
1029                              &bytesReturned, NULL))
1030         {
1031                 /* Warning only */
1032                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
1033                 WARNING("Failed to set sparse flag on \"%ls\"", path);
1034                 win32_error(err);
1035         }
1036         return 0;
1037 }
1038
1039 /*
1040  * Sets the security descriptor on an extracted file.
1041  */
1042 static int
1043 win32_set_security_data(const struct wim_inode *inode,
1044                         const wchar_t *path,
1045                         struct apply_args *args)
1046 {
1047         PSECURITY_DESCRIPTOR descriptor;
1048         unsigned long n;
1049         DWORD err;
1050
1051         descriptor = wim_const_security_data(args->w)->descriptors[inode->i_security_id];
1052
1053         SECURITY_INFORMATION securityInformation = DACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
1054                                                    SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
1055                                                    OWNER_SECURITY_INFORMATION |
1056                                                    GROUP_SECURITY_INFORMATION;
1057 again:
1058         if (SetFileSecurityW(path, securityInformation, descriptor))
1059                 return 0;
1060         err = GetLastError();
1061         if (args->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_STRICT_ACLS)
1062                 goto fail;
1063         switch (err) {
1064         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD:
1065                 if (securityInformation & SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION) {
1066                         n = args->num_set_sacl_priv_notheld++;
1067                         securityInformation &= ~SACL_SECURITY_INFORMATION;
1068                         if (n < MAX_SET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS) {
1069                                 WARNING(
1070 "We don't have enough privileges to set the full security\n"
1071 "          descriptor on \"%ls\"!\n", path);
1072                                 if (args->num_set_sd_access_denied +
1073                                     args->num_set_sacl_priv_notheld == 1)
1074                                 {
1075                                         WARNING("%ls", apply_access_denied_msg);
1076                                 }
1077                                 WARNING("Re-trying with SACL omitted.\n", path);
1078                         } else if (n == MAX_GET_SACL_PRIV_NOTHELD_WARNINGS) {
1079                                 WARNING(
1080 "Suppressing further 'privileges not held' error messages when setting\n"
1081 "          security descriptors.");
1082                         }
1083                         goto again;
1084                 }
1085                 /* Fall through */
1086         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER:
1087         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
1088                 n = args->num_set_sd_access_denied++;
1089                 if (n < MAX_SET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS) {
1090                         WARNING("Failed to set security descriptor on \"%ls\": "
1091                                 "Access denied!\n", path);
1092                         if (args->num_set_sd_access_denied +
1093                             args->num_set_sacl_priv_notheld == 1)
1094                         {
1095                                 WARNING("%ls", apply_access_denied_msg);
1096                         }
1097                 } else if (n == MAX_SET_SD_ACCESS_DENIED_WARNINGS) {
1098                         WARNING(
1099 "Suppressing further access denied error messages when setting\n"
1100 "          security descriptors");
1101                 }
1102                 return 0;
1103         default:
1104 fail:
1105                 ERROR("Failed to set security descriptor on \"%ls\"", path);
1106                 win32_error(err);
1107                 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1108         }
1109 }
1110
1111
1112 static int
1113 win32_extract_chunk(const void *buf, size_t len, u64 offset, void *arg)
1114 {
1115         HANDLE hStream = arg;
1116
1117         DWORD nbytes_written;
1118         wimlib_assert(len <= 0xffffffff);
1119
1120         if (!WriteFile(hStream, buf, len, &nbytes_written, NULL) ||
1121             nbytes_written != len)
1122         {
1123                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
1124                 ERROR("WriteFile(): write error");
1125                 win32_error(err);
1126                 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1127         }
1128         return 0;
1129 }
1130
1131 static int
1132 do_win32_extract_stream(HANDLE hStream, struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte)
1133 {
1134         return extract_wim_resource(lte, wim_resource_size(lte),
1135                                     win32_extract_chunk, hStream);
1136 }
1137
1138 static bool
1139 path_is_root_of_drive(const wchar_t *path)
1140 {
1141         if (!*path)
1142                 return false;
1143
1144         if (*path != L'/' && *path != L'\\') {
1145                 if (*(path + 1) == L':')
1146                         path += 2;
1147                 else
1148                         return false;
1149         }
1150         while (*path == L'/' || *path == L'\\')
1151                 path++;
1152         return (*path == L'\0');
1153 }
1154
1155 static DWORD
1156 win32_get_create_flags_and_attributes(DWORD i_attributes)
1157 {
1158         DWORD attributes;
1159
1160         /*
1161          * Some attributes cannot be set by passing them to CreateFile().  In
1162          * particular:
1163          *
1164          * FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY:
1165          *   CreateDirectory() must be called instead of CreateFile().
1166          *
1167          * FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE:
1168          *   Needs an ioctl.
1169          *   See: win32_set_sparse().
1170          *
1171          * FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED:
1172          *   Not clear from the documentation, but apparently this needs an
1173          *   ioctl as well.
1174          *   See: win32_set_compressed().
1175          *
1176          * FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT:
1177          *   Needs an ioctl, with the reparse data specified.
1178          *   See: win32_set_reparse_data().
1179          *
1180          * In addition, clear any file flags in the attributes that we don't
1181          * want, but also specify FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT and
1182          * FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS as we are a backup application.
1183          */
1184         attributes = i_attributes & ~(FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE |
1185                                       FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED |
1186                                       FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT |
1187                                       FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY |
1188                                       FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE |
1189                                       FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING |
1190                                       FILE_FLAG_OPEN_NO_RECALL |
1191                                       FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED |
1192                                       FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS |
1193                                       /*FILE_FLAG_SESSION_AWARE |*/
1194                                       FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN |
1195                                       FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH);
1196         return attributes |
1197                FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT |
1198                FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS;
1199 }
1200
1201 static bool
1202 inode_has_special_attributes(const struct wim_inode *inode)
1203 {
1204         return (inode->i_attributes & (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED |
1205                                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT |
1206                                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE)) != 0;
1207 }
1208
1209 static int
1210 win32_set_special_attributes(HANDLE hFile, const struct wim_inode *inode,
1211                              struct wim_lookup_table_entry *unnamed_stream_lte,
1212                              const wchar_t *path)
1213 {
1214         int ret;
1215
1216         if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
1217                 DEBUG("Setting reparse data on \"%ls\"", path);
1218                 ret = win32_set_reparse_data(hFile, inode->i_reparse_tag,
1219                                              unnamed_stream_lte, path);
1220                 if (ret)
1221                         return ret;
1222         }
1223
1224         if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED) {
1225                 DEBUG("Setting compression flag on \"%ls\"", path);
1226                 ret = win32_set_compressed(hFile, path);
1227                 if (ret)
1228                         return ret;
1229         }
1230
1231         if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE) {
1232                 DEBUG("Setting sparse flag on \"%ls\"", path);
1233                 ret = win32_set_sparse(hFile, path);
1234                 if (ret)
1235                         return ret;
1236         }
1237         return 0;
1238 }
1239
1240 static int
1241 win32_extract_stream(const struct wim_inode *inode,
1242                      const wchar_t *path,
1243                      const wchar_t *stream_name_utf16,
1244                      struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte)
1245 {
1246         wchar_t *stream_path;
1247         HANDLE h;
1248         int ret;
1249         DWORD err;
1250         DWORD creationDisposition = CREATE_ALWAYS;
1251
1252         if (stream_name_utf16) {
1253                 /* Named stream.  Create a buffer that contains the UTF-16LE
1254                  * string [.\]@path:@stream_name_utf16.  This is needed to
1255                  * create and open the stream using CreateFileW().  I'm not
1256                  * aware of any other APIs to do this.  Note: the '$DATA' suffix
1257                  * seems to be unneeded.  Additional note: a "./" prefix needs
1258                  * to be added when the path is not absolute to avoid ambiguity
1259                  * with drive letters. */
1260                 size_t stream_path_nchars;
1261                 size_t path_nchars;
1262                 size_t stream_name_nchars;
1263                 const wchar_t *prefix;
1264
1265                 path_nchars = wcslen(path);
1266                 stream_name_nchars = wcslen(stream_name_utf16);
1267                 stream_path_nchars = path_nchars + 1 + stream_name_nchars;
1268                 if (path[0] != cpu_to_le16(L'\0') &&
1269                     path[0] != cpu_to_le16(L'/') &&
1270                     path[0] != cpu_to_le16(L'\\') &&
1271                     path[1] != cpu_to_le16(L':'))
1272                 {
1273                         prefix = L"./";
1274                         stream_path_nchars += 2;
1275                 } else {
1276                         prefix = L"";
1277                 }
1278                 stream_path = alloca((stream_path_nchars + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1279                 swprintf(stream_path, L"%ls%ls:%ls",
1280                          prefix, path, stream_name_utf16);
1281         } else {
1282                 /* Unnamed stream; its path is just the path to the file itself.
1283                  * */
1284                 stream_path = (wchar_t*)path;
1285
1286                 /* Directories must be created with CreateDirectoryW().  Then
1287                  * the call to CreateFileW() will merely open the directory that
1288                  * was already created rather than creating a new file. */
1289                 if (inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1290                         if (!CreateDirectoryW(stream_path, NULL)) {
1291                                 err = GetLastError();
1292                                 switch (err) {
1293                                 case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS:
1294                                         break;
1295                                 case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
1296                                         if (path_is_root_of_drive(path))
1297                                                 break;
1298                                         /* Fall through */
1299                                 default:
1300                                         ERROR("Failed to create directory \"%ls\"",
1301                                               stream_path);
1302                                         win32_error(err);
1303                                         ret = WIMLIB_ERR_MKDIR;
1304                                         goto fail;
1305                                 }
1306                         }
1307                         DEBUG("Created directory \"%ls\"", stream_path);
1308                         if (!inode_has_special_attributes(inode)) {
1309                                 ret = 0;
1310                                 goto out;
1311                         }
1312                         creationDisposition = OPEN_EXISTING;
1313                 }
1314         }
1315
1316         DEBUG("Opening \"%ls\"", stream_path);
1317         h = CreateFileW(stream_path,
1318                         GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
1319                         0,
1320                         NULL,
1321                         creationDisposition,
1322                         win32_get_create_flags_and_attributes(inode->i_attributes),
1323                         NULL);
1324         if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1325                 err = GetLastError();
1326                 ERROR("Failed to create \"%ls\"", stream_path);
1327                 win32_error(err);
1328                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
1329                 goto fail;
1330         }
1331
1332         if (stream_name_utf16 == NULL && inode_has_special_attributes(inode)) {
1333                 ret = win32_set_special_attributes(h, inode, lte, path);
1334                 if (ret)
1335                         goto fail_close_handle;
1336         }
1337
1338         if (!(inode->i_attributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT)) {
1339                 if (lte) {
1340                         DEBUG("Extracting \"%ls\" (len = %"PRIu64")",
1341                               stream_path, wim_resource_size(lte));
1342                         ret = do_win32_extract_stream(h, lte);
1343                         if (ret)
1344                                 goto fail_close_handle;
1345                 }
1346         }
1347
1348         DEBUG("Closing \"%ls\"", stream_path);
1349         if (!CloseHandle(h)) {
1350                 err = GetLastError();
1351                 ERROR("Failed to close \"%ls\"", stream_path);
1352                 win32_error(err);
1353                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1354                 goto fail;
1355         }
1356         ret = 0;
1357         goto out;
1358 fail_close_handle:
1359         CloseHandle(h);
1360 fail:
1361         ERROR("Error extracting %ls", stream_path);
1362 out:
1363         return ret;
1364 }
1365
1366 /*
1367  * Creates a file, directory, or reparse point and extracts all streams to it
1368  * (unnamed data stream and/or reparse point stream, plus any alternate data
1369  * streams).  This in Win32-specific code.
1370  *
1371  * @inode:      WIM inode for this file or directory.
1372  * @path:       UTF-16LE external path to extract the inode to.
1373  *
1374  * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
1375  */
1376 static int
1377 win32_extract_streams(const struct wim_inode *inode,
1378                       const wchar_t *path, u64 *completed_bytes_p)
1379 {
1380         struct wim_lookup_table_entry *unnamed_lte;
1381         int ret;
1382
1383         unnamed_lte = inode_unnamed_lte_resolved(inode);
1384         ret = win32_extract_stream(inode, path, NULL, unnamed_lte);
1385         if (ret)
1386                 goto out;
1387         if (unnamed_lte)
1388                 *completed_bytes_p += wim_resource_size(unnamed_lte);
1389         for (u16 i = 0; i < inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
1390                 const struct wim_ads_entry *ads_entry = &inode->i_ads_entries[i];
1391                 if (ads_entry->stream_name_nbytes != 0) {
1392                         /* Skip special UNIX data entries (see documentation for
1393                          * WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_UNIX_DATA) */
1394                         if (ads_entry->stream_name_nbytes == WIMLIB_UNIX_DATA_TAG_UTF16LE_NBYTES
1395                             && !memcmp(ads_entry->stream_name,
1396                                        WIMLIB_UNIX_DATA_TAG_UTF16LE,
1397                                        WIMLIB_UNIX_DATA_TAG_UTF16LE_NBYTES))
1398                                 continue;
1399                         ret = win32_extract_stream(inode,
1400                                                    path,
1401                                                    ads_entry->stream_name,
1402                                                    ads_entry->lte);
1403                         if (ret)
1404                                 break;
1405                         if (ads_entry->lte)
1406                                 *completed_bytes_p += wim_resource_size(ads_entry->lte);
1407                 }
1408         }
1409 out:
1410         return ret;
1411 }
1412
1413 /* Extract a file, directory, reparse point, or hard link to an
1414  * already-extracted file using the Win32 API */
1415 int
1416 win32_do_apply_dentry(const wchar_t *output_path,
1417                       size_t output_path_num_chars,
1418                       struct wim_dentry *dentry,
1419                       struct apply_args *args)
1420 {
1421         int ret;
1422         struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1423         DWORD err;
1424
1425         if (inode->i_nlink > 1 && inode->i_extracted_file != NULL) {
1426                 /* Linked file, with another name already extracted.  Create a
1427                  * hard link. */
1428                 DEBUG("Creating hard link \"%ls => %ls\"",
1429                       output_path, inode->i_extracted_file);
1430                 if (!CreateHardLinkW(output_path, inode->i_extracted_file, NULL)) {
1431                         err = GetLastError();
1432                         ERROR("Can't create hard link \"%ls => %ls\"",
1433                               output_path, inode->i_extracted_file);
1434                         win32_error(err);
1435                         return WIMLIB_ERR_LINK;
1436                 }
1437         } else {
1438                 /* Create the file, directory, or reparse point, and extract the
1439                  * data streams. */
1440                 ret = win32_extract_streams(inode, output_path,
1441                                             &args->progress.extract.completed_bytes);
1442                 if (ret)
1443                         return ret;
1444
1445                 if (inode->i_security_id >= 0 &&
1446                     !(args->extract_flags & WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_ACLS))
1447                 {
1448                         ret = win32_set_security_data(inode, output_path, args);
1449                         if (ret)
1450                                 return ret;
1451                 }
1452                 if (inode->i_nlink > 1) {
1453                         /* Save extracted path for a later call to
1454                          * CreateHardLinkW() if this inode has multiple links.
1455                          * */
1456                         inode->i_extracted_file = WSTRDUP(output_path);
1457                         if (!inode->i_extracted_file)
1458                                 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
1459                 }
1460         }
1461         return 0;
1462 }
1463
1464 /* Set timestamps on an extracted file using the Win32 API */
1465 int
1466 win32_do_apply_dentry_timestamps(const wchar_t *path,
1467                                  size_t path_num_chars,
1468                                  const struct wim_dentry *dentry,
1469                                  const struct apply_args *args)
1470 {
1471         DWORD err;
1472         HANDLE h;
1473         const struct wim_inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
1474
1475         DEBUG("Opening \"%ls\" to set timestamps", path);
1476         h = win32_open_existing_file(path, FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES);
1477         if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1478                 err = GetLastError();
1479                 goto fail;
1480         }
1481
1482         FILETIME creationTime = {.dwLowDateTime = inode->i_creation_time & 0xffffffff,
1483                                  .dwHighDateTime = inode->i_creation_time >> 32};
1484         FILETIME lastAccessTime = {.dwLowDateTime = inode->i_last_access_time & 0xffffffff,
1485                                   .dwHighDateTime = inode->i_last_access_time >> 32};
1486         FILETIME lastWriteTime = {.dwLowDateTime = inode->i_last_write_time & 0xffffffff,
1487                                   .dwHighDateTime = inode->i_last_write_time >> 32};
1488
1489         DEBUG("Calling SetFileTime() on \"%ls\"", path);
1490         if (!SetFileTime(h, &creationTime, &lastAccessTime, &lastWriteTime)) {
1491                 err = GetLastError();
1492                 CloseHandle(h);
1493                 goto fail;
1494         }
1495         DEBUG("Closing \"%ls\"", path);
1496         if (!CloseHandle(h)) {
1497                 err = GetLastError();
1498                 goto fail;
1499         }
1500         goto out;
1501 fail:
1502         /* Only warn if setting timestamps failed; still return 0. */
1503         WARNING("Can't set timestamps on \"%ls\"", path);
1504         win32_error(err);
1505 out:
1506         return 0;
1507 }
1508
1509 /* Replacement for POSIX fsync() */
1510 int
1511 fsync(int fd)
1512 {
1513         DWORD err;
1514         HANDLE h;
1515
1516         h = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
1517         if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1518                 err = GetLastError();
1519                 ERROR("Could not get Windows handle for file descriptor");
1520                 win32_error(err);
1521                 errno = EBADF;
1522                 return -1;
1523         }
1524         if (!FlushFileBuffers(h)) {
1525                 err = GetLastError();
1526                 ERROR("Could not flush file buffers to disk");
1527                 win32_error(err);
1528                 errno = EIO;
1529                 return -1;
1530         }
1531         return 0;
1532 }
1533
1534 /* Use the Win32 API to get the number of processors */
1535 unsigned
1536 win32_get_number_of_processors()
1537 {
1538         SYSTEM_INFO sysinfo;
1539         GetSystemInfo(&sysinfo);
1540         return sysinfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
1541 }
1542
1543 /* Replacement for POSIX-2008 realpath().  Warning: partial functionality only
1544  * (resolved_path must be NULL).   Also I highly doubt that GetFullPathName
1545  * really does the right thing under all circumstances. */
1546 wchar_t *
1547 realpath(const wchar_t *path, wchar_t *resolved_path)
1548 {
1549         DWORD ret;
1550         wimlib_assert(resolved_path == NULL);
1551         DWORD err;
1552
1553         ret = GetFullPathNameW(path, 0, NULL, NULL);
1554         if (!ret) {
1555                 err = GetLastError();
1556                 goto fail_win32;
1557         }
1558
1559         resolved_path = TMALLOC(ret);
1560         if (!resolved_path)
1561                 goto out;
1562         ret = GetFullPathNameW(path, ret, resolved_path, NULL);
1563         if (!ret) {
1564                 err = GetLastError();
1565                 free(resolved_path);
1566                 resolved_path = NULL;
1567                 goto fail_win32;
1568         }
1569         goto out;
1570 fail_win32:
1571         win32_error(err);
1572         errno = -1;
1573 out:
1574         return resolved_path;
1575 }
1576
1577 /* rename() on Windows fails if the destination file exists.  And we need to
1578  * make it work on wide characters.  Fix it. */
1579 int
1580 win32_rename_replacement(const wchar_t *oldpath, const wchar_t *newpath)
1581 {
1582         if (MoveFileExW(oldpath, newpath, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING)) {
1583                 return 0;
1584         } else {
1585                 /* As usual, the possible error values are not documented */
1586                 DWORD err = GetLastError();
1587                 ERROR("MoveFileEx(): Can't rename \"%ls\" to \"%ls\"",
1588                       oldpath, newpath);
1589                 win32_error(err);
1590                 errno = -1;
1591                 return -1;
1592         }
1593 }
1594
1595 /* Replacement for POSIX fnmatch() (partial functionality only) */
1596 int
1597 fnmatch(const wchar_t *pattern, const wchar_t *string, int flags)
1598 {
1599         if (PathMatchSpecW(string, pattern))
1600                 return 0;
1601         else
1602                 return FNM_NOMATCH;
1603 }
1604
1605 /* truncate() replacement */
1606 int
1607 win32_truncate_replacement(const wchar_t *path, off_t size)
1608 {
1609         DWORD err = NO_ERROR;
1610         LARGE_INTEGER liOffset;
1611
1612         HANDLE h = win32_open_existing_file(path, GENERIC_WRITE);
1613         if (h == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
1614                 goto fail;
1615
1616         liOffset.QuadPart = size;
1617         if (!SetFilePointerEx(h, liOffset, NULL, FILE_BEGIN))
1618                 goto fail_close_handle;
1619
1620         if (!SetEndOfFile(h))
1621                 goto fail_close_handle;
1622         CloseHandle(h);
1623         return 0;
1624
1625 fail_close_handle:
1626         err = GetLastError();
1627         CloseHandle(h);
1628 fail:
1629         if (err == NO_ERROR)
1630                 err = GetLastError();
1631         ERROR("Can't truncate \"%ls\" to %"PRIu64" bytes", path, size);
1632         win32_error(err);
1633         errno = -1;
1634         return -1;
1635 }
1636
1637
1638 /* This really could be replaced with _wcserror_s, but this doesn't seem to
1639  * actually be available in MSVCRT.DLL on Windows XP (perhaps it's statically
1640  * linked in by Visual Studio...?). */
1641 extern int
1642 win32_strerror_r_replacement(int errnum, wchar_t *buf, size_t buflen)
1643 {
1644         static pthread_mutex_t strerror_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
1645
1646         pthread_mutex_lock(&strerror_lock);
1647         mbstowcs(buf, strerror(errnum), buflen);
1648         buf[buflen - 1] = '\0';
1649         pthread_mutex_unlock(&strerror_lock);
1650         return 0;
1651 }
1652
1653 #endif /* __WIN32__ */