4 * Support for writing WIM files; write a WIM file, overwrite a WIM file, write
5 * compressed file resources, etc.
9 * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013 Eric Biggers
11 * This file is part of wimlib, a library for working with WIM files.
13 * wimlib is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
14 * terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
15 * Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
18 * wimlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
19 * WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
20 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
23 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
24 * along with wimlib; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
29 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_FILE_H) && defined(HAVE_FLOCK)
30 /* On BSD, this should be included before "list.h" so that "list.h" can
31 * overwrite the LIST_HEAD macro. */
32 # include <sys/file.h>
40 #include "wimlib_internal.h"
41 #include "buffer_io.h"
43 #include "lookup_table.h"
46 #ifdef ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION
55 # include <ntfs-3g/attrib.h>
56 # include <ntfs-3g/inode.h>
57 # include <ntfs-3g/dir.h>
68 #if defined(__WIN32__) && !defined(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
69 # define INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ((HANDLE)(-1))
72 /* Chunk table that's located at the beginning of each compressed resource in
73 * the WIM. (This is not the on-disk format; the on-disk format just has an
74 * array of offsets.) */
78 u64 original_resource_size;
79 u64 bytes_per_chunk_entry;
87 * Allocates and initializes a chunk table, and reserves space for it in the
91 begin_wim_resource_chunk_tab(const struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
94 struct chunk_table **chunk_tab_ret)
96 u64 size = wim_resource_size(lte);
97 u64 num_chunks = (size + WIM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / WIM_CHUNK_SIZE;
98 size_t alloc_size = sizeof(struct chunk_table) + num_chunks * sizeof(u64);
99 struct chunk_table *chunk_tab = CALLOC(1, alloc_size);
102 ERROR("Failed to allocate chunk table for %"PRIu64" byte "
104 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
106 chunk_tab->file_offset = file_offset;
107 chunk_tab->num_chunks = num_chunks;
108 chunk_tab->original_resource_size = size;
109 chunk_tab->bytes_per_chunk_entry = (size >= (1ULL << 32)) ? 8 : 4;
110 chunk_tab->table_disk_size = chunk_tab->bytes_per_chunk_entry *
112 chunk_tab->cur_offset = 0;
113 chunk_tab->cur_offset_p = chunk_tab->offsets;
115 if (fwrite(chunk_tab, 1, chunk_tab->table_disk_size, out_fp) !=
116 chunk_tab->table_disk_size) {
117 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to write chunk table in compressed "
120 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
122 *chunk_tab_ret = chunk_tab;
127 * compress_func_t- Pointer to a function to compresses a chunk
128 * of a WIM resource. This may be either
129 * wimlib_xpress_compress() (xpress-compress.c) or
130 * wimlib_lzx_compress() (lzx-compress.c).
132 * @chunk: Uncompressed data of the chunk.
133 * @chunk_size: Size of the uncompressed chunk, in bytes.
134 * @out: Pointer to output buffer of size at least (@chunk_size - 1) bytes.
136 * Returns the size of the compressed data written to @out in bytes, or 0 if the
137 * data could not be compressed to (@chunk_size - 1) bytes or fewer.
139 * As a special requirement, the compression code is optimized for the WIM
140 * format and therefore requires (@chunk_size <= 32768).
142 * As another special requirement, the compression code will read up to 8 bytes
143 * off the end of the @chunk array for performance reasons. The values of these
144 * bytes will not affect the output of the compression, but the calling code
145 * must make sure that the buffer holding the uncompressed chunk is actually at
146 * least (@chunk_size + 8) bytes, or at least that these extra bytes are in
147 * mapped memory that will not cause a memory access violation if accessed.
149 typedef unsigned (*compress_func_t)(const void *chunk, unsigned chunk_size,
152 static compress_func_t
153 get_compress_func(int out_ctype)
155 if (out_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_LZX)
156 return wimlib_lzx_compress;
158 return wimlib_xpress_compress;
162 * Writes a chunk of a WIM resource to an output file.
164 * @chunk: Uncompressed data of the chunk.
165 * @chunk_size: Size of the chunk (<= WIM_CHUNK_SIZE)
166 * @out_fp: FILE * to write the chunk to.
167 * @compress: Compression function to use (NULL if writing uncompressed
169 * @chunk_tab: Pointer to chunk table being created. It is updated with the
170 * offset of the chunk we write.
172 * Returns 0 on success; nonzero on failure.
175 write_wim_resource_chunk(const void *chunk, unsigned chunk_size,
176 FILE *out_fp, compress_func_t compress,
177 struct chunk_table *chunk_tab)
180 unsigned out_chunk_size;
182 u8 *compressed_chunk = alloca(chunk_size);
184 out_chunk_size = compress(chunk, chunk_size, compressed_chunk);
185 if (out_chunk_size) {
186 /* Write compressed */
187 out_chunk = compressed_chunk;
189 /* Write uncompressed */
191 out_chunk_size = chunk_size;
193 *chunk_tab->cur_offset_p++ = chunk_tab->cur_offset;
194 chunk_tab->cur_offset += out_chunk_size;
196 /* Write uncompressed */
198 out_chunk_size = chunk_size;
200 if (fwrite(out_chunk, 1, out_chunk_size, out_fp) != out_chunk_size) {
201 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to write WIM resource chunk");
202 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
208 * Finishes a WIM chunk table and writes it to the output file at the correct
211 * The final size of the full compressed resource is returned in the
212 * @compressed_size_p.
215 finish_wim_resource_chunk_tab(struct chunk_table *chunk_tab,
216 FILE *out_fp, u64 *compressed_size_p)
218 size_t bytes_written;
219 if (fseeko(out_fp, chunk_tab->file_offset, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
220 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to byte %"PRIu64" of output "
221 "WIM file", chunk_tab->file_offset);
222 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
225 if (chunk_tab->bytes_per_chunk_entry == 8) {
226 array_cpu_to_le64(chunk_tab->offsets, chunk_tab->num_chunks);
228 for (u64 i = 0; i < chunk_tab->num_chunks; i++)
229 ((u32*)chunk_tab->offsets)[i] =
230 cpu_to_le32(chunk_tab->offsets[i]);
232 bytes_written = fwrite((u8*)chunk_tab->offsets +
233 chunk_tab->bytes_per_chunk_entry,
234 1, chunk_tab->table_disk_size, out_fp);
235 if (bytes_written != chunk_tab->table_disk_size) {
236 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to write chunk table in compressed "
238 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
240 if (fseeko(out_fp, 0, SEEK_END) != 0) {
241 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to end of output WIM file");
242 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
244 *compressed_size_p = chunk_tab->cur_offset + chunk_tab->table_disk_size;
249 fflush_and_ftruncate(FILE *out_fp, off_t offset)
251 if (fseeko(out_fp, offset, SEEK_SET) ||
253 ftruncate(fileno(out_fp), offset))
255 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to flush and/or truncate "
257 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
264 finalize_and_check_sha1(SHA_CTX *sha_ctx, struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte)
266 u8 md[SHA1_HASH_SIZE];
267 sha1_final(md, sha_ctx);
269 copy_hash(lte->hash, md);
270 } else if (!hashes_equal(md, lte->hash)) {
271 ERROR("WIM resource has incorrect hash!");
272 if (lte_filename_valid(lte)) {
273 ERROR("We were reading it from \"%"TS"\"; maybe "
274 "it changed while we were reading it.",
277 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_RESOURCE_HASH;
283 struct write_resource_ctx {
284 compress_func_t compress;
285 struct chunk_table *chunk_tab;
292 write_resource_cb(const void *chunk, size_t chunk_size, void *_ctx)
294 struct write_resource_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
297 sha1_update(&ctx->sha_ctx, chunk, chunk_size);
300 return write_wim_resource_chunk(chunk, chunk_size,
301 ctx->out_fp, ctx->compress,
304 if (fwrite(chunk, 1, chunk_size, ctx->out_fp) != chunk_size) {
305 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error writing to output WIM");
306 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
314 * Write a resource to an output WIM.
316 * @lte: Lookup table entry for the resource, which could be in another WIM,
317 * in an external file, or in another location.
319 * @out_fp: FILE * opened to the output WIM.
321 * @out_ctype: One of the WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_* constants to indicate
322 * which compression algorithm to use.
324 * @out_res_entry: On success, this is filled in with the offset, flags,
325 * compressed size, and uncompressed size of the resource
328 * @flags: WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS to force data to be recompressed
329 * even if it could otherwise be copied directly from the input.
331 * Additional notes: The SHA1 message digest of the uncompressed data is
332 * calculated (except when doing a raw copy --- see below). If the @unhashed
333 * flag is set on the lookup table entry, this message digest is simply copied
334 * to it; otherwise, the message digest is compared with the existing one, and
335 * the function will fail if they do not match.
338 write_wim_resource(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
339 FILE *out_fp, int out_ctype,
340 struct resource_entry *out_res_entry,
343 struct write_resource_ctx write_ctx;
349 flags &= ~WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS;
351 /* Get current position in output WIM */
352 offset = ftello(out_fp);
354 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Can't get position in output WIM");
355 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
358 /* If we are not forcing the data to be recompressed, and the input
359 * resource is located in a WIM with the same compression type as that
360 * desired other than no compression, we can simply copy the compressed
361 * data without recompressing it. This also means we must skip
362 * calculating the SHA1, as we never will see the uncompressed data. */
363 if (!(flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS) &&
364 lte->resource_location == RESOURCE_IN_WIM &&
365 out_ctype != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE &&
366 wimlib_get_compression_type(lte->wim) == out_ctype)
368 flags |= WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW;
369 write_ctx.doing_sha = false;
370 read_size = lte->resource_entry.size;
372 write_ctx.doing_sha = true;
373 sha1_init(&write_ctx.sha_ctx);
374 read_size = lte->resource_entry.original_size;
377 /* Initialize the chunk table and set the compression function if
378 * compressing the resource. */
379 if (out_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE ||
380 (flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW)) {
381 write_ctx.compress = NULL;
382 write_ctx.chunk_tab = NULL;
384 write_ctx.compress = get_compress_func(out_ctype);
385 ret = begin_wim_resource_chunk_tab(lte, out_fp,
387 &write_ctx.chunk_tab);
392 /* Write the entire resource by reading the entire resource and feeding
393 * the data through the write_resource_cb function. */
394 write_ctx.out_fp = out_fp;
396 ret = read_resource_prefix(lte, read_size,
397 write_resource_cb, &write_ctx, flags);
399 goto out_free_chunk_tab;
401 /* Verify SHA1 message digest of the resource, or set the hash for the
403 if (write_ctx.doing_sha) {
404 ret = finalize_and_check_sha1(&write_ctx.sha_ctx, lte);
406 goto out_free_chunk_tab;
409 out_res_entry->flags = lte->resource_entry.flags;
410 out_res_entry->original_size = wim_resource_size(lte);
411 out_res_entry->offset = offset;
412 if (flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RAW) {
413 /* Doing a raw write: The new compressed size is the same as
414 * the compressed size in the other WIM. */
415 new_size = lte->resource_entry.size;
416 } else if (out_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE) {
417 /* Using WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE: The new compressed size
418 * is the original size. */
419 new_size = lte->resource_entry.original_size;
420 out_res_entry->flags &= ~WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
422 /* Using a different compression type: Call
423 * finish_wim_resource_chunk_tab() and it will provide the new
424 * compressed size. */
425 ret = finish_wim_resource_chunk_tab(write_ctx.chunk_tab, out_fp,
428 goto out_free_chunk_tab;
429 if (new_size >= wim_resource_size(lte)) {
430 /* Oops! We compressed the resource to larger than the original
431 * size. Write the resource uncompressed instead. */
432 DEBUG("Compressed %"PRIu64" => %"PRIu64" bytes; "
433 "writing uncompressed instead",
434 wim_resource_size(lte), new_size);
435 ret = fflush_and_ftruncate(out_fp, offset);
437 goto out_free_chunk_tab;
438 write_ctx.compress = NULL;
439 write_ctx.doing_sha = false;
440 out_ctype = WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE;
441 goto try_write_again;
443 out_res_entry->flags |= WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
445 out_res_entry->size = new_size;
448 FREE(write_ctx.chunk_tab);
452 #ifdef ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION
454 /* Blocking shared queue (solves the producer-consumer problem) */
455 struct shared_queue {
459 unsigned filled_slots;
461 pthread_mutex_t lock;
462 pthread_cond_t msg_avail_cond;
463 pthread_cond_t space_avail_cond;
467 shared_queue_init(struct shared_queue *q, unsigned size)
469 wimlib_assert(size != 0);
470 q->array = CALLOC(sizeof(q->array[0]), size);
477 if (pthread_mutex_init(&q->lock, NULL)) {
478 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to initialize mutex");
481 if (pthread_cond_init(&q->msg_avail_cond, NULL)) {
482 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to initialize condition variable");
483 goto err_destroy_lock;
485 if (pthread_cond_init(&q->space_avail_cond, NULL)) {
486 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to initialize condition variable");
487 goto err_destroy_msg_avail_cond;
490 err_destroy_msg_avail_cond:
491 pthread_cond_destroy(&q->msg_avail_cond);
493 pthread_mutex_destroy(&q->lock);
495 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
499 shared_queue_destroy(struct shared_queue *q)
502 pthread_mutex_destroy(&q->lock);
503 pthread_cond_destroy(&q->msg_avail_cond);
504 pthread_cond_destroy(&q->space_avail_cond);
508 shared_queue_put(struct shared_queue *q, void *obj)
510 pthread_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
511 while (q->filled_slots == q->size)
512 pthread_cond_wait(&q->space_avail_cond, &q->lock);
514 q->back = (q->back + 1) % q->size;
515 q->array[q->back] = obj;
518 pthread_cond_broadcast(&q->msg_avail_cond);
519 pthread_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
523 shared_queue_get(struct shared_queue *q)
527 pthread_mutex_lock(&q->lock);
528 while (q->filled_slots == 0)
529 pthread_cond_wait(&q->msg_avail_cond, &q->lock);
531 obj = q->array[q->front];
532 q->array[q->front] = NULL;
533 q->front = (q->front + 1) % q->size;
536 pthread_cond_broadcast(&q->space_avail_cond);
537 pthread_mutex_unlock(&q->lock);
541 struct compressor_thread_params {
542 struct shared_queue *res_to_compress_queue;
543 struct shared_queue *compressed_res_queue;
544 compress_func_t compress;
547 #define MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG 2
550 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
551 u8 *uncompressed_chunks[MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG];
552 u8 *out_compressed_chunks[MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG];
553 u8 *compressed_chunks[MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG];
554 unsigned uncompressed_chunk_sizes[MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG];
555 unsigned compressed_chunk_sizes[MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG];
557 struct list_head list;
563 compress_chunks(struct message *msg, compress_func_t compress)
565 for (unsigned i = 0; i < msg->num_chunks; i++) {
566 unsigned len = compress(msg->uncompressed_chunks[i],
567 msg->uncompressed_chunk_sizes[i],
568 msg->compressed_chunks[i]);
570 /* To be written compressed */
571 msg->out_compressed_chunks[i] = msg->compressed_chunks[i];
572 msg->compressed_chunk_sizes[i] = len;
574 /* To be written uncompressed */
575 msg->out_compressed_chunks[i] = msg->uncompressed_chunks[i];
576 msg->compressed_chunk_sizes[i] = msg->uncompressed_chunk_sizes[i];
582 /* Compressor thread routine. This is a lot simpler than the main thread
583 * routine: just repeatedly get a group of chunks from the
584 * res_to_compress_queue, compress them, and put them in the
585 * compressed_res_queue. A NULL pointer indicates that the thread should stop.
588 compressor_thread_proc(void *arg)
590 struct compressor_thread_params *params = arg;
591 struct shared_queue *res_to_compress_queue = params->res_to_compress_queue;
592 struct shared_queue *compressed_res_queue = params->compressed_res_queue;
593 compress_func_t compress = params->compress;
596 DEBUG("Compressor thread ready");
597 while ((msg = shared_queue_get(res_to_compress_queue)) != NULL) {
598 compress_chunks(msg, compress);
599 shared_queue_put(compressed_res_queue, msg);
601 DEBUG("Compressor thread terminating");
604 #endif /* ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION */
607 do_write_streams_progress(union wimlib_progress_info *progress,
608 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
611 progress->write_streams.completed_bytes += size_added;
612 progress->write_streams.completed_streams++;
614 progress->write_streams.completed_bytes >= progress->write_streams._private)
616 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS,
618 if (progress->write_streams._private == progress->write_streams.total_bytes) {
619 progress->write_streams._private = ~0;
621 progress->write_streams._private =
622 min(progress->write_streams.total_bytes,
623 progress->write_streams.completed_bytes +
624 progress->write_streams.total_bytes / 100);
629 struct serial_write_stream_ctx {
632 int write_resource_flags;
636 serial_write_stream(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *_ctx)
638 struct serial_write_stream_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
639 return write_wim_resource(lte, ctx->out_fp,
640 ctx->out_ctype, <e->output_resource_entry,
641 ctx->write_resource_flags);
644 /* Write a list of streams, taking into account that some streams may be
645 * duplicates that are checksummed and discarded on the fly, and also delegating
646 * the actual writing of a stream to a function @write_stream_cb, which is
647 * passed the context @write_stream_ctx. */
649 do_write_stream_list(struct list_head *stream_list,
650 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
651 int (*write_stream_cb)(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *, void *),
652 void *write_stream_ctx,
653 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
654 union wimlib_progress_info *progress)
657 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
659 /* For each stream in @stream_list ... */
660 while (!list_empty(stream_list)) {
661 lte = container_of(stream_list->next,
662 struct wim_lookup_table_entry,
664 list_del(<e->write_streams_list);
665 if (lte->unhashed && !lte->unique_size) {
666 /* Unhashed stream that shares a size with some other
667 * stream in the WIM we are writing. The stream must be
668 * checksummed to know if we need to write it or not. */
669 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *tmp;
670 u32 orig_refcnt = lte->out_refcnt;
672 ret = hash_unhashed_stream(lte, lookup_table, &tmp);
677 /* We found a duplicate stream. */
678 if (orig_refcnt != tmp->out_refcnt) {
679 /* We have already written, or are going
680 * to write, the duplicate stream. So
681 * just skip to the next stream. */
682 DEBUG("Discarding duplicate stream of length %"PRIu64,
683 wim_resource_size(lte));
684 lte->no_progress = 0;
685 goto skip_to_progress;
690 /* Here, @lte is either a hashed stream or an unhashed stream
691 * with a unique size. In either case we know that the stream
692 * has to be written. In either case the SHA1 message digest
693 * will be calculated over the stream while writing it; however,
694 * in the former case this is done merely to check the data,
695 * while in the latter case this is done because we do not have
696 * the SHA1 message digest yet. */
697 wimlib_assert(lte->out_refcnt != 0);
699 lte->no_progress = 0;
700 ret = (*write_stream_cb)(lte, write_stream_ctx);
703 /* In parallel mode, some streams are deferred for later,
704 * serialized processing; ignore them here. */
708 list_del(<e->unhashed_list);
709 lookup_table_insert(lookup_table, lte);
713 if (!lte->no_progress) {
714 do_write_streams_progress(progress,
716 wim_resource_size(lte));
723 do_write_stream_list_serial(struct list_head *stream_list,
724 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
727 int write_resource_flags,
728 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
729 union wimlib_progress_info *progress)
731 struct serial_write_stream_ctx ctx = {
733 .out_ctype = out_ctype,
734 .write_resource_flags = write_resource_flags,
736 return do_write_stream_list(stream_list,
745 write_flags_to_resource_flags(int write_flags)
747 return (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS) ?
748 WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS : 0;
752 write_stream_list_serial(struct list_head *stream_list,
753 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
756 int write_resource_flags,
757 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
758 union wimlib_progress_info *progress)
760 DEBUG("Writing stream list (serial version)");
761 progress->write_streams.num_threads = 1;
763 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS, progress);
764 return do_write_stream_list_serial(stream_list,
768 write_resource_flags,
773 #ifdef ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION
775 write_wim_chunks(struct message *msg, FILE *out_fp,
776 struct chunk_table *chunk_tab)
778 for (unsigned i = 0; i < msg->num_chunks; i++) {
779 unsigned chunk_csize = msg->compressed_chunk_sizes[i];
781 if (fwrite(msg->out_compressed_chunks[i], 1, chunk_csize, out_fp)
784 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to write WIM chunk");
785 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
788 *chunk_tab->cur_offset_p++ = chunk_tab->cur_offset;
789 chunk_tab->cur_offset += chunk_csize;
794 struct main_writer_thread_ctx {
795 struct list_head *stream_list;
796 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table;
799 int write_resource_flags;
800 struct shared_queue *res_to_compress_queue;
801 struct shared_queue *compressed_res_queue;
803 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func;
804 union wimlib_progress_info *progress;
806 struct list_head available_msgs;
807 struct list_head outstanding_streams;
808 struct list_head serial_streams;
809 size_t num_outstanding_messages;
811 SHA_CTX next_sha_ctx;
814 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *next_lte;
816 struct message *msgs;
817 struct message *next_msg;
818 struct chunk_table *cur_chunk_tab;
822 init_message(struct message *msg)
824 for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG; i++) {
825 msg->compressed_chunks[i] = MALLOC(WIM_CHUNK_SIZE);
826 msg->uncompressed_chunks[i] = MALLOC(WIM_CHUNK_SIZE);
827 if (msg->compressed_chunks[i] == NULL ||
828 msg->uncompressed_chunks[i] == NULL)
829 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
835 destroy_message(struct message *msg)
837 for (size_t i = 0; i < MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG; i++) {
838 FREE(msg->compressed_chunks[i]);
839 FREE(msg->uncompressed_chunks[i]);
844 free_messages(struct message *msgs, size_t num_messages)
847 for (size_t i = 0; i < num_messages; i++)
848 destroy_message(&msgs[i]);
853 static struct message *
854 allocate_messages(size_t num_messages)
856 struct message *msgs;
858 msgs = CALLOC(num_messages, sizeof(struct message));
861 for (size_t i = 0; i < num_messages; i++) {
862 if (init_message(&msgs[i])) {
863 free_messages(msgs, num_messages);
871 main_writer_thread_destroy_ctx(struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx)
873 while (ctx->num_outstanding_messages--)
874 shared_queue_get(ctx->compressed_res_queue);
875 free_messages(ctx->msgs, ctx->num_messages);
876 FREE(ctx->cur_chunk_tab);
880 main_writer_thread_init_ctx(struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx)
882 /* Pre-allocate all the buffers that will be needed to do the chunk
884 ctx->msgs = allocate_messages(ctx->num_messages);
886 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
888 /* Initially, all the messages are available to use. */
889 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->available_msgs);
890 for (size_t i = 0; i < ctx->num_messages; i++)
891 list_add_tail(&ctx->msgs[i].list, &ctx->available_msgs);
893 /* outstanding_streams is the list of streams that currently have had
894 * chunks sent off for compression.
896 * The first stream in outstanding_streams is the stream that is
897 * currently being written.
899 * The last stream in outstanding_streams is the stream that is
900 * currently being read and having chunks fed to the compressor threads.
902 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->outstanding_streams);
903 ctx->num_outstanding_messages = 0;
905 ctx->next_msg = NULL;
907 /* Resources that don't need any chunks compressed are added to this
908 * list and written directly by the main thread. */
909 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->serial_streams);
911 ctx->cur_chunk_tab = NULL;
917 receive_compressed_chunks(struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx)
920 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *cur_lte;
923 wimlib_assert(!list_empty(&ctx->outstanding_streams));
924 wimlib_assert(ctx->num_outstanding_messages != 0);
926 cur_lte = container_of(ctx->outstanding_streams.next,
927 struct wim_lookup_table_entry,
928 being_compressed_list);
930 /* Get the next message from the queue and process it.
931 * The message will contain 1 or more data chunks that have been
933 msg = shared_queue_get(ctx->compressed_res_queue);
934 msg->complete = true;
935 --ctx->num_outstanding_messages;
937 /* Is this the next chunk in the current resource? If it's not
938 * (i.e., an earlier chunk in a same or different resource
939 * hasn't been compressed yet), do nothing, and keep this
940 * message around until all earlier chunks are received.
942 * Otherwise, write all the chunks we can. */
943 while (cur_lte != NULL &&
944 !list_empty(&cur_lte->msg_list)
945 && (msg = container_of(cur_lte->msg_list.next,
949 list_move(&msg->list, &ctx->available_msgs);
950 if (msg->begin_chunk == 0) {
951 /* This is the first set of chunks. Leave space
952 * for the chunk table in the output file. */
953 off_t cur_offset = ftello(ctx->out_fp);
954 if (cur_offset == -1)
955 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
956 ret = begin_wim_resource_chunk_tab(cur_lte,
959 &ctx->cur_chunk_tab);
964 /* Write the compressed chunks from the message. */
965 ret = write_wim_chunks(msg, ctx->out_fp, ctx->cur_chunk_tab);
969 /* Was this the last chunk of the stream? If so, finish
971 if (list_empty(&cur_lte->msg_list) &&
972 msg->begin_chunk + msg->num_chunks == ctx->cur_chunk_tab->num_chunks)
977 ret = finish_wim_resource_chunk_tab(ctx->cur_chunk_tab,
983 list_del(&cur_lte->being_compressed_list);
985 /* Grab the offset of this stream in the output file
986 * from the chunk table before we free it. */
987 offset = ctx->cur_chunk_tab->file_offset;
989 FREE(ctx->cur_chunk_tab);
990 ctx->cur_chunk_tab = NULL;
992 if (res_csize >= wim_resource_size(cur_lte)) {
993 /* Oops! We compressed the resource to
994 * larger than the original size. Write
995 * the resource uncompressed instead. */
996 DEBUG("Compressed %"PRIu64" => %"PRIu64" bytes; "
997 "writing uncompressed instead",
998 wim_resource_size(cur_lte), res_csize);
999 ret = fflush_and_ftruncate(ctx->out_fp, offset);
1002 ret = write_wim_resource(cur_lte,
1004 WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE,
1005 &cur_lte->output_resource_entry,
1006 ctx->write_resource_flags);
1010 cur_lte->output_resource_entry.size =
1013 cur_lte->output_resource_entry.original_size =
1014 cur_lte->resource_entry.original_size;
1016 cur_lte->output_resource_entry.offset =
1019 cur_lte->output_resource_entry.flags =
1020 cur_lte->resource_entry.flags |
1021 WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_COMPRESSED;
1024 do_write_streams_progress(ctx->progress,
1026 wim_resource_size(cur_lte));
1028 /* Since we just finished writing a stream, write any
1029 * streams that have been added to the serial_streams
1030 * list for direct writing by the main thread (e.g.
1031 * resources that don't need to be compressed because
1032 * the desired compression type is the same as the
1033 * previous compression type). */
1034 if (!list_empty(&ctx->serial_streams)) {
1035 ret = do_write_stream_list_serial(&ctx->serial_streams,
1039 ctx->write_resource_flags,
1046 /* Advance to the next stream to write. */
1047 if (list_empty(&ctx->outstanding_streams)) {
1050 cur_lte = container_of(ctx->outstanding_streams.next,
1051 struct wim_lookup_table_entry,
1052 being_compressed_list);
1059 /* Called when the main thread has read a new chunk of data. */
1061 main_writer_thread_cb(const void *chunk, size_t chunk_size, void *_ctx)
1063 struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1065 struct message *next_msg;
1066 u64 next_chunk_in_msg;
1068 /* Update SHA1 message digest for the stream currently being read by the
1070 sha1_update(&ctx->next_sha_ctx, chunk, chunk_size);
1072 /* We send chunks of data to the compressor chunks in batches which we
1073 * refer to as "messages". @next_msg is the message that is currently
1074 * being prepared to send off. If it is NULL, that indicates that we
1075 * need to start a new message. */
1076 next_msg = ctx->next_msg;
1078 /* We need to start a new message. First check to see if there
1079 * is a message available in the list of available messages. If
1080 * so, we can just take one. If not, all the messages (there is
1081 * a fixed number of them, proportional to the number of
1082 * threads) have been sent off to the compressor threads, so we
1083 * receive messages from the compressor threads containing
1084 * compressed chunks of data.
1086 * We may need to receive multiple messages before one is
1087 * actually available to use because messages received that are
1088 * *not* for the very next set of chunks to compress must be
1089 * buffered until it's time to write those chunks. */
1090 while (list_empty(&ctx->available_msgs)) {
1091 ret = receive_compressed_chunks(ctx);
1096 next_msg = container_of(ctx->available_msgs.next,
1097 struct message, list);
1098 list_del(&next_msg->list);
1099 next_msg->complete = false;
1100 next_msg->begin_chunk = ctx->next_chunk;
1101 next_msg->num_chunks = min(MAX_CHUNKS_PER_MSG,
1102 ctx->next_num_chunks - ctx->next_chunk);
1103 ctx->next_msg = next_msg;
1106 /* Fill in the next chunk to compress */
1107 next_chunk_in_msg = ctx->next_chunk - next_msg->begin_chunk;
1109 next_msg->uncompressed_chunk_sizes[next_chunk_in_msg] = chunk_size;
1110 memcpy(next_msg->uncompressed_chunks[next_chunk_in_msg],
1113 if (++next_chunk_in_msg == next_msg->num_chunks) {
1114 /* Send off an array of chunks to compress */
1115 list_add_tail(&next_msg->list, &ctx->next_lte->msg_list);
1116 shared_queue_put(ctx->res_to_compress_queue, next_msg);
1117 ++ctx->num_outstanding_messages;
1118 ctx->next_msg = NULL;
1124 main_writer_thread_finish(void *_ctx)
1126 struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1128 while (ctx->num_outstanding_messages != 0) {
1129 ret = receive_compressed_chunks(ctx);
1133 wimlib_assert(list_empty(&ctx->outstanding_streams));
1134 return do_write_stream_list_serial(&ctx->serial_streams,
1138 ctx->write_resource_flags,
1144 submit_stream_for_compression(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte,
1145 struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx)
1149 /* Read the entire stream @lte, feeding its data chunks to the
1150 * compressor threads. Also SHA1-sum the stream; this is required in
1151 * the case that @lte is unhashed, and a nice additional verification
1152 * when @lte is already hashed. */
1153 sha1_init(&ctx->next_sha_ctx);
1154 ctx->next_chunk = 0;
1155 ctx->next_num_chunks = wim_resource_chunks(lte);
1156 ctx->next_lte = lte;
1157 INIT_LIST_HEAD(<e->msg_list);
1158 list_add_tail(<e->being_compressed_list, &ctx->outstanding_streams);
1159 ret = read_resource_prefix(lte, wim_resource_size(lte),
1160 main_writer_thread_cb, ctx, 0);
1162 wimlib_assert(ctx->next_chunk == ctx->next_num_chunks);
1163 ret = finalize_and_check_sha1(&ctx->next_sha_ctx, lte);
1169 main_thread_process_next_stream(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *_ctx)
1171 struct main_writer_thread_ctx *ctx = _ctx;
1174 if (wim_resource_size(lte) < 1000 ||
1175 ctx->out_ctype == WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE ||
1176 (lte->resource_location == RESOURCE_IN_WIM &&
1177 !(ctx->write_resource_flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS) &&
1178 wimlib_get_compression_type(lte->wim) == ctx->out_ctype))
1180 /* Stream is too small or isn't being compressed. Process it by
1181 * the main thread when we have a chance. We can't necessarily
1182 * process it right here, as the main thread could be in the
1183 * middle of writing a different stream. */
1184 list_add_tail(<e->write_streams_list, &ctx->serial_streams);
1188 ret = submit_stream_for_compression(lte, ctx);
1190 lte->no_progress = 1;
1195 get_default_num_threads()
1198 return win32_get_number_of_processors();
1200 return sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
1204 /* Equivalent to write_stream_list_serial(), except this takes a @num_threads
1205 * parameter and will perform compression using that many threads. Falls
1206 * back to write_stream_list_serial() on certain errors, such as a failure to
1207 * create the number of threads requested.
1209 * High level description of the algorithm for writing compressed streams in
1210 * parallel: We perform compression on chunks of size WIM_CHUNK_SIZE bytes
1211 * rather than on full files. The currently executing thread becomes the main
1212 * thread and is entirely in charge of reading the data to compress (which may
1213 * be in any location understood by the resource code--- such as in an external
1214 * file being captured, or in another WIM file from which an image is being
1215 * exported) and actually writing the compressed data to the output file.
1216 * Additional threads are "compressor threads" and all execute the
1217 * compressor_thread_proc, where they repeatedly retrieve buffers of data from
1218 * the main thread, compress them, and hand them back to the main thread.
1220 * Certain streams, such as streams that do not need to be compressed (e.g.
1221 * input compression type same as output compression type) or streams of very
1222 * small size are placed in a list (main_writer_thread_ctx.serial_list) and
1223 * handled entirely by the main thread at an appropriate time.
1225 * At any given point in time, multiple streams may be having chunks compressed
1226 * concurrently. The stream that the main thread is currently *reading* may be
1227 * later in the list that the stream that the main thread is currently
1231 write_stream_list_parallel(struct list_head *stream_list,
1232 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
1235 int write_resource_flags,
1236 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func,
1237 union wimlib_progress_info *progress,
1238 unsigned num_threads)
1241 struct shared_queue res_to_compress_queue;
1242 struct shared_queue compressed_res_queue;
1243 pthread_t *compressor_threads = NULL;
1245 if (num_threads == 0) {
1246 long nthreads = get_default_num_threads();
1247 if (nthreads < 1 || nthreads > UINT_MAX) {
1248 WARNING("Could not determine number of processors! Assuming 1");
1250 } else if (nthreads == 1) {
1251 goto out_serial_quiet;
1253 num_threads = nthreads;
1257 DEBUG("Writing stream list (parallel version, num_threads=%u)",
1260 progress->write_streams.num_threads = num_threads;
1262 static const size_t MESSAGES_PER_THREAD = 2;
1263 size_t queue_size = (size_t)(num_threads * MESSAGES_PER_THREAD);
1265 DEBUG("Initializing shared queues (queue_size=%zu)", queue_size);
1267 ret = shared_queue_init(&res_to_compress_queue, queue_size);
1271 ret = shared_queue_init(&compressed_res_queue, queue_size);
1273 goto out_destroy_res_to_compress_queue;
1275 struct compressor_thread_params params;
1276 params.res_to_compress_queue = &res_to_compress_queue;
1277 params.compressed_res_queue = &compressed_res_queue;
1278 params.compress = get_compress_func(out_ctype);
1280 compressor_threads = MALLOC(num_threads * sizeof(pthread_t));
1281 if (!compressor_threads) {
1282 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
1283 goto out_destroy_compressed_res_queue;
1286 for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
1287 DEBUG("pthread_create thread %u of %u", i + 1, num_threads);
1288 ret = pthread_create(&compressor_threads[i], NULL,
1289 compressor_thread_proc, ¶ms);
1292 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to create compressor "
1294 i + 1, num_threads);
1301 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_STREAMS, progress);
1303 struct main_writer_thread_ctx ctx;
1304 ctx.stream_list = stream_list;
1305 ctx.lookup_table = lookup_table;
1306 ctx.out_fp = out_fp;
1307 ctx.out_ctype = out_ctype;
1308 ctx.res_to_compress_queue = &res_to_compress_queue;
1309 ctx.compressed_res_queue = &compressed_res_queue;
1310 ctx.num_messages = queue_size;
1311 ctx.write_resource_flags = write_resource_flags | WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_THREADSAFE_READ;
1312 ctx.progress_func = progress_func;
1313 ctx.progress = progress;
1314 ret = main_writer_thread_init_ctx(&ctx);
1317 ret = do_write_stream_list(stream_list, lookup_table,
1318 main_thread_process_next_stream,
1319 &ctx, progress_func, progress);
1321 goto out_destroy_ctx;
1323 /* The main thread has finished reading all streams that are going to be
1324 * compressed in parallel, and it now needs to wait for all remaining
1325 * chunks to be compressed so that the remaining streams can actually be
1326 * written to the output file. Furthermore, any remaining streams that
1327 * had processing deferred to the main thread need to be handled. These
1328 * tasks are done by the main_writer_thread_finish() function. */
1329 ret = main_writer_thread_finish(&ctx);
1331 main_writer_thread_destroy_ctx(&ctx);
1333 for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_threads; i++)
1334 shared_queue_put(&res_to_compress_queue, NULL);
1336 for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_threads; i++) {
1337 if (pthread_join(compressor_threads[i], NULL)) {
1338 WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to join compressor "
1340 i + 1, num_threads);
1343 FREE(compressor_threads);
1344 out_destroy_compressed_res_queue:
1345 shared_queue_destroy(&compressed_res_queue);
1346 out_destroy_res_to_compress_queue:
1347 shared_queue_destroy(&res_to_compress_queue);
1348 if (ret >= 0 && ret != WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM)
1351 WARNING("Falling back to single-threaded compression");
1353 return write_stream_list_serial(stream_list,
1357 write_resource_flags,
1365 * Write a list of streams to a WIM (@out_fp) using the compression type
1366 * @out_ctype and up to @num_threads compressor threads.
1369 write_stream_list(struct list_head *stream_list,
1370 struct wim_lookup_table *lookup_table,
1371 FILE *out_fp, int out_ctype, int write_flags,
1372 unsigned num_threads, wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
1374 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
1375 size_t num_streams = 0;
1376 u64 total_bytes = 0;
1377 u64 total_compression_bytes = 0;
1378 union wimlib_progress_info progress;
1380 int write_resource_flags;
1382 if (list_empty(stream_list))
1385 write_resource_flags = write_flags_to_resource_flags(write_flags);
1387 /* Calculate the total size of the streams to be written. Note: this
1388 * will be the uncompressed size, as we may not know the compressed size
1389 * yet, and also this will assume that every unhashed stream will be
1390 * written (which will not necessarily be the case). */
1391 list_for_each_entry(lte, stream_list, write_streams_list) {
1393 total_bytes += wim_resource_size(lte);
1394 if (out_ctype != WIMLIB_COMPRESSION_TYPE_NONE
1395 && (wim_resource_compression_type(lte) != out_ctype ||
1396 (write_resource_flags & WIMLIB_RESOURCE_FLAG_RECOMPRESS)))
1398 total_compression_bytes += wim_resource_size(lte);
1401 progress.write_streams.total_bytes = total_bytes;
1402 progress.write_streams.total_streams = num_streams;
1403 progress.write_streams.completed_bytes = 0;
1404 progress.write_streams.completed_streams = 0;
1405 progress.write_streams.num_threads = num_threads;
1406 progress.write_streams.compression_type = out_ctype;
1407 progress.write_streams._private = 0;
1409 #ifdef ENABLE_MULTITHREADED_COMPRESSION
1410 if (total_compression_bytes >= 1000000 && num_threads != 1)
1411 ret = write_stream_list_parallel(stream_list,
1415 write_resource_flags,
1421 ret = write_stream_list_serial(stream_list,
1425 write_resource_flags,
1431 struct stream_size_table {
1432 struct hlist_head *array;
1438 init_stream_size_table(struct stream_size_table *tab, size_t capacity)
1440 tab->array = CALLOC(capacity, sizeof(tab->array[0]));
1442 return WIMLIB_ERR_NOMEM;
1443 tab->num_entries = 0;
1444 tab->capacity = capacity;
1449 destroy_stream_size_table(struct stream_size_table *tab)
1455 stream_size_table_insert(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *_tab)
1457 struct stream_size_table *tab = _tab;
1459 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *same_size_lte;
1460 struct hlist_node *tmp;
1462 pos = hash_u64(wim_resource_size(lte)) % tab->capacity;
1463 lte->unique_size = 1;
1464 hlist_for_each_entry(same_size_lte, tmp, &tab->array[pos], hash_list_2) {
1465 if (wim_resource_size(same_size_lte) == wim_resource_size(lte)) {
1466 lte->unique_size = 0;
1467 same_size_lte->unique_size = 0;
1472 hlist_add_head(<e->hash_list_2, &tab->array[pos]);
1478 struct lte_overwrite_prepare_args {
1481 struct list_head stream_list;
1482 struct stream_size_table stream_size_tab;
1485 /* First phase of preparing streams for an in-place overwrite. This is called
1486 * on all streams, both hashed and unhashed, except the metadata resources. */
1488 lte_overwrite_prepare(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *_args)
1490 struct lte_overwrite_prepare_args *args = _args;
1492 wimlib_assert(!(lte->resource_entry.flags & WIM_RESHDR_FLAG_METADATA));
1493 if (lte->resource_location != RESOURCE_IN_WIM || lte->wim != args->wim)
1494 list_add_tail(<e->write_streams_list, &args->stream_list);
1495 lte->out_refcnt = lte->refcnt;
1496 stream_size_table_insert(lte, &args->stream_size_tab);
1500 /* Second phase of preparing streams for an in-place overwrite. This is called
1501 * on existing metadata resources and hashed streams, but not unhashed streams.
1503 * NOTE: lte->output_resource_entry is in union with lte->hash_list_2, so
1504 * lte_overwrite_prepare_2() must be called after lte_overwrite_prepare(), as
1505 * the latter uses lte->hash_list_2, while the former expects to set
1506 * lte->output_resource_entry. */
1508 lte_overwrite_prepare_2(struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte, void *_args)
1510 struct lte_overwrite_prepare_args *args = _args;
1512 if (lte->resource_location == RESOURCE_IN_WIM && lte->wim == args->wim) {
1513 /* We can't do an in place overwrite on the WIM if there are
1514 * streams after the XML data. */
1515 if (lte->resource_entry.offset +
1516 lte->resource_entry.size > args->end_offset)
1518 #ifdef ENABLE_ERROR_MESSAGES
1519 ERROR("The following resource is after the XML data:");
1520 print_lookup_table_entry(lte, stderr);
1522 return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
1524 copy_resource_entry(<e->output_resource_entry,
1525 <e->resource_entry);
1530 /* Given a WIM that we are going to overwrite in place with zero or more
1531 * additional streams added, construct a list the list of new unique streams
1532 * ('struct wim_lookup_table_entry's) that must be written, plus any unhashed
1533 * streams that need to be added but may be identical to other hashed or
1534 * unhashed streams. These unhashed streams are checksummed while the streams
1535 * are being written. To aid this process, the member @unique_size is set to 1
1536 * on streams that have a unique size and therefore must be written.
1538 * The out_refcnt member of each 'struct wim_lookup_table_entry' is set to
1539 * indicate the number of times the stream is referenced in only the streams
1540 * that are being written; this may still be adjusted later when unhashed
1541 * streams are being resolved.
1544 prepare_streams_for_overwrite(WIMStruct *wim, off_t end_offset,
1545 struct list_head *stream_list)
1548 struct lte_overwrite_prepare_args args;
1552 args.end_offset = end_offset;
1553 ret = init_stream_size_table(&args.stream_size_tab,
1554 wim->lookup_table->capacity);
1558 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&args.stream_list);
1559 for (i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
1560 struct wim_image_metadata *imd;
1561 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
1563 imd = wim->image_metadata[i];
1564 image_for_each_unhashed_stream(lte, imd)
1565 lte_overwrite_prepare(lte, &args);
1567 for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table, lte_overwrite_prepare, &args);
1568 list_transfer(&args.stream_list, stream_list);
1570 for (i = 0; i < wim->hdr.image_count; i++) {
1571 ret = lte_overwrite_prepare_2(wim->image_metadata[i]->metadata_lte,
1574 goto out_destroy_stream_size_table;
1576 ret = for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table,
1577 lte_overwrite_prepare_2, &args);
1578 out_destroy_stream_size_table:
1579 destroy_stream_size_table(&args.stream_size_tab);
1584 struct find_streams_ctx {
1585 struct list_head stream_list;
1586 struct stream_size_table stream_size_tab;
1590 inode_find_streams_to_write(struct wim_inode *inode,
1591 struct wim_lookup_table *table,
1592 struct list_head *stream_list,
1593 struct stream_size_table *tab)
1595 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
1596 for (unsigned i = 0; i <= inode->i_num_ads; i++) {
1597 lte = inode_stream_lte(inode, i, table);
1599 if (lte->out_refcnt == 0) {
1601 stream_size_table_insert(lte, tab);
1602 list_add_tail(<e->write_streams_list, stream_list);
1604 lte->out_refcnt += inode->i_nlink;
1610 image_find_streams_to_write(WIMStruct *w)
1612 struct find_streams_ctx *ctx;
1613 struct wim_image_metadata *imd;
1614 struct wim_inode *inode;
1615 struct wim_lookup_table_entry *lte;
1618 imd = wim_get_current_image_metadata(w);
1620 image_for_each_unhashed_stream(lte, imd)
1621 lte->out_refcnt = 0;
1623 /* Go through this image's inodes to find any streams that have not been
1625 image_for_each_inode(inode, imd) {
1626 inode_find_streams_to_write(inode, w->lookup_table,
1628 &ctx->stream_size_tab);
1633 /* Given a WIM that from which one or all of the images is being written, build
1634 * the list of unique streams ('struct wim_lookup_table_entry's) that must be
1635 * written, plus any unhashed streams that need to be written but may be
1636 * identical to other hashed or unhashed streams being written. These unhashed
1637 * streams are checksummed while the streams are being written. To aid this
1638 * process, the member @unique_size is set to 1 on streams that have a unique
1639 * size and therefore must be written.
1641 * The out_refcnt member of each 'struct wim_lookup_table_entry' is set to
1642 * indicate the number of times the stream is referenced in only the streams
1643 * that are being written; this may still be adjusted later when unhashed
1644 * streams are being resolved.
1647 prepare_stream_list(WIMStruct *wim, int image, struct list_head *stream_list)
1650 struct find_streams_ctx ctx;
1652 for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table, lte_zero_out_refcnt, NULL);
1653 ret = init_stream_size_table(&ctx.stream_size_tab,
1654 wim->lookup_table->capacity);
1657 for_lookup_table_entry(wim->lookup_table, stream_size_table_insert,
1658 &ctx.stream_size_tab);
1659 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx.stream_list);
1660 wim->private = &ctx;
1661 ret = for_image(wim, image, image_find_streams_to_write);
1662 destroy_stream_size_table(&ctx.stream_size_tab);
1664 list_transfer(&ctx.stream_list, stream_list);
1668 /* Writes the streams for the specified @image in @wim to @wim->out_fp.
1671 write_wim_streams(WIMStruct *wim, int image, int write_flags,
1672 unsigned num_threads,
1673 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
1676 struct list_head stream_list;
1678 ret = prepare_stream_list(wim, image, &stream_list);
1681 return write_stream_list(&stream_list,
1684 wimlib_get_compression_type(wim),
1691 * Finish writing a WIM file: write the lookup table, xml data, and integrity
1692 * table (optional), then overwrite the WIM header.
1694 * write_flags is a bitwise OR of the following:
1696 * (public) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY:
1697 * Include an integrity table.
1699 * (public) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SHOW_PROGRESS:
1700 * Show progress information when (if) writing the integrity table.
1702 * (private) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE:
1703 * Don't write the lookup table.
1705 * (private) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REUSE_INTEGRITY_TABLE:
1706 * When (if) writing the integrity table, re-use entries from the
1707 * existing integrity table, if possible.
1709 * (private) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECKPOINT_AFTER_XML:
1710 * After writing the XML data but before writing the integrity
1711 * table, write a temporary WIM header and flush the stream so that
1712 * the WIM is less likely to become corrupted upon abrupt program
1715 * (private) WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FSYNC:
1716 * fsync() the output file before closing it.
1720 finish_write(WIMStruct *w, int image, int write_flags,
1721 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
1724 struct wim_header hdr;
1725 FILE *out = w->out_fp;
1727 /* @hdr will be the header for the new WIM. First copy all the data
1728 * from the header in the WIMStruct; then set all the fields that may
1729 * have changed, including the resource entries, boot index, and image
1731 memcpy(&hdr, &w->hdr, sizeof(struct wim_header));
1733 /* Set image count and boot index correctly for single image writes */
1734 if (image != WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES) {
1735 hdr.image_count = 1;
1736 if (hdr.boot_idx == image)
1742 /* In the WIM header, there is room for the resource entry for a
1743 * metadata resource labeled as the "boot metadata". This entry should
1744 * be zeroed out if there is no bootable image (boot_idx 0). Otherwise,
1745 * it should be a copy of the resource entry for the image that is
1746 * marked as bootable. This is not well documented... */
1747 if (hdr.boot_idx == 0) {
1748 zero_resource_entry(&hdr.boot_metadata_res_entry);
1750 copy_resource_entry(&hdr.boot_metadata_res_entry,
1751 &w->image_metadata[ hdr.boot_idx- 1
1752 ]->metadata_lte->output_resource_entry);
1755 if (!(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE)) {
1756 ret = write_lookup_table(w, image, &hdr.lookup_table_res_entry);
1761 ret = write_xml_data(w->wim_info, image, out,
1762 (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE) ?
1763 wim_info_get_total_bytes(w->wim_info) : 0,
1764 &hdr.xml_res_entry);
1768 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY) {
1769 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECKPOINT_AFTER_XML) {
1770 struct wim_header checkpoint_hdr;
1771 memcpy(&checkpoint_hdr, &hdr, sizeof(struct wim_header));
1772 zero_resource_entry(&checkpoint_hdr.integrity);
1773 if (fseeko(out, 0, SEEK_SET)) {
1774 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to beginning "
1775 "of WIM being written");
1776 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1779 ret = write_header(&checkpoint_hdr, out);
1783 if (fflush(out) != 0) {
1784 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Can't write data to WIM");
1785 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1789 if (fseeko(out, 0, SEEK_END) != 0) {
1790 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to end "
1791 "of WIM being written");
1792 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1797 off_t old_lookup_table_end;
1798 off_t new_lookup_table_end;
1799 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REUSE_INTEGRITY_TABLE) {
1800 old_lookup_table_end = w->hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.offset +
1801 w->hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.size;
1803 old_lookup_table_end = 0;
1805 new_lookup_table_end = hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.offset +
1806 hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.size;
1808 ret = write_integrity_table(out,
1810 new_lookup_table_end,
1811 old_lookup_table_end,
1816 zero_resource_entry(&hdr.integrity);
1819 if (fseeko(out, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
1820 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to seek to beginning of WIM "
1822 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1826 ret = write_header(&hdr, out);
1830 if (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FSYNC) {
1831 if (fflush(out) != 0
1832 || fsync(fileno(out)) != 0)
1834 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Error flushing data to WIM file");
1835 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1839 if (fclose(out) != 0) {
1840 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to close the output WIM file");
1842 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
1848 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_FILE_H) && defined(HAVE_FLOCK)
1850 lock_wim(WIMStruct *w, FILE *fp)
1853 if (fp && !w->wim_locked) {
1854 ret = flock(fileno(fp), LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB);
1856 if (errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
1857 ERROR("`%"TS"' is already being modified or has been "
1858 "mounted read-write\n"
1859 " by another process!", w->filename);
1860 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_ALREADY_LOCKED;
1862 WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to lock `%"TS"'",
1875 open_wim_writable(WIMStruct *w, const tchar *path,
1876 bool trunc, bool also_readable)
1887 wimlib_assert(w->out_fp == NULL);
1888 w->out_fp = tfopen(path, mode);
1892 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to open `%"TS"' for writing", path);
1893 return WIMLIB_ERR_OPEN;
1899 close_wim_writable(WIMStruct *w)
1902 if (fclose(w->out_fp) != 0) {
1903 WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to close output WIM");
1909 /* Open file stream and write dummy header for WIM. */
1911 begin_write(WIMStruct *w, const tchar *path, int write_flags)
1914 ret = open_wim_writable(w, path, true,
1915 (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY) != 0);
1918 /* Write dummy header. It will be overwritten later. */
1919 return write_header(&w->hdr, w->out_fp);
1922 /* Writes a stand-alone WIM to a file. */
1924 wimlib_write(WIMStruct *w, const tchar *path,
1925 int image, int write_flags, unsigned num_threads,
1926 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
1931 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
1933 write_flags &= WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC;
1935 if (image != WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES &&
1936 (image < 1 || image > w->hdr.image_count))
1937 return WIMLIB_ERR_INVALID_IMAGE;
1939 if (w->hdr.total_parts != 1) {
1940 ERROR("Cannot call wimlib_write() on part of a split WIM");
1941 return WIMLIB_ERR_SPLIT_UNSUPPORTED;
1944 ret = begin_write(w, path, write_flags);
1948 ret = write_wim_streams(w, image, write_flags, num_threads,
1954 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_METADATA_BEGIN, NULL);
1956 ret = for_image(w, image, write_metadata_resource);
1961 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_WRITE_METADATA_END, NULL);
1963 ret = finish_write(w, image, write_flags, progress_func);
1964 /* finish_write() closed the WIM for us */
1967 close_wim_writable(w);
1969 DEBUG("wimlib_write(path=%"TS") = %d", path, ret);
1974 any_images_modified(WIMStruct *w)
1976 for (int i = 0; i < w->hdr.image_count; i++)
1977 if (w->image_metadata[i]->modified)
1983 * Overwrite a WIM, possibly appending streams to it.
1985 * A WIM looks like (or is supposed to look like) the following:
1987 * Header (212 bytes)
1988 * Streams and metadata resources (variable size)
1989 * Lookup table (variable size)
1990 * XML data (variable size)
1991 * Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
1993 * If we are not adding any streams or metadata resources, the lookup table is
1994 * unchanged--- so we only need to overwrite the XML data, integrity table, and
1995 * header. This operation is potentially unsafe if the program is abruptly
1996 * terminated while the XML data or integrity table are being overwritten, but
1997 * before the new header has been written. To partially alleviate this problem,
1998 * a special flag (WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECKPOINT_AFTER_XML) is passed to
1999 * finish_write() to cause a temporary WIM header to be written after the XML
2000 * data has been written. This may prevent the WIM from becoming corrupted if
2001 * the program is terminated while the integrity table is being calculated (but
2002 * no guarantees, due to write re-ordering...).
2004 * If we are adding new streams or images (metadata resources), the lookup table
2005 * needs to be changed, and those streams need to be written. In this case, we
2006 * try to perform a safe update of the WIM file by writing the streams *after*
2007 * the end of the previous WIM, then writing the new lookup table, XML data, and
2008 * (optionally) integrity table following the new streams. This will produce a
2009 * layout like the following:
2011 * Header (212 bytes)
2012 * (OLD) Streams and metadata resources (variable size)
2013 * (OLD) Lookup table (variable size)
2014 * (OLD) XML data (variable size)
2015 * (OLD) Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
2016 * (NEW) Streams and metadata resources (variable size)
2017 * (NEW) Lookup table (variable size)
2018 * (NEW) XML data (variable size)
2019 * (NEW) Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
2021 * At all points, the WIM is valid as nothing points to the new data yet. Then,
2022 * the header is overwritten to point to the new lookup table, XML data, and
2023 * integrity table, to produce the following layout:
2025 * Header (212 bytes)
2026 * Streams and metadata resources (variable size)
2027 * Nothing (variable size)
2028 * More Streams and metadata resources (variable size)
2029 * Lookup table (variable size)
2030 * XML data (variable size)
2031 * Integrity table (optional) (variable size)
2033 * This method allows an image to be appended to a large WIM very quickly, and
2034 * is is crash-safe except in the case of write re-ordering, but the
2035 * disadvantage is that a small hole is left in the WIM where the old lookup
2036 * table, xml data, and integrity table were. (These usually only take up a
2037 * small amount of space compared to the streams, however.)
2040 overwrite_wim_inplace(WIMStruct *w, int write_flags,
2041 unsigned num_threads,
2042 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
2045 struct list_head stream_list;
2047 u64 old_lookup_table_end, old_xml_begin, old_xml_end;
2049 DEBUG("Overwriting `%"TS"' in-place", w->filename);
2051 /* Make sure that the integrity table (if present) is after the XML
2052 * data, and that there are no stream resources, metadata resources, or
2053 * lookup tables after the XML data. Otherwise, these data would be
2055 old_xml_begin = w->hdr.xml_res_entry.offset;
2056 old_xml_end = old_xml_begin + w->hdr.xml_res_entry.size;
2057 old_lookup_table_end = w->hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.offset +
2058 w->hdr.lookup_table_res_entry.size;
2059 if (w->hdr.integrity.offset != 0 && w->hdr.integrity.offset < old_xml_end) {
2060 ERROR("Didn't expect the integrity table to be before the XML data");
2061 return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
2064 if (old_lookup_table_end > old_xml_begin) {
2065 ERROR("Didn't expect the lookup table to be after the XML data");
2066 return WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER;
2069 /* Set @old_wim_end, which indicates the point beyond which we don't
2070 * allow any file and metadata resources to appear without returning
2071 * WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER (due to the fact that we would otherwise
2072 * overwrite these resources). */
2073 if (!w->deletion_occurred && !any_images_modified(w)) {
2074 /* If no images have been modified and no images have been
2075 * deleted, a new lookup table does not need to be written. We
2076 * shall write the new XML data and optional integrity table
2077 * immediately after the lookup table. Note that this may
2078 * overwrite an existing integrity table. */
2079 DEBUG("Skipping writing lookup table "
2080 "(no images modified or deleted)");
2081 old_wim_end = old_lookup_table_end;
2082 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE |
2083 WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECKPOINT_AFTER_XML;
2084 } else if (w->hdr.integrity.offset) {
2085 /* Old WIM has an integrity table; begin writing new streams
2087 old_wim_end = w->hdr.integrity.offset + w->hdr.integrity.size;
2089 /* No existing integrity table; begin writing new streams after
2090 * the old XML data. */
2091 old_wim_end = old_xml_end;
2094 ret = prepare_streams_for_overwrite(w, old_wim_end, &stream_list);
2098 ret = open_wim_writable(w, w->filename, false,
2099 (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_CHECK_INTEGRITY) != 0);
2103 ret = lock_wim(w, w->out_fp);
2105 close_wim_writable(w);
2109 if (fseeko(w->out_fp, old_wim_end, SEEK_SET) != 0) {
2110 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Can't seek to end of WIM");
2111 close_wim_writable(w);
2113 return WIMLIB_ERR_WRITE;
2116 DEBUG("Writing newly added streams (offset = %"PRIu64")",
2118 ret = write_stream_list(&stream_list,
2121 wimlib_get_compression_type(w),
2128 for (int i = 0; i < w->hdr.image_count; i++) {
2129 if (w->image_metadata[i]->modified) {
2130 select_wim_image(w, i + 1);
2131 ret = write_metadata_resource(w);
2136 write_flags |= WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REUSE_INTEGRITY_TABLE;
2137 ret = finish_write(w, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES, write_flags,
2140 close_wim_writable(w);
2141 if (ret != 0 && !(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_NO_LOOKUP_TABLE)) {
2142 WARNING("Truncating `%"TS"' to its original size (%"PRIu64" bytes)",
2143 w->filename, old_wim_end);
2144 /* Return value of truncate() is ignored because this is already
2146 (void)ttruncate(w->filename, old_wim_end);
2153 overwrite_wim_via_tmpfile(WIMStruct *w, int write_flags,
2154 unsigned num_threads,
2155 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
2157 size_t wim_name_len;
2160 DEBUG("Overwriting `%"TS"' via a temporary file", w->filename);
2162 /* Write the WIM to a temporary file in the same directory as the
2164 wim_name_len = tstrlen(w->filename);
2165 tchar tmpfile[wim_name_len + 10];
2166 tmemcpy(tmpfile, w->filename, wim_name_len);
2167 randomize_char_array_with_alnum(tmpfile + wim_name_len, 9);
2168 tmpfile[wim_name_len + 9] = T('\0');
2170 ret = wimlib_write(w, tmpfile, WIMLIB_ALL_IMAGES,
2171 write_flags | WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_FSYNC,
2172 num_threads, progress_func);
2174 ERROR("Failed to write the WIM file `%"TS"'", tmpfile);
2178 DEBUG("Renaming `%"TS"' to `%"TS"'", tmpfile, w->filename);
2181 /* Windows won't let you delete open files unless FILE_SHARE_DELETE was
2182 * specified to CreateFile(). The WIM was opened with fopen(), which
2183 * didn't provided this flag to CreateFile, so the handle must be closed
2184 * before executing the rename(). */
2185 if (w->fp != NULL) {
2191 /* Rename the new file to the old file .*/
2192 if (trename(tmpfile, w->filename) != 0) {
2193 ERROR_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to rename `%"TS"' to `%"TS"'",
2194 tmpfile, w->filename);
2195 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_RENAME;
2199 if (progress_func) {
2200 union wimlib_progress_info progress;
2201 progress.rename.from = tmpfile;
2202 progress.rename.to = w->filename;
2203 progress_func(WIMLIB_PROGRESS_MSG_RENAME, &progress);
2206 /* Close the original WIM file that was opened for reading. */
2207 if (w->fp != NULL) {
2212 /* Re-open the WIM read-only. */
2213 w->fp = tfopen(w->filename, T("rb"));
2214 if (w->fp == NULL) {
2215 ret = WIMLIB_ERR_REOPEN;
2216 WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to re-open `%"TS"' read-only",
2223 /* Remove temporary file. */
2224 if (tunlink(tmpfile) != 0)
2225 WARNING_WITH_ERRNO("Failed to remove `%"TS"'", tmpfile);
2231 * Writes a WIM file to the original file that it was read from, overwriting it.
2234 wimlib_overwrite(WIMStruct *w, int write_flags,
2235 unsigned num_threads,
2236 wimlib_progress_func_t progress_func)
2238 write_flags &= WIMLIB_WRITE_MASK_PUBLIC;
2241 return WIMLIB_ERR_NO_FILENAME;
2243 if (w->hdr.total_parts != 1) {
2244 ERROR("Cannot modify a split WIM");
2245 return WIMLIB_ERR_SPLIT_UNSUPPORTED;
2248 if ((!w->deletion_occurred || (write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOFT_DELETE))
2249 && !(write_flags & WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_REBUILD))
2252 ret = overwrite_wim_inplace(w, write_flags, num_threads,
2254 if (ret == WIMLIB_ERR_RESOURCE_ORDER)
2255 WARNING("Falling back to re-building entire WIM");
2259 return overwrite_wim_via_tmpfile(w, write_flags, num_threads,