[wimlib] / src / wimlib_internal.h

/*
 * wimlib_internal.h
 *
 * Internal header for wimlib.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013 Eric Biggers
 *
 * This file is part of wimlib, a library for working with WIM files.
 *
 * wimlib is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
 * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
 * Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * wimlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
 * WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
 * details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with wimlib; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
 */

#ifndef _WIMLIB_INTERNAL_H
#define _WIMLIB_INTERNAL_H

#include "config.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "list.h"
#include "wimlib.h"

#if defined(WITH_FUSE) || defined(ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION)
#include <pthread.h>
#endif

#define WIMLIB_MAKEVERSION(major, minor, patch) \
        ((major << 20) | (minor << 10) | patch)


#define WIMLIB_VERSION_CODE \
                WIMLIB_MAKEVERSION(WIMLIB_MAJOR_VERSION,\
                                   WIMLIB_MINOR_VERSION,\
                                   WIMLIB_PATCH_VERSION)

#define WIMLIB_GET_PATCH_VERSION(version) \
        ((version >> 0) & ((1 << 10) - 1))
#define WIMLIB_GET_MINOR_VERSION(version) \
        ((version >> 10) & ((1 << 10) - 1))
#define WIMLIB_GET_MAJOR_VERSION(version) \
        ((version >> 20) & ((1 << 10) - 1))


struct stat;
struct wim_dentry;
struct wim_inode;
struct sd_set;

#define WIM_MAGIC_LEN  8
#define WIM_GID_LEN    16
#define WIM_UNUSED_LEN 60

/* Length of the WIM header on disk. */
#define WIM_HEADER_DISK_SIZE (148 + WIM_UNUSED_LEN)

/* Compressed resources in the WIM are divided into separated compressed chunks
 * of this size. */
#define WIM_CHUNK_SIZE 32768

/* Version of the WIM file.  There is an older version, but we don't support it
 * yet.  The differences between the versions are undocumented. */
#define WIM_VERSION 0x10d00

#define REPARSE_POINT_MAX_SIZE (16 * 1024)

/* Metadata for a resource in a WIM file. */
struct resource_entry {
        /* Size, in bytes, of the resource in the WIM file. */
        u64 size  : 56;

        /* Bitwise or of one or more of the WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_* flags. */
        u64 flags : 8;

        /* Offset, in bytes, of the resource in the WIM file. */
        u64 offset;

        /* Uncompressed size of the resource in the WIM file.  Is the same as
         * @size if the resource is uncompressed. */
        u64 original_size;
};

/* Flags for the `flags' field of the struct resource_entry structure. */

/* I haven't seen this flag used in any of the WIMs I have examined.  I assume
 * it means that there are no references to the stream, so the space is free.
 * However, even after deleting files from a WIM mounted with `imagex.exe
 * /mountrw', I could not see this flag being used.  Either way, we don't
 * actually use this flag for anything. */
#define WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_FREE            0x01

/* Indicates that the stream is a metadata resource for a WIM image. */
#define WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_METADATA        0x02

/* Indicates that the stream is compressed. */
#define WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED      0x04

/* I haven't seen this flag used in any of the WIMs I have examined.  Perhaps it
 * means that a stream could possibly be split among multiple split WIM parts.
 * However, `imagex.exe /split' does not seem to create any WIMs like this.
 * Either way, we don't actually use this flag for anything.  */
#define WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_SPANNED         0x08

/* Header at the very beginning of the WIM file. */
struct wim_header {
        /* Identifies the file as WIM file. Must be exactly
         * {'M', 'S', 'W', 'I', 'M', 0, 0, 0}  */
        //u8  magic[WIM_MAGIC_LEN];

        /* size of WIM header in bytes. */
        //u32 hdr_size;

        /* Version of the WIM file.  Microsoft provides no documentation about
         * exactly what this field affects about the file format, other than the
         * fact that more recent versions have a higher value. */
        //u32 version;

        /* Bitwise OR of one or more of the WIM_HDR_FLAG_* defined below. */
        u32 flags;

        /* The size of the pieces that the uncompressed files were split up into
         * when they were compressed.  This should be the same as
         * WIM_CHUNK_SIZE.  Microsoft incorrectly documents this as "the size of
         * the compressed .wim file in bytes".*/
        //u32 chunk_size;

        /* A unique identifier for the WIM file. */
        u8 guid[WIM_GID_LEN];

        /* Part number of the WIM file in a spanned set. */
        u16 part_number;

        /* Total number of parts in a spanned set. */
        u16 total_parts;

        /* Number of images in the WIM file. */
        u32 image_count;

        /* Location, size, and flags of the lookup table of the WIM. */
        struct resource_entry lookup_table_res_entry;

        /* Location, size, and flags for the XML data of the WIM. */
        struct resource_entry xml_res_entry;

        /* Location, size, and flags for the boot metadata.  This means the
         * metadata resource for the image specified by boot_idx below.  Should
         * be zeroed out if boot_idx is 0. */
        struct resource_entry boot_metadata_res_entry;

        /* The index of the bootable image in the WIM file. If 0, there are no
         * bootable images available. */
        u32 boot_idx;

        /* The location of the optional integrity table used to verify the
         * integrity WIM.  Zeroed out if there is no integrity table.*/
        struct resource_entry integrity;

        /* Reserved for future disuse */
        //u8 unused[WIM_UNUSED_LEN];
};

/* Flags for the `flags' field of the struct wim_header: */

/* Reserved for future use */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_RESERVED           0x00000001

/* Files and metadata in the WIM are compressed. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESSION        0x00000002

/* WIM is read-only (wimlib ignores this because it's pretty much pointless) */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_READONLY           0x00000004

/* Resource data specified by images in this WIM may be contained in a different
 * WIM.  Or in other words, this WIM is part of a split WIM.  */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_SPANNED            0x00000008

/* The WIM contains resources only; no filesystem metadata.  wimlib ignores this
 * flag, as it looks for resources in all the WIMs anyway. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_RESOURCE_ONLY      0x00000010

/* The WIM contains metadata only.  wimlib ignores this flag.  Note that all the
 * metadata resources for a split WIM should be in the first part. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_METADATA_ONLY      0x00000020

/* Lock field to prevent multiple writers from writing the WIM concurrently.
 * wimlib ignores this flag as it uses flock() to acquire a real lock on the
 * file (if supported by the underlying filesystem). */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_WRITE_IN_PROGRESS  0x00000040

/* Reparse point fixup flag.  See docs for --rpfix and --norpfix in imagex, or
 * WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_{RPFIX,NORPFIX} in wimlib.h.  Note that
 * WIM_HDR_FLAG_RP_FIX is a header flag and just sets the default behavior for
 * the WIM; it can still be overridder on a per-image basis.  But there is no
 * flag to set the default behavior for a specific image. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_RP_FIX             0x00000080

/* Unused, reserved flag for another compression type */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_RESERVED  0x00010000

/* Resources within the WIM are compressed using "XPRESS" compression, which is
 * a LZ77-based compression algorithm. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_XPRESS    0x00020000

/* Resources within the WIM are compressed using "LZX" compression.  This is also
 * a LZ77-based algorithm. */
#define WIM_HDR_FLAG_COMPRESS_LZX       0x00040000

#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
struct _ntfs_volume;
#endif

/* Table of security descriptors for a WIM image. */
struct wim_security_data {
        /* The total length of the security data, in bytes.  If there are no
         * security descriptors, this field, when read from the on-disk metadata
         * resource, may be either 8 (which is correct) or 0 (which is
         * interpreted as 0). */
        u32 total_length;

        /* The number of security descriptors in the array @descriptors, below.
         * It is really an unsigned int on-disk, but it must fit into an int
         * because the security ID's are signed.  (Not like you would ever have
         * more than a few hundred security descriptors anyway.) */
        int32_t num_entries;

        /* Array of sizes of the descriptors in the array @descriptors. */
        u64 *sizes;

        /* Array of descriptors. */
        u8 **descriptors;
};

/* Metadata for a WIM image */
struct wim_image_metadata {

        /* Number of WIMStruct's that are sharing this image metadata (from
         * calls to wimlib_export_image().) */
        unsigned long refcnt;

        /* Pointer to the root dentry of the image. */
        struct wim_dentry *root_dentry;

        /* Pointer to the security data of the image. */
        struct wim_security_data *security_data;

        /* Pointer to the lookup table entry for this image's metadata resource
         */
        struct wim_lookup_table_entry *metadata_lte;

        /* Linked list of 'struct wim_inode's for this image. */
        struct list_head inode_list;

        /* Linked list of 'struct wim_lookup_table_entry's for this image that
         * are referred to in the dentry tree, but have not had a SHA1 message
         * digest calculated yet and therefore have not been inserted into the
         * WIM's lookup table.  This list is added to during wimlib_add_image()
         * and wimlib_mount_image() (read-write only). */
        struct list_head unhashed_streams;

        /* 1 iff the dentry tree has been modified.  If this is the case, the
         * memory for the dentry tree should not be freed when switching to a
         * different WIM image. */
        u8 modified : 1;

#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
        struct _ntfs_volume *ntfs_vol;
#endif
};

/* The opaque structure exposed to the wimlib API. */
struct WIMStruct {

        /* A pointer to the file indicated by @filename, opened for reading. */
        FILE *fp;

#if defined(WITH_FUSE) || defined(ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION)
        /* Extra file pointers to be used by concurrent readers */
        FILE **fp_tab;
        size_t num_allocated_fps;
        pthread_mutex_t fp_tab_mutex;
#endif

        /* FILE pointer for the WIM file (if any) currently being written. */
        FILE *out_fp;

        /* The name of the WIM file (if any) that has been opened. */
        tchar *filename;

        /* The lookup table for the WIM file. */
        struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table;

        /* Information retrieved from the XML data, arranged in an orderly
         * manner. */
        struct wim_info *wim_info;

        /* Array of the image metadata, one for each image in the WIM. */
        struct wim_image_metadata **image_metadata;

        /* The header of the WIM file. */
        struct wim_header hdr;

        /* Temporary field */
        void *private;

        /* The currently selected image, indexed starting at 1.  If not 0,
         * subtract 1 from this to get the index of the current image in the
         * image_metadata array. */
        int current_image;

        u8 deletion_occurred : 1;
        u8 all_images_verified : 1;
        u8 wim_locked : 1;
};

/* Inline utility functions for WIMStructs. */

static inline struct wim_image_metadata *
wim_get_current_image_metadata(WIMStruct *w)
{
        return w->image_metadata[w->current_image - 1];
}

static inline const struct wim_image_metadata *
wim_get_const_current_image_metadata(const WIMStruct *w)
{
        return w->image_metadata[w->current_image - 1];
}

static inline struct wim_dentry *
wim_root_dentry(WIMStruct *w)
{
        return wim_get_current_image_metadata(w)->root_dentry;
}

static inline struct wim_security_data *
wim_security_data(WIMStruct *w)
{
        return wim_get_current_image_metadata(w)->security_data;
}

static inline const struct wim_security_data *
wim_const_security_data(const WIMStruct *w)
{
        return wim_get_const_current_image_metadata(w)->security_data;
}

/* Nonzero if a struct resource_entry indicates a compressed resource. */
static inline int
resource_is_compressed(const struct resource_entry *entry)
{
        return (entry->flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED);
}

/* Iterate over each inode in a WIM image that has not yet been hashed */
#define image_for_each_inode(inode, imd) \
        list_for_each_entry(inode, &imd->inode_list, i_list)

/* Iterate over each stream in a WIM image that has not yet been hashed */
#define image_for_each_unhashed_stream(lte, imd) \
        list_for_each_entry(lte, &imd->unhashed_streams, unhashed_list)

/* Iterate over each stream in a WIM image that has not yet been hashed (safe
 * against stream removal) */
#define image_for_each_unhashed_stream_safe(lte, tmp, imd) \
        list_for_each_entry_safe(lte, tmp, &imd->unhashed_streams, unhashed_list)

#if 1
#  define copy_resource_entry(dst, src) memcpy(dst, src, sizeof(struct resource_entry))
#  define zero_resource_entry(entry) memset(entry, 0, sizeof(struct resource_entry))
#else
static inline void
copy_resource_entry(struct resource_entry *dst,
                    const struct resource_entry *src)
{
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct resource_entry) != 24);
        ((u64*)dst)[0] = ((u64*)src)[0];
        ((u64*)dst)[1] = ((u64*)src)[1];
        ((u64*)dst)[2] = ((u64*)src)[2];
}

static inline void
zero_resource_entry(struct resource_entry *entry)
{
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct resource_entry) != 24);
        ((u64*)entry)[0] = 0;
        ((u64*)entry)[1] = 0;
        ((u64*)entry)[2] = 0;
}
#endif

/* add_image.c */

/* Hash table to find inodes, given an inode number (in the case of reading
 * a WIM images), or both an inode number and a device number (in the case of
 * capturing a WIM image). */
struct wim_inode_table {
        /* Fields for the hash table */
        struct hlist_head *array;
        u64 num_entries;
        u64 capacity;

        /*
         * Linked list of "extra" inodes.  These may be:
         *
         * - inodes with link count 1, which are all allowed to have 0 for their
         *   inode number, meaning we cannot insert them into the hash table.
         *
         * - Groups we create ourselves by splitting a nominal inode due to
         *   inconsistencies in the dentries.  These inodes will share an inode
         *   number with some other inode until assign_inode_numbers() is
         *   called.
         */
        struct list_head extra_inodes;
};

/* Common parameters to implementations of building an in-memory dentry tree
 * from an on-disk directory structure. */
struct add_image_params {
        /* Pointer to the lookup table of the WIM. */
        struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table;

        /* Pointer to a hash table of inodes that have been captured for this
         * WIM image so far. */
        struct wim_inode_table *inode_table;

        /* Pointer to the set of security descriptors that have been captured
         * for this image so far. */
        struct sd_set *sd_set;

        /* Pointer to the capture configuration, which indicates whether any
         * files should be excluded from capture or not. */
        const struct wimlib_capture_config *config;

        /* Flags that affect the capture operation (WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_*) */
        int add_image_flags;

        /* If non-NULL, the user-supplied progress function. */
        wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func;

        /* Extra argument; set to point to a pointer to the ntfs_volume for
         * libntfs-3g capture.  */
        void *extra_arg;

        u64 capture_root_ino;
        u64 capture_root_dev;
};

extern bool
exclude_path(const tchar *path, size_t path_len,
             const struct wimlib_capture_config *config,
             bool exclude_prefix);

/* extract_image.c */

/* Internal use only */
#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_MULTI_IMAGE         0x80000000
#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_FLAG_NO_STREAMS          0x40000000
#define WIMLIB_EXTRACT_MASK_PUBLIC              0x3fffffff

/* hardlink.c */

extern int
init_inode_table(struct wim_inode_table *table, size_t capacity);

extern int
inode_table_new_dentry(struct wim_inode_table *table, const tchar *name,
                       u64 ino, u64 devno, struct wim_dentry **dentry_ret);

extern void
inode_ref_streams(struct wim_inode *inode);

extern void
inode_table_prepare_inode_list(struct wim_inode_table *table,
                               struct list_head *head);

static inline void
destroy_inode_table(struct wim_inode_table *table)
{
        FREE(table->array);
}


extern int
dentry_tree_fix_inodes(struct wim_dentry *root, struct list_head *inode_list);

/* header.c */

extern int
read_header(FILE *fp, struct wim_header *hdr, int split_ok);

extern int
write_header(const struct wim_header *hdr, FILE *out);

extern int
init_header(struct wim_header *hdr, int ctype);

/* integrity.c */

#define WIM_INTEGRITY_OK 0
#define WIM_INTEGRITY_NOT_OK -1
#define WIM_INTEGRITY_NONEXISTENT -2

extern int
write_integrity_table(FILE *out, struct resource_entry *integrity_res_entry,
                      off_t new_lookup_table_end,
                      off_t old_lookup_table_end,
                      wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func);

extern int
check_wim_integrity(WIMStruct *w, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func);

/* join.c */

extern int
new_joined_lookup_table(WIMStruct *w, WIMStruct **additional_swms,
                        unsigned num_additional_swms,
                        struct wim_lookup_table **table_ret);

/* metadata_resource.c */

extern int
read_metadata_resource(WIMStruct *w,
                                  struct wim_image_metadata *image_metadata);

extern int
write_metadata_resource(WIMStruct *w);

/* ntfs-apply.c */

struct apply_args {
        WIMStruct *w;
        const tchar *target;
        tchar *target_realpath;
        unsigned target_realpath_len;
        int extract_flags;
        union wimlib_progress_info progress;
        wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func;
        int (*apply_dentry)(struct wim_dentry *, void *);
        union {
        #ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
                struct {
                        /* NTFS apply only */
                        struct _ntfs_volume *vol;
                };
        #endif
                struct {
                        /* Normal apply only (UNIX) */
                        unsigned long num_utime_warnings;
                };

                struct {
                        /* Normal apply only (Win32) */
                        unsigned long num_set_sacl_priv_notheld;
                        unsigned long num_set_sd_access_denied;
                        unsigned vol_flags;
                        bool have_vol_flags;
                };
        };
};

extern int
apply_dentry_ntfs(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *arg);

extern int
apply_dentry_timestamps_ntfs(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *arg);

extern void
libntfs3g_global_init();

/* ntfs-capture.c */

typedef int (*consume_data_callback_t)(const void *buf, size_t len, void *ctx);

extern int
read_ntfs_file_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                      u64 size,
                      consume_data_callback_t cb,
                      void *ctx_or_buf,
                      int _ignored_flags);
extern int
build_dentry_tree_ntfs(struct wim_dentry **root_p,
                       const tchar *device,
                       struct add_image_params *ctx);

#ifdef WITH_NTFS_3G
extern int
do_ntfs_umount(struct _ntfs_volume *vol);
#endif

/* resource.c */

#define WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW                0x1
#define WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_THREADSAFE_READ    0x2
#define WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS         0x4

extern int
read_resource_prefix(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                     u64 size, consume_data_callback_t cb, void *ctx_or_buf,
                     int flags);

extern const void *
get_resource_entry(const void *p, struct resource_entry *entry);

extern void *
put_resource_entry(void *p, const struct resource_entry *entry);

extern int
read_uncompressed_resource(FILE *fp, u64 offset, u64 size, void *buf);

extern int
read_partial_wim_resource_into_buf(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                                   size_t size, u64 offset, void *buf,
                                   bool threadsafe);
extern int
read_full_resource_into_buf(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                            void *buf, bool thread_safe);

extern int
write_wim_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, FILE *out_fp,
                   int out_ctype, struct resource_entry *out_res_entry,
                   int flags);

extern int
extract_wim_resource(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                     u64 size,
                     consume_data_callback_t extract_chunk,
                     void *extract_chunk_arg);

extern int
extract_wim_resource_to_fd(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
                           int fd, u64 size);

extern int
sha1_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte);

extern int
copy_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *w);

/* security.c */
extern int
read_security_data(const u8 metadata_resource[],
                   u64 metadata_resource_len, struct wim_security_data **sd_p);
extern void
print_security_data(const struct wim_security_data *sd);

extern u8 *
write_security_data(const struct wim_security_data *sd, u8 *p);

extern void
free_security_data(struct wim_security_data *sd);

/* symlink.c */

#ifndef __WIN32__
ssize_t
inode_readlink(const struct wim_inode *inode, char *buf, size_t buf_len,
               const WIMStruct *w, bool threadsafe);

extern int
inode_set_symlink(struct wim_inode *inode, const char *target,
                  struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
                  struct wim_lookup_table_entry **lte_ret);
#endif

/* verify.c */

extern int
verify_dentry(struct wim_dentry *dentry, void *wim);

extern int
wim_run_full_verifications(WIMStruct *w);

extern int
verify_swm_set(WIMStruct *w,
               WIMStruct **additional_swms, unsigned num_additional_swms);

/* wim.c */

extern int
select_wim_image(WIMStruct *w, int image);

extern int
for_image(WIMStruct *w, int image, int (*visitor)(WIMStruct *));

extern void
destroy_image_metadata(struct wim_image_metadata *imd,
                       struct wim_lookup_table *table,
                       bool free_metadata_lte);

extern void
put_image_metadata(struct wim_image_metadata *imd,
                   struct wim_lookup_table *table);

extern int
append_image_metadata(WIMStruct *w, struct wim_image_metadata *imd);

extern struct wim_image_metadata *
new_image_metadata();

extern struct wim_image_metadata **
new_image_metadata_array(unsigned num_images);

extern int
wim_checksum_unhashed_streams(WIMStruct *w);

/* write.c */

/* Internal use only */
#define WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE       0x80000000
#define WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REUSE_INTEGRITY_TABLE 0x40000000
#define WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECKPOINT_AFTER_XML  0x20000000
#define WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC                0x1fffffff

/* We are capturing a tree to be placed in the root of the WIM image */
#define WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_ROOT      0x80000000

/* We are capturing a dentry that will become the root of a tree to be added to
 * the WIM image */
#define WIMLIB_ADD_IMAGE_FLAG_SOURCE    0x40000000

extern int
begin_write(WIMStruct *w, const tchar *path, int write_flags);

extern void
close_wim_writable(WIMStruct *w);

extern int
finish_write(WIMStruct *w, int image, int write_flags,
             wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func);

#if defined(HAVE_SYS_FILE_H) && defined(HAVE_FLOCK)
extern int
lock_wim(WIMStruct *w, FILE *fp);
#else
static inline int
lock_wim(WIMStruct *w, FILE *fp)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

#endif /* _WIMLIB_INTERNAL_H */